변색 실활치에 대한 carbamide peroxide gel의 표백효과

박선아,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,윤창,박영준,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatement that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatement, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide. The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching. The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter. The results were as follows : 1. L^* and ΔE^* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01). 2. There was no significant difference in L^* and ΔE^* value among bleaching agents. 3. Δ^* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively. These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.

유아의 또래간 인기도와 대인문제해결력 및 친사회적 행동에 관한 연구

김윤아,전예화 인제대학교 아동ㆍ가족복지연구소 1998 아동ㆍ가족복지연구 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate among children, divided into two groups - popular and unpopular - after a popularity test done by themselves, if there are any differences between these two groups in the (inter)personal problem-solving ability and in the prosocial behavior which is evaluated by teachers after individual questionnaires. We will also try to find out if there are any relations between personal problem-solving ability and prosocial behavior. The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, there is among children's peers meaningful difference statistically between popularity and personal problem-solving ability. Second, there is meaningful difference statistically between popularity and prosocial behavior among children's peers. Third, there is no meaningful relation between personal problem-solving ability and prosocial behavior.

정밀토양도와 위성영상에 의한 토지피복도를 이용한 공간유출해석

이윤아,김성준 건국대학교 농업자원개발연구소 2000 農資源開發論集 Vol.22 No.-

The objective of this study is to identify the applicability of land cover image classified by remotely sensed data : Landsat TM merged by SPOT for hydrological applications. By comparing the classified land cover image with the statistical data, it was proved that they are agreed well with little errors. As a simple application, SCS runoff estimation was tested by varying rainfall intensity and AMC with soil map classified by hydrologic soil group.

가미과루해백황금탕의 항고지혈증 효과

정은아,김윤경,김남재,김동현,이상인 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2001 No.-

Gamigwaruhaebaekwhanggum-Tang (GGHWT) have been evaluated for antihyperlipidemic effects on experimental hyperlipidemic rats and mice induced by Triton WR-1339, corn oil and high cholesterol-diet. Especially, GGHWT is formulated with Trichosanthis Fructus, Pinelliae Tuber, Aurantii Immaturus Fructus, Magnoliae Cortex, Allii Macrostemi Bulbus, Cinnamomi Ramulus and Scutellariae Radix. Oral administration of GGHWT at 500 mg/kg/day for 3 days significantly inhibited the increase of serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol, liver triglyceride in hyperlipidemic rats induced by Triton WR-1339. And, GGHWT significantly inhibited the increase of serum triglyceride in hyperlipidemic rats induced by corn oil. Also, administration of GGHWT (500 mg/kg, once daily for 1 week, p.o.) prevented the increase of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, liver total cholesterol and triglyceride in 1% cholesterol-diet fed mice. These results suggest that GGHWT is effective for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

한방약물로부터 항고지혈증 치료약물개발(3) : In vitro에서 가미과루해백황금탕 및 구성약물의 항고지혈증 활성 Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Gamigwaruhaebaekwhanggum-Tang and Its Constituent Herbal Medicines in vitro

정은아,김남재,김윤경,김동현,이상인 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2001 No.-

80% extract of Gamigwaruhaebaekbaekju-Tang (GGHBT), Gagamgwaruhaebaekbaekju-Tang (GGGHBT) and Gamigwaruhaebaekwhanggum-Tang (GGHWT) remarkably showed inhibitory effects on HMG-CoA reductase, lipid peroxidation of rat liver and LDL oxidation, and DPPH free radical scavenging effect in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, GGHWT which is formulated with Trichosanthis Fructus, Pinelliae Tuber, Aurantii Immaturus Fructus, Magnolia Cortex, Allii Macrostemi Bulbus, Cinnamomi Ramulus and Scutellariae Radix on the basis of Gwaruhaebaekbaekju-Tang listed on the traditional medicinal references showed more effective hypocholesterolemic activities in vitro bioassay than the other prescriptions.

