Alkaloids from the bulbs of Lycoris longituba and their neuroprotective and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities

Yun-Yun Zhu,Xue Li,Heng-Yi Yu,Yu-Fang Xiong,Peng Zhang,Hui-Fang Pi,Han-Li Ruan 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5

Three novel alkaloids (1–3), together withnineteen known ones (4–22), were isolated from the bulbsof Lycoris longituba. Their structures were elucidated onthe basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, which belongto several Amaryllidaceae alkaloid skeletons. Amongthem, the harmane-type alkaloids (the new compound 1and the known compounds 5, 6 and 7) were found for thefirst time from Lycoris genus. The isolates were tested fortheir neuroprotective activities against CoCl2, H2O2 andAb25–35-induced SH-SY5Y cell injuries, and the majorityof them exhibited neuroprotective activities of differentdegrees. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitoryactivities of the isolated alkaloids were also evaluated,while compounds 12, 14–20 and 22 exhibited extremelysignificant AChE inhibitory activities.

Prognostic Value of Coronary Artery Calcium in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Cohort

Shu Yun Heng,Jien Sze Ho,Seyed Ehsan Saffari,Zijuan Huang,Foong Koon Cheah,Siang Jin Terrance Chua,Yung Jih Felix Keng,Lohendran Baskaran,Swee Yaw Tan 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2021 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.5 No.3

Objective: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is associated with the presence of coronary atherosclerotic plaque and is a prognostic factor of cardiovascular events. CAC varies among ethnic groups in patients of the same age and gender. Studies on the prognostic value of CAC in a multi-ethnic Asian population have yet to be performed. We aim to study the association of CAC and ethnicity, all-cause mortality, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study with a multi-ethnic cohort aged 35–84 years from a single tertiary institution between 2007–2017. The individuals were all clinically referred for cardiac CT calcium scanning. CAC was determined by Toshiba Aquilion One 320 Multi-detector Row CT (Toshiba Medical System). Results: This study had 65% males at an average age of 55 years. In our multivariable analysis of 16561 individuals, CAC is generally higher in the Malay than Chinese ethnic group [odds ratio (OR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.10–1.55] and did not differ among Indians and Chinese (p=0.400). Increasing CAC was associated with higher all-cause mortality (OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.17–1.36) and AMI (OR=1.50, 95% CI=1.35–1.66) after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors. Incorporation of CAC into a model with known cardiovascular risk variables enhanced prediction of all-cause mortality [area under the curve (AUC)=0.78] and AMI (AUC=0.85). Conclusion: This study is the largest performed in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Malay ethnicity seems to confer a higher likelihood of coronary calcification compared to the Chinese and Indians. CAC was associated with higher all-cause mortality and AMI and complemented traditional cardiovascular risk factors in risk prediction, confirming its applicability in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

Cerebral Infarction as a Complication of Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

Yun Yeo Wook,정성진,You Sun Jin,Lee Dong Kyu,Lee Kyu Yong,한상웅,Jee Heng Ok,김호중 대한의학회 2004 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.19 No.2

Arterial thrombosis is relatively rare compared with venous thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome. However, the assessment of its pathogenesis and risk factors in indi-vidual patient with nephrotic syndrome is necessary to allow appropriate prophylactic management because it is a potentially serious problem. Hereby, with review of the literature, we report a case of a 53 yr-old man with cerebral infarction associated with nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis during the course of treatments with diuretics and steroid. It reveals that the hypercoagulable state in nephrotic syndrome can be associated with cerebral infarction in adults. Pro-phylactic anticoagulants can be considered to reduce the risk of serious cerebral infarction in nephrotic patients with risk factors such as severe hypoalbuminemia and on diuretics or steroid treatment, even in young patients regardless of types of underlying glomerular diseases.

Longitudinal Study of Diabetic Differences between International Migrants and Natives among the Asian Population

( Heng Piao ),( Jae Moon Yun ),( Aesun Shin ),( Belong Cho ) 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.1

Migration presents a substantial social and public health issue. However, it is unclear whether diabetes is worse among Asian migrants than natives of South Korea over time. This longitudinal study investigated the nationwide population, including 2,680,495 adults aged 20 years and older (987,214 Asian migrants and 1,693,281 natives), who received health check-ups, using the Korean National Health Insurance Service data (2009-2015). Joinpoint regression was used to estimate the annual percentage change of diabetes, and multivariable logistic regression was used to examine differences in incident type 2 diabetes between Asian migrants and natives adjusting for age, sex, economic status, body mass index, smoking status, any alcohol use, and physical activity. The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased among native men (from 8.8% in 2009 to 9.7% in 2015, APC=1.64, p<0.05) compared to Asian migrant men, and the age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased among native women (from 6.0% in 2009 to 6.7% in 2015, APC=1.88, p<0.05) compared to Asian migrant women. In the multivariate analyses, Asian migrants were less likely to get type 2 diabetes than natives (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.86) between the first and last health check-ups. However, the odds ratio for developing type 2 diabetes was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.20) among low-income levels compared to high-income levels, regardless of whether they were Asian migrants or natives. The results could help to establish a new strategy for prevention, treatment, and management of diabetes among the Asian population.

