시니어의 기업가정신이 창업의도에 미치는 영향: 자기효능감과 실패두려움의 조절효과

윤성임(Yun, Sung-Im),전병훈(Jeon, Byung-Hoon) 한국경영교육학회 2021 경영교육연구 Vol.36 No.2

[연구목적] 본 연구에서는 4차산업혁명과 코로나-19 팬데믹으로 인한 사회변화, 일자리 감소, 고용불안 등 사회적 이슈의 중심에 있는 시니어들의 기업가정신과 창업의도와의 관계, 자기효능감과 실패두려움의 조절효과에 대한 영향을 검증하고 시니어 창업 활성화를 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. [연구방법] 40세 이상의 시니어를 대상으로 온라인 설문조사방식으로 수집한 총 345개의 표본으로 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰성 분석, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였고, 조절효과 검증을 위해 PROCESS macro의 Model 2번을 활용하여 5,000회의 부트스트래핑과 신뢰구간 95%을 설정하여 분석하였다. [연구결과] 기업가정신의 하위변인인 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성은 창업의도에 모두 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로, 기업가정신과 창업의도 간의 관계에서 자기효능감은 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타났고, 실패두려움은 기업가정신의 하위변인인 진취성만 창업의도에 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 시니어들의 창업 활성화를 위해 시니어 역량과 기업가정신은 함양하고 실패두려움은 낮출 수 있는 실질적인 창업교육과 하이브리드 창업, 재창업, 연속 창업, 1인(지식)창업으로 이어질 수 있는 사회적 지지와 지원정책을 수반한 창업 생태계 구축이 필요하다. [Purpose] In this study, the relationship between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions of seniors who are at the center of social issues such as social change, job loss, and employment insecurity due to the 4th industrial revolution and the Corona-19 pandemic, and the moderating effect of self-efficacy and fear of failure. I want to verify the impact and present implications for revitalizing start-up of seniors. [Methodology] A total of 345 samples collected by the online survey method were analyzed for frequency, factor, reliability analysis, correlation, multiple regression, and moderation effect using Model 2 of PROCESS macro. [Findings] Entrepreneurship’s innovation, initiative, and risk-taking all have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. In the relationship between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention, self-efficacy does not have a moderating effect, and fear of failure only controls initiative. [Implications] It is necessary to establish a startup ecosystem with social support and startup support policies that can lead to practical startup education that can cultivate the entrepreneurial spirit of seniors and reduce the fear of failure, and that can lead to continuous startups and single-person (knowledge) startups.

Sprague Dawley 수컷 랏트에서 Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether의 경구 투여에 의한 급성 독성

임재언,양윤정,이태진,홍연표 대한산업의학회 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적: 본 연구는 BADGE의 경구 투여에 의한 급성 독성학적 연구를 수행하여 기존의 연구 결과를 확인하고 추후 내분비계 장애 연구에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였다. 방법: 수컷 SD 랏트에 0, 1000, 2000, 4000과 8000 mg/kg/day의 BADGE와 DES 0.37 mg/kg/day의 농도를 단회 경구로 투여한 후 14일간 일반 증상 등을 관찰하였고 14일 후 부검하였다. 결과: BADGE를 투여한 모든 군에서 투여 후 3일째에 설사와 다른 일반 증상들이 관찰되었고 체중도 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 8000 mg/kg/day의BADGE를 투여한 랏트에서 투여 후 3일째에 대조군에 비해 유의한 수준으로 체중이 감소하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 일부 BADGE 투여군에서 대조군에 비해 심장(1000, 2000과 4000 mg/kg/day), 간(1000, 2000, 4000과 8000 mg/kg/day)과 전립샘(4000 mg/kg/day)의 무게의 감소가 관찰되었다. BADGE 투여군의 간(1000과 4000 mg/kg/day)과 전립샘(8000 mg/kg/day) 의 상대 무게가 대조군과 차이를 보였다. 고환을 제외한 모든 장기에서 조직학적인 변화는 관찰되지 않았으며 고환에서는 세 정관에서 정자세포의 감소가 관찰되었다. 고환과 부고환의 sperm head 수를 보면, 고환에서만 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 정자의 운동성과 기형은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 혈장 에스트로겐과 테스토스테론 농도는 대조군과 모든 투여군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: BADGE를 랏트에 경구 투여 하였을 때 1000 mg/kg/day의 수준에서도 일반 독성 및 생식독성을 유발시킬 수 있음을 보여준다. Objectives: Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether (BADGE) is the major component in commercial liquid epoxy resins, which are manufactured by co-reacting bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin. The authors investigated the acute toxicity of BADGE. Methods: BADGE was administered by a gavage to 8 week old SPF Sprague Dawley rats in a single dose of 0 (negative control), 0.37 (Diethylstilbesterol, DES), 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day of BADGE. Each treatment group contained 7 rats. The general status and weight of the rats were observed for 14 days. The rats were anesthetized by ether at 14 days, and the changes in morphology, organ weight, sperm count and motility, and hormone level were measured. Results: All the rats treated with BADGE had diarrhea on the 1st day. The rats administered BADGE at 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day showed a soiled perineal region and soft stools with diarrhea until the 3rd day. The 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats had diarrhea for two days followed by emaciation, soiled fur, a soiled perineal region, staining around the mouth and were moribund for three to eight days. No weight gain was observed after the 1st day in the 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats and after the 7th day in all the treatment groups compared with the control groups. Some treatment groups were observed to have a decrease in the weight of the heart (BADGE 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg/day), liver (BADGE 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 mg/kg/day) and prostate (BADGE 4000 mg/kg/day) compared with control group. The weight of the liver was significantly lower in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The relative weight of the liver (BADGE 1000 and 4000 mg/kg/day) was significant lower than the control. No pathological changes were observed in the brain, liver, thyroid, heart, spleen, kidney, lung and prostate. The number of spermatid in the seminiferous tubule in the testes was lower in all treatment groups than the control. The sperm motility tended to decrease with increasing concentration but the sperm count was similar in all treatment groups. The plasma Estrogen and testosterone level were similar in the control and treatment groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that BADGE induces general, hepatic and reproductive toxicity at 1000 mg/kg/day.