Interleukin-1β에 의하여 치주인대세포에서 유리된 cytokine이 파골세포형성에 미치는 영향

이종갑,곽월아,유윤정,이승일,김태선 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

Tooth movement is induced by bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment. Bone remodeling is regulated by various cytokines. Especially interleukin-1 (IL-1β), a cytokine present in periodontal ligaments of experimentally moved teeth, elicits bone resorption. In these processes, IL-1-induced bone resorption is mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating fector (GM-CSF) secreted from osteoblasts. Periodontal ligament cells, which function as an anchorage for tooth, lie between alveolar bone and cementum. Therefore cytokines produced in the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells may also directly affect alveolar bone resorption in orthodontic tooth movement. Here I have examined whether PDL cells express IL-1β,interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA and secrete those cytokines in response to IL-1β. Finally I have investigated whether IL-6 produced from PDL cells induces osteoclast formation in mouse bone marrow cell cultures. The expression of mRNA was estimated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The concentration of cytokines was quantified using enzyme linked immunosorbent method and the osteoclasts in bone marrow cultures were identified by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain. As results of these studies, IL-1βstimulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF mRNA in PDL cells. 0.05 ng/ml IL-1βalso induced maximum production of Il-6 and GM-CSF in these cells. After an addition of IL-1β(0.05 ng/ml), IL-6 production increased from 2 hours to 8 hours and GM-CSF production also increased from 4 hours to 8 hours. IL-6 (100 ng/ml) increased the number of TRAP positive multinucleated cells in the presence of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R, 100 ng/ml). These results suggest that IL-1βmay stimulate alveolar bone resorption by inducing IL-6 and GM-CSF production in PDL cells which enhance osteoclast differentiation and IL-6 enhances osteoclast formation in the presence of sIL-6R. And this process by IL-1βmay be closely associated with alveolar bone resorption induced by orthodontic force.

소집단 놀이활동이 자폐성향 아동의 사회적 상호작용 행동에 미치는 영향

심미경,김윤아 인제대학교 아동가족복지연구소 2001 인간환경복지연구 Vol.1 No.1

This study was to verify the effects of small group play activities on social interactive behavior of an autistic child. The subject was integrated in an ordinary classroom of a childcare center. The program for improving his social interaction was developed by researchers and administered to the subject with 3 of normal peers. The program was applied 3 to 4 times in a week for 20 to 30 minutes in the morning free play time. From observations for 11 weeks, targeted behavior and anecdotal report were collected, which were done through the stage of baseline, small group play activities, and the first and the second following periods. The list of targeted behavior was consisted of 9 types of behavior, classified to 4 categories. The frequency and the percentage of the behaviors were calculated and the results were presented in tables and figures. The results were as follows: First, the autistic child gradually changed the targer of social interaction from himself to toys and peers or his teacher. Second, the types of social interaction of the autistic child improved in the aspect of quality, i.e. isolated from peers to approaching, from passive behavior to active with teacher or peers. These results were discussed in terms of the need of systematic educational plan for integrated disordered children rather than physical integration simply to increase the effect of inclusion in special educations.

침 시술로 발생한 Non-O1, Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae에 의한 패혈증

임태섭,지아영,이중희,장수연,김인수,김영주,김범경,김승업,박준용,안상훈,한광협,김도영 Ewha Womans University School of Medicine 2013 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.36 No.S

Vibrio cholerae is mainly known to cause gastrointestinal infection after seawater exposure or raw seafood intake. It is rarely reported to cause cellulitis or sepsis, but threre has been no known case after acupuncture. Herein, We report a 56-year-old cirrhotic patient of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae septicemia caused by cellulitis of both lower extremities after acupuncture.

우리나라 지역 직업성질환 감시체계의 현황과 전망

임종한,장성실,김성아,문재동,채창호,홍윤철,김수영,김진석,김영욱,한상환,이혜숙,원종욱,송동빈,하은희,강성규 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

