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Rapid cold hardening of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).
Park, Youngjin,Kim, Kwangho,Kim, Yonggyun Entomological Society of America 2014 Environmental entomology Vol.43 No.4
<P>Cold tolerance of the palm thrips, Thrips palmi Karny, was investigated to predict its survival in field during winter. Supercooling points of T. palmi were varied among the developmental stages and ranged from -26.4 to -18.4C. However, the cold injuries occurred above supercooling points in terms of higher mortality. The exposure to subzero temperatures (-5 to -15C) resulted in significant mortalities to all developmental stages of T. palmi. A preexposure to a low temperature (4C) for 7 h significantly increased the cold tolerance of all stages of T. palmi with respect to survival at -10C and supercooling capacity. The rapid cold hardening (RCH) was dependent on the duration of the preexposure period at 4C in adult stage. Polyol and sugar analysis using an high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that 4C preexposure caused accumulation of glycerol, trehalose, mannitol, and mannose in the adults. The increase in trehalose levels was more significant than the others. This study suggests that all stages of T. palmi are able to become cold-hardy by RCH, in which several polyols and sugars may play crucial roles as cryoprotectants.</P>
Youngjin Park,Mujin Kim,Janghyeok Yoon 대한산업공학회 2016 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.15 No.2
In a product environment where various product-service systems (PSSs) are already being provided, the provision of a different type of PSS is difficult for second movers but necessary for their sustainability and differentiation. Despite the importance of providing distinguishing PSSs to market, prior PSS studies have not effectively considered the influence of existing PSSs in their methods. In response, we suggest an approach to generate new PSS concepts by employing general needs (GNs) and business system evolution patterns (BSEPs). Our approach 1) identifies customer GNs fulfilled by existing PSSs, 2) generates advanced PSS ideas from an evolutionary perspective by mapping the existing PSSs onto BSEPs, and 3) selects PSS ideas that can meet the unfulfilled or insufficiently considered GNs using a GN-PSS linking matrix, thereby generating new PSS concepts based on the selected ideas. The workings and practicability of this approach are illustrated using a PSS case study of furniture industry. This approach would provide PSS planners with an ability to generate the differentiated PSS concepts that handle the customer needs that have been untapped throughout a product’s lifecycle. In addition, this approach as a module will have a synergetic effect when incorporated with other PSS methodologies.
Invasion of the Red Imported Fire Ants and Quarantine Action in Korea
Youngjin Park,Heung Sik Lee,Jong Ho Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04
The red imported fire ant (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta Buren) is defined as invasive species and one of 100 most threaten alien species in world by IUCN. In Korea, RIFA has been first detected at September 28th, 2017 in Busan Port during surveillance by Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA). The RIFA colony was revealed as a polygyne and H5 type through epidemiological analysis on Gp-9 gene and mt-DNA haplotype. APQA has developed eradication program for RIFA with enhanced surveillance in all nationwide Ports and Internal Container Depots. There are subsequently 7 times more invasions of RIFA in Ports (Busan, Pyongeaek, and Incheon) including 2 times of inlands (Daegu and Ansan) and completely eradicated so far. International trade and climate change increases possibility of establishment and spreading of RIFA in Korea. Therefore, it must be required an international cooperation for prevention of global spreading of RIFA between countries.
The never-ending story: Bt vs. Bt receptor
Youngjin Park,Yonggyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04
Evolution of resistance to entomopathogenic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), can potentially reduce the efficacy of insecticidal proteins from Bt to insect pests in fields. Bt resistance is involved in modification of the toxin binding to its specific midgut membrane receptors, such as cadherin, aminopeptidase N, alkaline phosphatase, and ABC transporters. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, is one of major lepidopteran insect pest in Korea and showed highly susceptible to Cry1Ca. We investigated the Cry1Ca toxicity with respect to its binding affinity to a Bt receptor, cadherin compared with Cry1Ac. RNA interference (RNAi) of a cadherin of S. exigua (SeCad1) significantly suppressed the Cry1Ca to the toxic level of Cry1Ac. Binding affinity of Cry1Ca to brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) of S. exigua midgut was significantly lost after SeCad1 RNAi. Binding affinity of Cry1Ac to BBMV was much low compared to that of Cry1Ca and less sensitive to SeCad1 RNAi. Direct binding assay of Cry toxins to SeCad1 was assessed using a recombinant cadherin repeat 10-11 (rCR10-11) of SeCad1. The addition to rCR10-11 to Cry1Ca significantly enhanced the toxicity under SeCad1 RNAi. However, the synergistic effect of rCR10-11 on toxicity of Cry1Ac was not much significant with poor binding affinity of Cry1Ac compared to Cry1Ca. These results indicate that the differential toxicity of Cry toxins against S. exigua is caused by the different affinities to the Bt receptor, cadherin.