한국 탄광부에 있어 흉부 사진에 의한 진폐증과 진폐결핵의 감별진단

윤임중,유재익 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1985 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.24 No.2

In order to grasp the various findings between progrssive massive fibrosis and tuberculosis complicated with pneumoconiosis using the chest film, 354 patients who were admitted in the past or are admitting at present for six months to three years long in Industrial Accident Hospital, Catholic Medical College, were divided into two groups, namely pneumoconiotic large opacity group and tuberculosis complicated group. The former group was negative of acid-fast bacillus in direct smear or no growth of M. tuberculosis in culture with sputum or gastric juice at least more than five times, and the latter group was contrarily. The cases of the tuberculosis complicated with pneumoconiosis which were easily distinguished the tuberculous lesions by chest film from progressive massive fibrosis, was excluded as the subjects in this study. The size of progressive massive fibrosis was classified by International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis(ILO-U 1971) and as matter method. The cavities were confirmed by tomography of chest. The results are as follows: 1. The symmetry of lesions did not show any difference between two groups. 2. The well defined opacity was markedly more in pneumoconiotic large opacity group than in the tuberculosis complicated with pneumoconiosis group. 3. The pneumoconiotic large opacities were progressed or not change in all cases, while the lesion of tuberculosis complicated with pneumoconosis was resoluted or reduced more than 50% during the observation period. 4. The pneumoconiotic large opacities were progressed as far as larger, and the tuberculous lesions were easier resoluted or reduced in the cases with ill defined lesions. 5. The most of lesions with cavity were belong to the tuberculosis complicated with pneumoconiosis group.

차별화 전략으로 성공한 화장픔 브랜드의 디자인경영 사례분석 : 아모레퍼시픽 '헤라' 브랜드를 중심으로

임헌혁,변윤호 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2006 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.9 No.2

This study is intended to increase consumers' preference for domestic cosmetics shrunk by explosive inflow of foreign cosmetics and devise strategies and ways to make domestic cosmetics have discriminatory competitiveness which is different from foreign cosmetics. First, appropriate marketing strategies are developed aiming at consumer target clearly. Second, HERA makes its differentiated image of brand from those of other brands. Third, HERA develops strategy of focusing on improving product quality- Fourth, unified brand image is delivered even in the way of marketing mix. Fifth, consumers' need are detected in advance and are reflected in products swiftly. Sixth, strong leadership of brand manager and CEO's managemental method for acquiring brand power provide successful conditions with HERA. Considering these things, target consumers should be clearly set in developing product and marketing programs for successful outcomes. It can be thought that central operating body of design management needs to grasp needs of target consumers exactly, improve competitive brand images in accordance with properties of target consumers, and develop prudent strategies about products, price, distribution and promotion. Successful design management can be accomplished by developing resolute and constituent managemental policies.