기존의 특수건강진단과 작업환경측정을 통한 직업병 관리가 진폐증, 소음성난청 등의 소수 특정질환에 국한되고 실제 직업병 발생 규모 파악이나 신종 직업병의 발견에 한계를 보인다는 사실은 산업의학전문가들 사이에서도 공감을 이루고 있다. 미국과 영국 등에서의 직업성질환 감시체계에 대한 경험은 우리 나라의 직업성질환 감시체계 구축에도 새로운 자극제가 되면서, 1998년이후 인천, 대전, 여천, 구미, 부울경 지역에서 지역 직업성질환감시체계를 산업보건관리의 중요한 시스템으로 구축하려는 노력이 확산되고 있다. 새로이 구축되어지는 이들 지역 직업성질환 감시체계는 감시하고자 하는 대상질환, 활용 가능한 인적자원 및 자료원, 지역 의료체계의 특수성 등에 따라서 목적과 방법을 달리하면서 독특한 형태로 발전을 하고 있다. 각 지역단위 감시체계들이 그 상황에 맞게 독특한 목적과 전략들을 발전 시키면서도, 향후 발전할 국가적인 차원의 직업성질환 감시체계 구축을 위하여 직업성질환 감시의 기본 전략 등을 공유하는 등의 노력이 필요하다. 환례 정의 및 기본적인 등록 서식의 공유, 직업성질환 감시 자료원의 발굴, 공동의 정보 네트워크 및 직업성질환 감시 데이터베이스 구축 등 직업성질환 감시활동을 지원하기 위한 여러 기초 인프라 구축에 힘을 모아야 할 것이다. 우리 나라에서 직업성질환 감시체계를 성공적으로 구축하기 위해서는 수집된 자료의 질 관리를 위한 직업성질환 감시의 원칙 제정과 감시 전략의 공유 등이 필요하며, 전국적인 직업성질환 감시체계의 하부구조라고 할 수 있는 지역감시체계의 기초 토대 마련과 강화작업이 절실하게 필요하다.

미국과 영국의 직업성질환 감시체계

강성규,송재철,홍윤철,김성아 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

직업병을 제대로 예방하기 위해서는 첫 단계로 직업병 발생현황을 정확하게 파악하여야 하는데, 우리나라는 근로자 특수건강진단과 공공보험으로서 산재보험이 있음에도 불구하고 일부 직업병에 대해서는 그 현황을 제대로 파악하지 못하고 있다(강성규 등,2000b) 우리나라의 현재 제도로 잘 파악되지 않는 직업병으로는 천식과 같이 소견은 없으면서 증상이 있거나, 근골격계질환이나 피부질환 같이 유병기간이 짧거나, 암과 같이 발병 후 질병이 계속하여 진행되는 것들이다(강성규 등, 2000a) 이러한 질병에 이환된 근로자는 현실적으로 접근이 어려운 특수건강진단기관의 의사나 산업보건의를 찾기보다는 일반 병원에 방문하여 임상의사의 진료를 받게 된다. 이때 임상의사나 근로자가 질병과 직업과의 관련성을 생각할 수 있다면 산재요양신청을 하게 되고 산재통계에서 공식적으로 직업병으로 집계될 수 있을 것이다. 그러나,실제적으로는 이렇게 진행되는 경우는 거의 없기 때문에 많은 직업병들이 발견되지 않고 있다. 설사, 근로자가 질병이 직업적 노출이나 환경에 의해 발생하였다고 생각한다 하더라도 산재요양에서 얻는 이득이 현 직업을 유지해서 얻는 이득보다 크다는 확신이 서지 않으면 선뜻 산재요양신청을 하지 않을 것이고, 주변에 이러한 사실이 알려지는 것도 꺼리게 될 것이다.직업병감시체계의 첫 번째 목적은 위와 같은 이유로 감추어진 직업병을 통계로 끌어내어 그 크기와 요인을 파악하는 것이다. 규모를 파악한다면 예방우선 순위를 설정하는데 도움을 얻을 것이고, 요인을 파악한다면 구체적인 예방전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다. 경우에 따라서는 각 개개 사례에 대한 중재를 시도할 수 있을 것이다.직업병에 대한 법적인 보고 의무는 미국과 영국에서 모두 시도하고 있지만, 실제 보고되는 비율은 크지 않다. 오히려, 전문가들이나 산업보건 관계자들이 자율적으로 시도하는 보고체계에서 더 풍부하고 좋은자료를 얻고 있다. 우리나라에서도 현재 법적으로 하고 있는 근로자 건강진단 자료를 감시체계의 한 축으로 활용하고, 다른 한편으로는 의사, 보건관리자, 특수건강진단 기판이 참여하는 직업병감시체계를 구축할 수 있다면, 직업병 예방과 근로자 건강보호라는명제에 한 걸음 더 쉽게 다가갈 수 있을 것이다.