Multiferroics in Charge Ordered Oxides

Young Sun,Tao Zou,Fen Wang,Yi Liu 한국자기학회 2010 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2010 No.12

Electrically Driven Phase Transition in Multiferroic LuFe2O4

Young Sun,Changhui Li,Yi Liu,Xiangqun Zhang,Zhaohua Cheng 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

자이나교의 성적 금욕론 (1) __‘성 긍정론’에 대한 비판을 중심으로__

양영순 ( Yang¸ Young Sun ) 인도철학회 2020 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.60

인도 종교의 브라흐마나 전통에서는 카마(kāma) 즉, 성적 욕망을 인간이 누릴 당연한 목적으로 긍정하지만, 출가 수행자들의 슈라마나 전통에서 카마는 윤회와 속박의 종자이다. 특히, 자이나교는 성스러운 행위 일반을 뜻하는 브라흐마차리야(brahmacarya, 梵行)를 성적 금욕으로 강조하여, 이를 5 대서약에 새롭게 추가할 정도로 중요한 수행 항목으로 부각시켰다. 본 논문의 목적은 성적 금욕을 중시하는 자이나교가 당대의 ‘성 긍정론’을 어떻게 경계하고 비판했는지 그 내용을 고찰하는 것이다. 성 긍정론은 크게 현세적 쾌락론과 종교적인 성적 수행론에서 나타나는데, 종교 내의 성 긍정론은 자이나교 내부에서도 나타나므로 각각 Ⅱ장, Ⅲ장, Ⅳ장에서 고찰한다. 성 긍정론에 관한 자이나교의 비판은 여러 문헌, 그중에서 하리바드라의 저작들에서 나타나며 유기적인 내용을 보여준다. 현세적 쾌락론은 당대 『카마수트라(KāS)』등의 각종 성애서에 노골적으로 드러나지만, 하리바드라의 『담마상가하니(DhS)』에서 5가지 논점으로 구성된 ‘성교 긍정론’의 주장과 비판이 나타난다. 카마, 특히 성교의 이점을 노골적으로 피력하는 가운데 마지막 다섯 번째 논점은 심지어 이렇게 유익한 성교를 출가자에게도 허용하라는 주장에까지 이른다. 이와 관련하여 출가자의 성욕에 대처 13종의 방법이 이미 기원후 1-2세기의 계율집 『비야바하라브하샤(VyB)』에서 6단계로서 나타나는데, 이는 이미 당대에 통용되던 카마의 10단계설을 전제한 내용으로 보인다. 하리바드라는 자이나 내부에서 논란이 되었을 출가자의 성교 허용론을 단호하게 배격한다. 이는 본고 Ⅲ장에서 다룬 그의 다른 저작 『요가드리슈티사무짜야(YDS)』에 드러난 당대 탄트리즘에서 거행한 성교 의례(maithuna)를 신랄하게 비판했던 관점과 논조를 유지한 것이다. In the Brāhmaṇa tradition of the Indian religion, the kāma, or sexual desire, is recognized as a natural purpose for human beings(puruṣārtha). But it was wickedness that must be overcome and cut off for the Śramaṇa tradition. Jainism emphasized the brahmacarya as sexual abstinence, highlighted it as an essential practice, and newly added to the Five Great Vow. Brahmacarya, who cuts off sexual desire, was regarded as a core value that should be kept like Śramaṇa, who was trying to cut off reincarnation(saṃsāra). This thesis aims to examine the criticisms of Jainism on contemporary sexual hedonism and sexual practice theory. The discussion of affirmation of sex appears mostly in hedonism and sexual practice of Tantrism. But the view of sexual affirmation in religion also appears in Jainism. So these are discussed in Chapters Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. The criticism of hedonism is divided into the criticism of the temporal hedonism and the hedonism allowed by religion. Most of them can be studied through texts of Haribhadra, in the 8th and 9th centuries. Temporal hedonism is explicitly revealed in various sexual books (Kāmaśāstra) such as Kāmasūtra. But a refutation on sexual hedonism consisting of five points in the Jaina literature, Dammasaṅghaṇi. In this text, the benefits of sexual intercourse are explicitly expressed, and the final fifth point is that even the monks are argued to allow intercourse with various advantages. Prior to the above literature, the theory of sexual permissiveness of monks already appeared in the six-stage view in Vyavahārabhāṣya, which can be said to be a monk's version of the ten-stage development theory of Kāma, which is already common at the time. Haribhadra firmly rejects this theory that monk also can be permitted sexual intercourse. And in another text Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya, he criticizes the ritual of sexual intercourse (maithuna) practised in Kaula tantric tradition. In addition, there are some interesting arguments that sexual intercourse should be prohibited in order to comply with Jain's first principle, the vow of Ahiṃsa. This will be considered with Jain's Brahmacarya-vrata in a later thesis.

The Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Asia-Pacifc Region

Youngsun Kim,Sanghoon Ji 한국신재생에너지학회 2019 AFORE Vol.2019 No.11

Temporal and Biomechanical Measurements of Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) Opening in Normal Swallowing

Youngsun Kim 한국언어청각임상학회 2009 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.14 No.1

Background & Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal and biomechanical differences of duration and width of the UES opening among people of different ages and genders during normal swallowing. Methods: Videotapes of videofluoroscopic swallowing examinations (VFSEs) of 69 normal subjects were analyzed. Results: Results yielded a significant effect for age between younger and older subjects for both duration of UES opening (DUESO) and maximum width of UES opening (MWUESO) (p < .01). No gender differences were observed. Discussion & Conclusion: These differences may be related to muscle weakness with aging. However, older subjects did not show aspiration. These normal data of UES opening will be used for comparisons with stroke patients who exhibit aspiration in future research.

[S12-3] Molecular Mechanisms of Soy Isoflavones on the Development of Atherosclerosis

Youngsun Song 한국식품영양과학회 2007 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2007 No.10

The advantages of early trauma team activation in the management of major trauma patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy

Youngsun Yoo,Seongpyo Mun 대한외과학회 2014 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.87 No.6

Purpose: Trauma team activation (TTA) has been shown to have fundamental impact on trauma patients" outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of use of a new TTA protocol in the management of major trauma patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy. Methods: The medical records of trauma patients who had been treated by the new TTA protocol (NT) over 18 months were compared with those of trauma patients treated by the old TTA protocol (OT) over 18 months. Comparisons between the two groups in terms of the time interval between accident and emergency room (ER) arrival, between ER arrival and CT scanning, between ER arrival and operating room (OR) presentation, between accident and OR presentation, mean intensive care unit (ICU) stay, mean hospital stay, mortality within 24 hours, mean mortality within one month, and overall mortality were performed using the Pearson chi-squared test and Student t-test. Results: The time interval between accident and ER arrival, between ER arrival and CT scanning, between ER arrival and OR presentation, and between accident and OR presentation was found to have decreased significantly with the use of NT compared to OT. However, the mean ICU stay, mean hospital stay, mortality within 24 hours, mortality within one month, and overall mortality were found not to have improved. Conclusion: While initiation of early TTA can shorten the time interval in the management of trauma patients, it may not improve patient outcomes.

Reduced-State MLSD Based on Volterra Kernels for Square-Law Detected Multipath Channels

( Youngsun Ha ),( Wonzoo Chung ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2011 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.5 No.12

We propose a novel reduced-state maximum-likelihood sequence detection (MLSD) structure using the Viterbi algorithm based on the second-order Volterra kernel modeling nonlinear distortion due to square law detection of multipath channels commonly occurring in chromatic dispersion (CD) or polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical communication systems. While all existing MLSD methods for square-law detection receivers are based on direct computation of branch metrics, the proposed algorithm provides an efficient and structured way to implement reduced-state MLSD with almost the same complexity of a MLSD for linear channels. As a result, the proposed algorithm reduces the number of parameters to be estimated and the complexity of computation.

Closed-Form Expression of Nakagami-Like Background Noise in Power-Line Channel

Youngsun Kim,Sungsoo Choi,Hui-Myoung Oh IEEE 2008 IEEE transactions on power delivery Vol.23 No.3

<P>A closed-form expression for the real part of background noise is derived for the power-line channel modeled by Nakagami probability density function. Simulation with various parameters shows the derived expression's validity. The closed-form expression can be of benefit to communication system designers in that it facilitates the design of optimum receiver and its performance evaluation.</P>

Principle of Transfusion in Perioperative Period

Youngsun Yoo 대한외과학회 2017 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2017 No.11