Effects of Vocabulary Size on Anticipatory Sentence Processing in Korean Learners of English

Yuree Noh,Miseon Lee 한국언어학회 2016 언어 Vol.41 No.3

Noh Yuree & Lee Miseon. 2016. Effects of vocabulary size on anticipatory sentence processing in Korean learners of English. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 41-3. 359-378. The present study investigates whether and the extent to which nonnative speakers of English exhibit anticipatory processing of English sentences in comparison to native speakers (Borovsky et al., 2012), using a looking-while-listening paradigm. We also examine the relationship between the anticipatory behavior and vocabulary knowledge of English as a second language. College students with high-intermediate English proficiency participated in an eye-tracking experiment and an offline measurement of vocabulary knowledge. The results revealed that the participants anticipate upcoming words, thereby incrementally processing English sentences as native speakers do. In doing so, they also actively make use of combinatory information of semantic cues and real-world knowledge, having advantage of a larger L2 vocabulary size. (Hanyang University)

The Impact of Inhibitory Controls on Anticipatory Sentence Processing in L2

( Yuree Noh ),( Miseon Lee ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2017 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.18 No.1

This study investigates the relationship between anticipatory behaviors and inhibitory controls in L2 learners using a visual world paradigm. Thirty-four college students with high-intermediate English proficiency participated in an eye-tracking experiment and a flanker task. The eye-tracking results show that the participants predict upcoming words, thereby incrementally processing English sentences in a similar manner to L1 speakers. The eye-movement patterns indicate that they actively made use of combinatory information extracted from subject and verb and real-world knowledge. The results from a flanker task, as a measurement of inhibitory controls, reveal that the flanker effect of accuracy, but not the flanker effect of RT, is significantly correlated with anticipatory processing. That is, the participants who responded to the flankers more accurately were better and faster in predicting the target object. In short, our study supports the constraint-based accounts for sentence processing in L2 suggesting that inhibitory controls as an index of cognitive functions can be another constraint on predictive sentence processing.

A Comparative Study of End-of-Life Portable Batteries Management Between Korea, Japan, and Germany

( Yuree Kwon ),( Hyunhee Kim ),( Yeji Jang ),( Yong-chul Jang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2018 No.1

Batteries are classified as primary batteries that can not be charged, and secondary batteries that can be recharged for extended life. The primary batteries include alkalis-manganese battery, mercury battery, lithium battery, and others, while the secondary batteries cover nickel cadmium(Ni-Cd) battery, Nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery, lithium ion battery, lithium polymer battery, lead storage battery, and others. Because waste batteries may contain hazardous materials, improper disposal of such waste may result in adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, the disposal and recycling of waste batteries is becoming an important issue in waste management policy. This study conducted a comparative study of end-of-life portable batteries management between Korea, Japan, and Germany. The data required for this study were collected from the literature review, available statistics developed by the governments, discussion with the experts, survey and field visits to the local government office, and battery recycling facilities. In Korea, waste batteries have been included in EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility) policy since 2003 for effective recovery and recycling of the waste from consumers. In Japan, the primary battery is usually collected by local municipality, while the secondary battery is managed by the JBRC(Japanese Battery Recycling Cooperation). Germany has started the EPR system with four collection organizations of waste batteries such as GRS, REBAT, and ERP. The role of the organizations varies with different provinces, concentrating on collection, sorting, and recycling of waste batteries. Also, they carry out take-back system (Reverse Logistics), allowing distributors to collect back waste batteries from consumers for free. According to the results of the study, Japan's POM (Placed On Market) is the highest at 87,806 tons in 2015, followed by Germany (43,979 tons) and Korea (14,634 tons). Among them, Japan recycled 22,855 tons, Germany 19,142 tons and Korea only 2,906 tons. Germany (44.2%) have the highest collection rates followed by Japan (26.03%) and Korea (19.86%). There is a need for better effective collection efforts on waste batteries in Korea by adopting various collection programs including take-back by retailers, collection from industrial sectors, and economic incentives to consumers for more collection.