CRM과 e-CRM, m-CRM의 비교분석 연구

임창욱,최윤홍 호남대학교 대학원 2004 호남대학교 대학원 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

CRM, which stands for Customer Relationship Marketing, supports characterized marketing activities of customers by extending internal and external data, utilizes customer information taking advantage of being able to aquire customers' information and includes the characteristics of BRR(Business in the Process Reengineering) which intends to change companies' concept about customers. The organizations that anticipate being the leaders of competition are starting to reform paradigm for the current customers. In Korea, CRM was first introduced in the late 1990s with financial organizations and communications companies being leaders, and in the beginning of the 2000s, the entire service business, including the distribution industry, was starting to have interests and anticipations of CRM. E-CRM was introduced from late 1999 to early 2000 and the enterprises that are adopting m-CRM have been increasing since 2002. In a changing environment, where the speed of technology development is faster than that of marketing paradigm development, the companies which have already taken CRM have much interest in e-CRM and m-CRM, but they do not have objective data about ROI (Return On Investment), so e-CRM or m-CRM which requires considerable expenses is being delayed. In addition, even though there are much previous research about CRM, e-CRM and m-CRM, the systematic research of those by comparative analysis is insufficient. The purpose of this research ,in this environment, is topresent practical guidelines to the companies which have already taken and operated the CRM system but is hoping to extend to e-CRM, m-CRM through understanding CRM, e-CRM and m-CRM by examination of those theories and the accumulated examples and through comparatively analyzing those systems systematically.

실험적 진폐증에서 투여약제에 따른 면역학적 병리학적 조직변화

윤임중,임현우,노영만,오상용,정장영,임영,김경아 가톨릭 대학 산업의학 쎈타 산업의학연구소 1993 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.32 No.2

To access the effects of some drugs such as piperazine phosphare, azathioprine and allopurinol in the experimental pneumoconiosis, 263 rats weighted 240-320 gm was divided into the control and eight experimental groups. To each group, the turbid solution mixed free silica, talc and natural coal dust of 50 mg in 0.8 ml saline were instilled intratracheally. At the begining and 5th week of experiment, piperazine phosphate(8mg/week orally), aspirin(1.5mg/day intramuscularly), azathioprine(25mg/day orally) and allopurinol(1.5mg/day orally) were administered simultaneously, while the dust turbid solution was only given to the control group. For each group the change of body weight. dry right lung weight, cellularity including total cell, macrophage, lymphocyte and neurtrophil in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, superoxide ion, hydroxyproline, leukotriene B₄, tumor necrotsis factor, prostaglandin E₂were examined, and observed the pathological chages in lung tissue. The results were as follow : 1. The larger amount of their instilled dust and the longer observation period, the severer pathological findings were found in the lung tissue of each experimental group. 2. The body and dry right lung wight was not significantly changed in the experimental groups compared with the control group. 3. The number of total cell in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was markedly less in the experimental group than the control one, while no significant difference was found in the percent alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes in both groups. However, the percent of neutrophiles was usually lower than in the control group. 4. The amount of superoxide ion was frequently less in the experimental group compared with the control one. 5. The amount of hydroxyproline was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control one. 6. The amount of leukotriene B₄was usually less in the drug administered group than in the control one. 7. The amount of tumor necrotic factor was also frequently lower in each experimental group than in the control one. 8. The amount of prostaglandin E₂was usually higher in each experimental group than in the control one.

수유 요인에 따른 유치열의 치면별 우식패턴

임경욱,이광희,라지영,안소연,김윤희 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

연구목적은 모유 또는 분유 섭취 시 나타나는 유치열의 치면별 우식패턴에 차이가 없으며 수유기간에 따른 차이도 없다는 가설을 검증하는 것이었다. 익산시, 청주시, 울산광역시의 36-71 개 월 어린이 815명을 대상으로 구강검사로 치면별 우식경험도를 조사하고, 보호자들을 대상으로 설문지 조사법으로 모유와 분유 중에서 생후 1년간 주로 수유한 것과 수유 기간을 조사하였다. 모유군과 분유군 간 우식경험유치면수(dmf)의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 모유군에서 분유군보다 우식경험도가 더 높았던 유치군은 상악 유전치이었고, 유치면군은 상악 유전치 협설면과 인접면이었으며, 유치는 상악 유절치와 상하악 제2유구치이었고, 유치면은 상악 유중절치의 협면과 원섬면, 상악 유측절치의 협설면, 인접면, 상악 제2유구치의 설면, 인접면, 교합면, 하악 제2유구치의 협면, 원심면이었다. 모유군에서 수유기간이 증가함에 따라 우식경험유치면수가 증가한 유치군은 상악 유전치와 상악 유구치이었고, 유치면군은 상악 유전치의 인접면, 상악 유구치의 협설면, 인접면, 교합면, 하악 유구치의 인접면이었으며, 유치는 상악 유전치, 상악 유구치, 하악 제 2유구치이었고, 유치면에서는 상악 유전치의 인접면, 상악 제 1유구치의 협설면, 인접면, 교합면, 상악 제 2유구치의 협면, 하악 제 2유구치의 근심면이었다. 분유군에서는 수유기간 3년 이상에서 우식경험유치면수가 증가하였으나 차이가 유의하지 않았다. 수유와 관련되어 발생하는 상악 유절치의 중증 유아기 우식증은 분유를 수유하는 경우보다 모유를 수유하는 경우에 더 많이 발생하였다. 모유 수유를 2년 이상 하는 경우에는 상악 유절치의 우식 예방을 위한 조치가 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tooth surface caries patterns in the primary dentition according to breast or bottle feeding. The subjects of study were 815 children, 36 to 71 months old, in Iksan, Cheongju and Ulsan cities. The caregivers of the children were asked which they fed between the breast milk and the infant formula during the 1st year after birth and the duration of feeding. There was no significant difference in dmfs between the breast milk group and the infant formula group(significance level 0.05, same below). Tooth groups, tooth surface groups, teeth, and tooth surfaces which had significantly higher dmfs in the breast milk group than in the infant formula group were upper anterior teethttooth groups), upper incisors' buccal and proximal surfacesttooth surface groups), upper incisors and upper second molars (teeth), upper central incisors' buccal and distal surfaces, upper lateral incisors' buccolingual and proximal surfaces, upper 2nd molars' lingual. proximal. and occlusal surfaces, and lower 2nd molars' buccal and distal surfaces. In the breast milk group, tooth groups, tooth surface groups, teeth, and tooth surfaces which dmfs significantly increased as the duration of the feeding increased were upper anterior teeth and upper molars (tooth groups), upper anterior teeth's proximal surfaces, upper molars' buccolingual, proximal, and occlusal surfaces, lower molars' proximal surfacesttooth surface groups), upper anterior teeth, upper molars, lower 2nd molars (teeth), upper anterior teeth's proximal surfaces, upper 1st molars' buccolingual, proximal. and occlusal surfaces, upper 2nd molars' buccal surfaces, and lower 2nd molars' mesial surfaces (tooth surfaces). In the infant formula group, dmfs increased after 3 years of feeding, but the difference was not significant. Caries prevention is necessary in case of breastfeeding more than two years.

