http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Effect of solution properties on nanofibrous structure of electrospun poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
You, Young,Lee, Seung Jin,Min, Byung-Moo,Park, Won Ho Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2006 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.99 No.3
<P>Electrospinning of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in chloroform or 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) was investigated, focusing on its solution parameters, to develop nonwoven biodegradable nanofibrous structures for tissue engineering. PLGA nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning of 15 wt % PLGA solution and the resulting average fiber diameters were varied with the range of 270–760 nm, depending on solution property. When small amounts of benzyl triethylammonium chloride (BTEAC) was added to the PLGA/chloroform solution, the average diameter was decreased from 760 to 450 nm and the fibers were densely amounted in a straight shape. In addition, the average fiber diameter (270 nm) of nanofibers electrospun from polar HFIP solvent was much smaller than that (760 nm) of nanofibers electrospun from nonpolar chloroform solvent. Therefore, it could be concluded that conductivity or dielectric constant of the PLGA solution was a major parameter affecting the morphology and diameter of the electrospun PLGA fibers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1214–1221, 2006</P>
쇼핑 공간의 이미지 성찰을 위한 다큐멘터리 전략 - 하룬 파로키의 <쇼핑 세계의 창조자들>을 중심으로
임유영 ( Lim¸ You-young ) 한국독일언어문학회 2021 독일언어문학 Vol.- No.93
이 논문은 다큐멘터리 영화 <쇼핑 세계의 창조자들>의 분석을 통해 현대 자본주의 소비사회의 상품 이미지에 대한 하룬 파로키의 예술적 사유 방식을 고찰하고 있다. ‘다이렉트 시네마’와 ‘시네마 베리테’는 파로키의 다큐멘터리 미학이 형성되는데 가장 큰 원동력으로 작용한다. 파로키는 ‘다이렉트 시네마’의 원칙에 따라 상황에 거리를 둔 채 열린 구성의 사실적 이미지를 통해 관객으로 하여금 환상을 깨고 진실에 다가가도록 한다. 또한 ‘시네마 베리테’의 경향에 따라 ‘소프트 몽타주’와 ‘파운드 푸티지 영화’의 형식을 취하기도 하는데, 이는 뚜렷한 질서가 부여되지 않는 파편적인 이미지 배열을 통해 관객 스스로 이미지 퍼즐의 해결을 찾도록 유도하기 위한 것이다. <쇼핑 세계의 창조자들>에서 파로키는 판매의 극대화를 목적으로 쇼핑 공간을 창조하는 과정을 고정된 카메라와 긴 쇼트를 통해 보여준다. 감독은 사건에 개입하지 않지만, 파편적인 이미지들(회의 장면, 설계도, 컴퓨터와 CCTV 화면)의 몽타주로 선형적인 서사구조를 의도적으로 파괴한다. 이것은 감시와 통제, 그리고 이미지 조작을 통해 소비자를 기만하는 자본주의 시스템의 은밀한 논리를 드러내고, 관객들이 이미지를 비판적으로 읽도록 하기 위한 파로키 특유의 다큐멘터리 전략에 따른 것이다. Dieser Beitrag untersucht Harun Farockis dokumentarische Filmtechnik zur Kritik des Warenbildes in der modernen kapitalistischen Konsumgesellschaft anhand seines Dokumentarfilms Die Schöpfer der Einkaufswelten. Dieser Dokumentarfilm ist eine Art ‘Beobachtungsfilm’, der ‘direct cinema’ und ‘cinéma vérité’ methodisch miteinander verbindet, um die Zuschauer zum Nachdenken und Reflektieren über die Wahrheit des Bildes aufzufordern. Dabei montiert Farocki in den Film fragmentierte Bilder mit der Technik der ‘Soft-Montage’ und des ‘Found-Footage Films’ ein, damit die Zuschauer die Rätsel der Bilder selbst lösen können. In Die Schöpfer der Einkaufswelten zeigt Farocki zudem mithilfe feststehender Kameras und langer Einstellungen realistisch den Prozess der Schaffung verschiedenster Einkaufsräume, die allesamt dem Ziel der Gewinnmaximierung dienen. Die lineare Erzählstruktur wird jedoch durch die zusätzliche Montage fragmentierter Bilder (Besprechungsszenen, Bauentwürfe, Computer- und CCTV-Bildschirme) bewusst zerstört. Dies entspricht Farockis dokumentarischer Strategie, die geheime Logik des kapitalistischen Systems aufzudecken, die Konsumenten durch Überwachung, Kontrolle und Bildmanipulation täuscht. Damit will Farocki die Zuschauer dazu bringen, die Bilder kritisch wahrzunehmen.
Antibacterial effects of carvacrol against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7
Youyoung Cho,이후장 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.3
The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicro- bial effects of carvacrol (CV) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) strains in milk. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CV against S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 were deter- mined. In addition, bactericidal kinetics and antimicrobial activity of CV against the aforementioned pathogens in milk over a period of 2 weeks were investigated. CV exhibited an- tibacterial activity against both foodborne pathogens tested. The MIC and MBC of CV against S. aureus were 15.0 and 20 mg/mL, respectively, whereas those against E. coli O157:H7 were 16.0 and 32 mg/mL, respectively. In time-kill assays, CV at MBC reduced the number of S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk to undetectable levels within 24 hr. The antibacterial effects of CV persisted for 14 days without any loss of activity. Results of this study suggest that CV has a potential antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens such as S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk.
Antibacterial effects of carvacrol against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7
Youyoung Cho, Hu-Jang Lee 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.3
The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of carvacrol (CV) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) strains in milk. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CV against S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 were determined. In addition, bactericidal kinetics and antimicrobial activity of CV against the aforementioned pathogens in milk over a period of 2 weeks were investigated. CV exhibited antibacterial activity against both foodborne pathogens tested. The MIC and MBC of CV against S. aureus were 15.0 and 20 mg/mL, respectively, whereas those against E. coli O157:H7 were 16.0 and 32 mg/mL, respectively. In time-kill assays, CV at MBC reduced the number of S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk to undetectable levels within 24 hr. The antibacterial effects of CV persisted for 14 days without any loss of activity. Results of this study suggest that CV has a potential antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens such as S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk.
Kim, Youyoung,Park, Juhyeon,Chang, Sukbok American Chemical Society 2016 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.18 No.8
<P>Ir(III)-catalyzed regioselective direct C-7 amidation of indoles in reaction with organic azides has been developed. While its efficiency was varied by the choice of N-directing groups, N-pivaloylindoles were most effective in undergoing the desired amidation at room temperature over a broad range of substrates. The reaction was scalable, and deprotection of the chelation group was also facile.</P>