Assessment of packaging waste management by EPR in South Korea

( Yuree Kwon ),( Ji-hyun Jeong ),( Gain Lee ),( Yeji Jang ),( Yong-chul Jang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2019 No.1

The EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility) system is one of the key areas toward a circular economy by resource circulation. EPR is a system in which producers, importers and sellers of products and packaging materials that have a large amount of waste generated are required to collect and recycle their wastes after consumer disposal. In Korea, the EPR system has been implemented since 2003 to replace waste deposit system, which was introduced in 1992. Currently, in Kora, target items by the EPR include four packaging materials groups (e.g., cans, glass bottles, PET, plastics) and seven product groups (e.g., tire, lubricants, batteries). Producers should recycle their obligated quantities for recycling that are notified annually by the Ministry of Environment. If they fail to recycling obligation, the levy should be paid more than the cost of recycling. In this study, the current efforts and management system of packaging waste in Korea by EPR were presented in terms of recycling rate, recycling targets, operating systems. In addition, based on the domestic recycling market, we analyzed the outcomes, current challenges, and limitations of the EPR system in Korea, based on 15-year data and experiences.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate is important for stomatal opening

Lee, Yuree,Kim, Yong-Woo,Jeon, Byeon Wook,Park, Ki-Youb,Suh, Su Jeoung,Seo, Jiyoung,Kwak, June M.,Martinoia, Enrico,Hwang, Inhwan,Lee, Youngsook Blackwell Scientific Publishers and BIOS Scientifi 2007 The Plant journal Vol.52 No.5

<P>Summary</P><P>Previously, we demonstrated that a protein that binds phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>] inhibits both light-induced stomatal opening and ABA-induced stomatal closing. The latter effect is due to a reduction in free PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>, decreasing production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and phosphatidic acid by phospholipases C and D. However, it is less clear how PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> modulates stomatal opening. We found that in response to white light irradiation, the PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>-binding domain GFP:PLC&dgr;1PH translocated from the cytosol into the plasma membrane. This suggests that the level of PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> increases at the plasma membrane upon illumination. Exogenously administered PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> substituted for light stimuli, inducing stomatal opening and swelling of guard cell protoplasts. To identify PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> targets we performed patch-clamp experiments, and found that anion channel activity was inhibited by PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>. Genetic analyses using an Arabidopsis <I>PIP5K4</I> mutant further supported the role of PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> in stomatal opening. The reduced stomatal opening movements exhibited by a mutant of Arabidopsis <I>PIP5K4</I> (<I>At3g56960</I>) was countered by exogenous application of PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB>. The phenotype of reduced stomatal opening in the <I>pip5k4</I> mutant was recovered in lines complemented with the full-length <I>PIP5K4</I>. Together, these data suggest that PIP5K4 produces PtdIns(4,5)P<SUB>2</SUB> in irradiated guard cells, inhibiting anion channels to allow full stomatal opening.</P>

프로세싱을 이용한 인터랙티브 설치물〈Reflection Superposition〉

임준희(Yuree Stacy Lim),이준서(Lee Joon Seo) 한국디자인학회 2007 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiling Reveals Upregulation of Uroplakin 1A and Uroplakin 1A Antisense RNA 1 under Hypoxic Conditions in Lung Cancer Cells

Byun, Yuree,Choi, Young-Chul,Jeong, Yongsu,Yoon, Jaeseung,Baek, Kwanghee Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2020 Molecules and cells Vol.43 No.12