Magnetite for phosphorus removal in low concentration phosphorus-contained water body

Xiang, Heng,Liu, Chaoxiang,Pan, Ruiling,Han, Yun,Cao, Jing Techno-Press 2014 Advances in environmental research Vol.3 No.2

Magnetite was chosen as a typical adsorbent to study its phosphate adsorption capacity in water body with low concentration of phosphorus (below $2mg\;PL^{-1}$). Magnetite was collected from Luoyang City, Henan Province, China. In this research, three factors have been studied to describe the adsorption of phosphate on magnetite, which was solution concentration (concentration ranging from 0.1 to $2.5mg\;PL^{-1}$), suspension pH (1 to 13) and temperature (ranging from $10^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$). In addition, the modified samples had been characterized with XRD and FE-SEM image. The results show that iron ions contains in magnetite were the main factors of phosphorus removal. The behavior of phosphorus adsorption to substrates could be fitted to both Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption equations in the low concentration phosphorus water. The theoretical saturated adsorption quantity of magnetite is 0.158 mg/g. pH has great influence on the phosphorus removal of magnetite ore by adsorption. And pH of 3 can receive the best results. While temperature has little effect on it. Magnetite was greatly effective for phosphorus removal in the column experiments, which is a more practical reflection of phosphorous removal combing the adsorption isotherm model and the breakthrough curves. According to the analysis of heavy metals release, the release of heavy metals was very low, they didn't produce the secondary pollution. The mechanism of uptake phosphate is in virtue of chemisorption between phosphate and ferric ion released by magnetite oxidation. The combined investigation of the magnetite showed that it was better substrate for water body with low concentration of phosphorus.

Protein Microarray Characterization of the <i>S</i> -Nitrosoproteome

Lee, Yun-Il,Giovinazzo, Daniel,Kang, Ho Chul,Lee, Yunjong,Jeong, Jun Seop,Doulias, Paschalis-Thomas,Xie, Zhi,Hu, Jianfei,Ghasemi, Mehdi,Ischiropoulos, Harry,Qian, Jiang,Zhu, Heng,Blackshaw, Seth,Dawso The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecula 2014 Molecular and Cellular Proteomics Vol.13 No.1

<P>Nitric oxide (NO) mediates a substantial part of its physiologic functions via <I>S</I>-nitrosylation, however the cellular substrates for NO-mediated <I>S</I>-nitrosylation are largely unknown. Here we describe the <I>S</I>-nitrosoproteome using a high-density protein microarray chip containing 16,368 unique human proteins. We identified 834 potentially <I>S</I>-nitrosylated human proteins. Using a unique and highly specific labeling and affinity capture of <I>S</I>-nitrosylated proteins, 138 cysteine residues on 131 peptides in 95 proteins were determined, defining critical sites of NO's actions. Of these cysteine residues 113 are novel sites of <I>S</I>-nitrosylation. A consensus sequence motif from these 834 proteins for <I>S</I>-nitrosylation was identified, suggesting that the residues flanking the <I>S</I>-nitrosylated cysteine are likely to be the critical determinant of whether the cysteine is <I>S</I>-nitrosylated. We identify eight ubiquitin E3 ligases, RNF10, RNF11, RNF41, RNF141, RNF181, RNF208, WWP2, and UBE3A, whose activities are modulated by <I>S</I>-nitrosylation, providing a unique regulatory mechanism of the ubiquitin proteasome system. These results define a new and extensive set of proteins that are susceptible to NO regulation via <I>S</I>-nitrosylation. Similar approaches could be used to identify other post-translational modification proteomes.</P>

Comparing Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Asian Migrants and Native Koreans among the Asian Population

Piao Heng,Yun Jae Moon,Shin Aesun,Cho Belong,Kang Daehee 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.6