반복성 단늑골 다지 증후군 1예

방성윤,최규연,박은희,강미경,김미경,이정재,이임순 순천향의학연구소 2005 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.11 No.1

Short-rib polydactyly syndromes(SRPS) comprise a group of rare, generally lethal skeletal dysplasias. This group is manifested by short-limb short stature, short ribs with thorasic hypoplasia, and polydactyly. This heterogenous group of recessively inherited disorder has distinct imaging findings and ancillary findings on both pre-and postnatal assessments may enable individual cases to be classified into one of four subtypes : SRPS Ⅰ(Saldino-Noonan); SRPS Ⅱ (Majewski); SRPS Ⅲ (Verma-Naumoff); and SRPS Ⅳ (Beemer-Langer)1,2,3). All forms of the SRPS described to date are thought to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. There are difficulties in the clssification of these disorders because of the frequent overlap. We experienced one case of recurrent short-rib polydactyly syndrome and presented with review of literature.

재래시장 운영 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 : -순천 중앙시장을 대상으로-

최윤홍,임창욱 호남대학교 2007 학술논문집 Vol.28 No.1

A conventional market of korea doesn't only have spatial function that is for our people to buy and sell as a ground of living but also a function that is economic, social, political and cultural function. Moreover, a conventional market is situated in the geographical center as a no deofa local development and we have understood importance that it is the hear to flocally economic activation as the power of local economy in the past and it is place for people too pe rate their living until the present. But Distribution industry structure and purchasing action of consumers have repeated a lot of the aspect of our society develop and change rapidly recently. Conventional market shave adjusted in their own way in this change but they can't try to find more strategic and more synthetic confronting strategy and continuation of conventional markets is in a difficult circumstance realistically according to advent of big distribution enterprises and new retail forms. Recently, the government, laboratory, local self-government, trade-people and commercial organization of everyplace study and stir actively for activation of conventional market. Form now on, it has to be based on participation of private enterprise and government and we will have to grope plan can maintain and develop appear an ces of traditional market.

지방대학 혁신역량강화(NURI)사업에 대한 고객조사 연구 : 문화산업전문인력양성사업단을 대상으로

최윤홍,임창욱 호남대학교 2007 학술논문집 Vol.28 No.1

This study is aimed to reflect participating student’s opinion prior to the establishment of 2ndbusinessplanforcultureindustryexperttrainingprojectteam. This study investigates the overall satisfaction level for NURI project and the six programs such as curriculum improvement program, student training and hand-on practice assistance program, school and company cooperated program, education program operation program, and scholarship program, based on the experience of anticipating in 1stproject. The necessity of this research, considering the characteristics of NURI project aiming to the education realization focusing on building infrastructure, revitalization of cooperation between school, R&D center and company, field adaptation, increasing creativity facility and instrument, is to discover the improvement factors and present future strategic targets and investigate preferable program in the future through finding out satisfied and dissatisfied factors in each project in order to lead active participation of the students who are the source of expert.