Hypoxia plays important roles in cancer progression by inducing angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. However, the effects of hypoxia on long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression have not been clarified. Herein, we evaluated alterations in lncRNA expression in lung cancer cells under hypoxic conditions using lncRNA microarray analyses. Among 40,173 lncRNAs, 211 and 113 lncRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively, in both A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Uroplakin 1A (UPK1A) and UPK1A-antisense RNA 1 (AS1), which showed the highest upregulation under hypoxic conditions, were selected to investigate the effects of UPK1A-AS1 on the expression of UPK1A and the mechanisms of hypoxia-inducible expression. Following transfection of cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), the hypoxia-induced expression of UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 was significantly reduced, indicating that HIF-1α played important roles in the hypoxia-induced expression of these targets. After transfection of cells with UPK1A siRNA, UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 levels were reduced. Moreover, transfection of cells with UPK1A-AS1 siRNA downregulated both UPK1A-AS1 and UPK1A. RNase protection assays demonstrated that UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 formed a duplex; thus, transfection with UPK1A-AS1 siRNA decreased the RNA stability of UPK1A. Overall, these results indicated that UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 expression increased under hypoxic conditions in a HIF-1α-dependent manner and that formation of a UPK1A/UPK1A-AS1 duplex affected RNA stability, enabling each molecule to regulate the expression of the other.

Roles of phosphoinositides in regulation of stomatal movements.

Lee, Yuree,Lee, Youngsook Landes Bioscience 2008 Plant signaling & behavior Vol.3 No.4

<P>Guard cells sense various environmental and internal stimuli and, in response, modulate the stomatal aperture to a size optimal for growth and adaptation. Among the many factors involved in the fine regulation of stomata, we have focused our studies on the role of phosphoinositides. Our recent study published in the Plant Journal (52:803-16) provides evidence for an important role for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P(2)) in inducing stomatal opening. Light induces translocation of a PtdIns(4,5)P(2)-binding protein from the cytosol to the plasma membrane and treatments that increase the intracellular PtdIns(4,5)P(2) level induce stomatal opening in the absence of light irradiation. Inhibition of anion channel activity, a negative regulator for stomatal opening, was suggested as a mechanism of PtdIns(4,5)P(2)-induced stomatal opening. We also reported that phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) regulate actin dynamics in guard cells. The effects of the phosphoinositides were specific, and were not induced by other lipids with similar structures. The roles of different interacting partners are likely to be important for these lipids to produce specific changes in guard cell activity.</P>

매립지가스 발전의 전과정목록 데이터베이스 구축 연구

권유리(Yuree Kwon),안진주(Jinjoo An) 한국에너지기후변화학회 2021 한국에너지기후변화학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

매년 폐기물 발생량은 증가하는 추세이며 발생하는 폐기물의 적정 처리는 중요한 과제 중 하나이다. 폐기물 처리방법 중 하나로 매립법이 있으며, 매립지에서는 폐기물을 분해하는 과정에서 매립지가스(Landfill gas, LFG)가 수십 년 동안 발생한다. 매립지가스는 주로 메탄과 이산화탄소로 이루어져 있는데 두 가스 모두 6대 온실가스에 속하므로 매립지가스의 적절한 처리가 중요하다. 한편, 전과정평가(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)는 제품의 생산에서 폐기까지 전 생애에 걸쳐 발생 가능한 환경 영향을 정의하고 평가하는 분석기법이다. 전과정평가를 활용하여 환경 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 제품시스템의 전 과정과 관련된 투입물, 배출물의 데이터를 수집하여 정량화해야 한다. 전과정목록 데이터베이스(Life Cycle Inventory Database, LCI DB)는 각 기능단위 생산에 필요한 제품의 전과정에 투입되는 자원의 양과 제품시스템에서 환경으로 버려지는 배출물 및 폐기물의 발생량을 목록화한 데이터이다. 공통적으로 사용되는 상·하위 흐름의 전과정목록 데이터베이스를 구축함으로써 전과정평가 수행 시 소요되는 시간 및 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 탄소자원화기술의 원료로 주목받고 있는 매립지가스 및 이를 이용하여 생산한 전력의 전과정목록 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 국내 점유율, 자료수집의 용이성 등을 고려하여 수도권 매립지관리공사 제1, 2 매립장에서 발생하는 매립지가스 및 전력 생산시설을 대상으로 하였다. 환경부 자료에 따르면 2018년 기준 전국의 매립 시설 중 수도권매립지의 매립용량이 전체 41%에 달하였으며, 수도권매립지관리공사의 매립지가스 포집량은 214 M㎥으로 국내 전체 매립지가스 회수량 중 약 72%를 차지하였다. 또한, 국내 매립지가스 발전량의 88%가 인천지역에서 판매되었으므로 기술적 대표성을 확보하였다고 판단하였다. 본 데이터베이스는 ISO14044에 따라 구축되었으며 국내 전과정평가 전문가 5인의 정밀검토를 거쳐 완성하였다. 본 데이터베이스는 매립지가스 및 이를 연료로써 생산한 전력을 사용하는 공정의 상위 흐름 데이터로 사용할 수 있다.