Assessing the health of international migrants is crucial in the Republic of Korea, Asia, and even worldwide. We compared the risk factors for non-communicable diseases among Asian migrants in Korea and the Korean population. This cross-sectional (2015) and longitudinal (2009-2015) observational study comprised a population-wide analysis spanning 2009 to 2015. Asian migrants (n=987,214) in Korea and Korean nationals (n=1,693,281) aged ≥20 were included. The Asian migrants were classified as Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese, and other. The prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (current smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension) were analyzed. Regarding the age-adjusted prevalence, direct age standardization was conducted separately by sex using 10-year age bands; the World Standard Population was used as the standard population. Among the participants aged ≥20, the age-adjusted prevalence of current smoking was higher among Chinese and other Asian migrant men than among Korean men and women (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was higher among Chinese, Filipino, and other Asian migrant women than in Korean women (p<0.001, p=0.002, and p<0.001, respectively). Among the participants aged 20-49, the age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was higher in Filipino migrant women than in Korean women (p=0.009 and p<0.001, respectively). Current rates of smoking and obesity were worse among Asian migrants of specific nationalities than among native Koreans. The health inequalities among Filipino migrant women in Korea, especially those aged 20-49, should be addressed.

Ovarian cancer risk score predicts chemo-response and outcome in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients

Hsiao-Yun Lu,Yi-Jou Tai,Yu-Li Chen,Ying-Cheng Chiang,Heng-Cheng Hsu,Wen-Fang Cheng 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.2

Objective: Cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is a standard frontlinetreatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We aimed to develop an ovarian cancer riskscore (OVRS) based on the expression of 10 ovarian-cancer-related genes to predict thechemoresistance, and outcomes of EOC patients. Methods: We designed a case-control study with total 149 EOC women including 75chemosensitives and 74 chemoresistants. Gene expression was measured using thequantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We tested for correlation between theOVRS and chemosensitivity or chemoresistance, disease-free survival (DFS), and overallsurvival (OS), and validated the OVRS by analyzing patients from the TCGA database. Results: The chemosensitive group had lower OVRS than the chemoresistant group (5 vs. 15, p≤0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). Patients with disease relapse (13 vs. 5, p<0.001, Mann Whitney U test) or disease-related death (13.5 vs. 6, p<0.001) had higher OVRS than thosewithout. OVRS ≥10 (hazard ratio=3.29; 95% confidence interval=1.94–5.58; p<0.001) was theonly predictor for chemoresistance in multivariate analysis. The median DFS (5 months vs. 24 months) and OS (39 months vs. >60 months) of patients with OVRS ≥10 were significantlyshorter than those of patients with OVRS <9). The high OVRS group also had significantlyshorter median OS than the low OVRS group in 255 patients in the TCGA database (39 vs. 49months, p=0.046). Conclusions: Specific genes panel can be clinically applied in predicting the chemoresistanceand outcome, and decision-making of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Sociable Kitchen: Interactive Recipe System in Kitchen Island

Tsai-Yun Mou,Tay-Sheng Jeng,Chun-Heng Ho 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.3 No.2

Kitchen as a space for social interaction and communication has been neglected in current HCI design. Most researches on kitchen mainly focus on cooking activities, so to correct human’s frailties become main development in HCI research. Here instead of creating some artifact to improve working activities in the kitchen, we direct our study to design a system that aims to increase social interactions and communications among people. A tangible interactive recipe system embedded in kitchen island was introduced and evaluated. The results indicate that visual representation of dishes could facilitate people’s share of experiences and positive responses toward each other. A record of people’s favorite foods could also make food preparation easier and understand others’ preferences. Moreover, people enjoyed the intuitive way of the system’s interaction. Nevertheless, although people made some flavor changes in their final decision, people commented on lacking of personal creativity in current system. Further implications on sociable design are discussed in this study.

Improving Video Transmission in Software Defined Wired and Wireless Networks using Multi-Path Transmission

Chih-Heng Ke,Yeong-Sheng Chen,Yun-Shuai Yu 한국통신학회 2017 Journal of communications and networks Vol.19 No.6

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the studyof applying software defined networks to improve video transmission. Compared with the existing studies which focus on a wirednetwork, this study proposed a multi-path transmission mechanismfor improving the performance of transmitting videos from awired network to a wireless one in a software defined network environment. In the proposed mechanism, a mobile host could applynetwork bonding to integrate several physical or virtual wirelessnetwork modules, each of which was connected to a different accesspoint, into a combined device. Thus, multiple wireless links ofthe mobile host could be established and hence multiple transmissionpaths from the video source in the wired network to the mobilehost were derived. In addition, different amount of video packetswere allocated onto different transmission paths so as to maximizethe performance of the multi-path transmission. According to theresults of our experiments, the proposed mechanism can enhancethe performance of transmission in terms of Peak Signal to NoiseRatio (PSNR).