인성교육의 새로운 패러다임

김유리(Yuree Kim),김현철(Hyun-Chul Kim),박진옥(Jin-Ok Park),권선향(Sun-Hyang Kwon),김누리(Nu-Ri Kim) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2016 한국교육문제연구 Vol.34 No.4

본 연구는 기존 인성교육에 대한 비판적 검토를 통해 인성교육의 새로운 관점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 인성교육에 대한 관점은 교육 목적과 방법을 설정하는 데 있어 기준이 되므로 이에 관한 충분한 고찰 없이는 앞서 제기된 교육현장의 혼란이 되풀이 될 수 있기 때문이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 「인성교육진흥법」 및 선행연구와 현행 국내 인성교육 정책들의 인성교육 관점을 분석하였다. 아울러 현장 교사들의 인성교육에 대한 인식 조사를 위하여 현직교원 30명을 대상으로 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 지금까지 인성교육은 사람에 대한 ‘사회적 기대ㆍ가치’를 전제하고 해당 사회가 요구하는 인성의 요소를 교육시키기 위한 방안으로 교과ㆍ지식 중심의 교육과정으로 운영되었다. 인성교육의 비전으로 미래 지향적 역량을 갖춘 민주시민을 육성하고자 하였으나 인간의 본연지성(本然之性)으로서의 인성은 보편적이고 본질적인 인간성으로 시간적・공간적으로 구분될 수 없다는 점에서 현실적인 목표라고 보기 어렵다. 기존 인성교육이 가지고 있는 인간계발의 관점을 현장 교사들이 어떻게 인식하고 수용하는가에 대한 실태를 파악한 결과, 현장에서는 구체적이고 가시적인 인성교육 방법론에 대한 요구가 대부분이고 인성 개념 정립과 같은 비가시적이지만 필수적인 측면에 대한 인식이 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 인성이란 외부적인 것으로 가르쳐서 계발될 성질의 것으로 파악함으로써 성적을 매기듯 인성을 평가하게 되고 결국 현장교육의 실패를 반복하게 만들고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 인성이란 내재적인 것으로 스스로 발현되고 드러날 수 있도록 이를 방해하고 왜곡하는 문제들을 제거하는 것이 더 중요하다는 관점의 변화를 제기한다. 앞으로 인성교육은 지금까지의 계몽주의적 인간계발의 관점에서 벗어나 본래적 교육을 위한 인간개발이라는 새로운 패러다임으로의 전환이 예고되고 있다. The purpose of this study is to present a new perspective of character education through a critical review of extant literature on character education. This is because the viewpoint of character education is the standard for setting educational objectives and methods, so that the confusion in schools, which has previously been raised, can be repeated without sufficient consideration. Therefore, the perspectives of character education were analyzed in this study. In addition, the Delphi analysis was conducted on the data from 30 teachers to investigate the perception of the teachers' character education. As a result of the research, character education from the past to the present has been operated as a subject(knowledge)-based curriculum to teach the elements of character required by the society, presupposing 'social expectation and value' for people. Most of the demands in schools are on concrete and visible character education methodology. However, the concept of character is not recognized as an essential aspect because it is invisible. Therefore, this study suggests a change in perspective that character is as an intrinsic attribute and that it is more important to eliminate the problems that disturb and distort character to be manifested and revealed by oneself. In the future, character education is expected to shift away from the viewpoint of human improvement based on enlightenment to a new paradigm of human development for original education, namely recovering character as human nature.