김수영과 월트 휘트먼 비교연구

오영진 ( Oh Young-jin ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2013 국제어문 Vol.58 No.-

본 연구는 지금까지 가설로만 제기되었던 김수영 문학과 월트 휘트먼 문학의 관계를 밝혀내는 것을 목표로 한다. 몇 가지 신빙성 있는 단서들에도 불구하고 아직까지 이 주제에 대해 구체적인 접근시도가 없었던 이유는 양 시인의 작품 세계가 선명히 다르기 때문이다. 휘트먼은 풍요로운 미국의 자연풍경을 찬미하고, 시민들을 향해 사랑과 자유를 노래한 외향적인 시인인 반면, 김수영은 설움과 고독을 주된 정조로 주로 자신의 일상을 정직하게 반성하는 시를 주로 쓴 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 김수영이 초기부터 일관되게 주장하며 실천해온 `자유`나 `육체성`에 대한 강조, 보편세계를 지향하는 `사랑`이라는 주제의식에서는 휘트먼의 영향이 분명히 감지된다. 증언에 의하면 김수영은 그가 읽은 독서목록의 작가들을 최대한 자신의 방식으로 소화하려고 노력한 작가이다. 때문에 김수영은 휘트먼적 주제를 자신의 시대와 상황에 맞게 변용하여 소화했다고 볼 수가 있다. 본고는 김수영 문학에 휘트먼 문학을 겹쳐 읽어봄으로써 김수영 문학에 휘트먼이 끼친 영향과 그 변용양상을 살펴본다. 이를 위해 본고는 통상 휘트먼 문학의 특징이라고 정리된 몇 가지 주제를 통해 김수영 문학을 읽어본다. 첫째, 1인칭 화자강조-성인페르소나의 설정문제와 육체성의 강조문제를 통해 김수영 문학에 끼쳤을 월트 휘트먼의 영향력을 추리해보았다. 물론 각각의 쟁점들은 `너무 헐렁한 양복`이어서 누구나 맞춰 입을 수 있다는 단점을 보였다고 본다. 하지만 1인칭 화자강조-성인페르소나와 육체성의 강조문제는 월트 휘트먼 고유의 개성으로 이 두 요소가 김수영 문학에 동시에 나타나고 있다는 것이 주목할 만하다. 둘째, 분명한 차이점과 유사점을 발견하는 작업을 시도하였다. 주로 자연찬미나 이웃에 대한 사랑을 능동적으로 표현하는 월트 휘트먼에 비해 김수영은 고독이나 설움 같은 현대적인 주제에 열중한 면이 있었다. 반면, `사랑`이라는 주제가 수평적인 이미 저리로 펼쳐지는 양상에서는 양자 간 유사성이 드러났다고 할 수 있다. 카탈로그 식 열거는 월트 휘트먼 고유의 양식이라 할 수 있는데, 이는 단순히 리듬이나 수사적 효과를 위해 도입된 것이 아닌 `사랑`이라는 내용이 형식적으로 구현된 것으로 평가된다. 김수영의 경우도 「사랑의 변주곡」이나 「풀의 영상」, 「거대한 뿌리」 등의 비교적 후기의 걸작들이 이와 비슷한 수법과 주제의식을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 양자 간 관계를 실증적으로 추적하지 못했다. 그러나 위와 같은 결론을 통해 김수영이 월트 휘트먼적이라고 평가하는 데에는 모자람이 없다고 주장한다. This paper aims to find out the relationship between Kim Su-young and Walt Whitman on literature, which has been strongly hypothesized. Despite of some reliable clues, there have been no specific attempts to make this clear because their works seem to be different distinctly each other. As Whitman was an extroverted poet who glorified rich scenery of nature in America and sang love and freedom, Kim Su-young wrote poems which reflected everyday honestly, filled with sorrow and solitude. Kim Su-young, however, had constantly empathized and practiced `freedom` and `corporeity` from earlier works and an inquiry into the universality of `love`, which exactly showed an influence of Whitman to him. Some evidences show that Kim Su-young sought to absorb the authors he read. And Whitman was also possibly absorbed into Kim Su-young`s works, modified with the times and conditions in his unique way. This paper plans to examine influence of Whitman and modified aspect to Kim Su-young`s works as read works of Kim Su-young and Walt Whitman together. For that, this paper reads Kim Su-young through Whitman`s thought. Firstly, I payed attention to emphasis on establishment of the first person narrative-that is a saint persona and on corporeity. Each point seems like "loose clothing" so it looks like every answers possible though, it is worth underlying both first person narrative(a saint persona) and corporeity which were the unique aspect of Whitman present in Kim Su-young`s work at the same time. Secondly, I attempt to reveal apparent similarity and distinction. Comparing with Walt Whitman`s work which mainly expressed admiration to the nature and love-thy-neighbour actively, Kim Su-young`s works focused on the modern problems like solitude and sorrow. However, the way of expressing `love`, which is the main theme and is presented horizontal imagery, is apparently similar to each other. Catalog technic is a unique style of Whitman, and it is not simply for a rhythm or rhetorical effect but for an embodiment of `love`. In case of Kim Su-young`s late works, `Sarang-eh Byen-ju-gok`(Love Variation), `Pul-eh Young-sang` (Image of Grass), `Geo-dae-han Puri`(Great root), also show an identical technic and theme. This paper has limitations to look deeper the influential relationship between Kim Su-young and Walt Whitman empirically. But the influential relationship from Whitman to Kim Su-young would come up in the conclusion.

Combustion characteristics of gaseous inverse O₂/H₂ coaxial jet flames in a single-element model combustor

Kim, Tae Young,Choi, Sun,Kim, Young Hoo,Ahn, Yeong Jong,Kim, Hee Kyung,Kwon, Oh Chae Elsevier 2018 ENERGY Vol.155 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To effectively design hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>)/oxygen (O<SUB>2</SUB>) liquid rocket engines through understanding the combustion characteristics of H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellants, fundamental studies for the bipropellants in different phases are needed. This study is focused on the combustion characteristics of inverse gaseous O<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB> coaxial jet flames in a single-element model combustor as a preliminary step for succeeding studies of injection at different phases in the combustor, visualizing flame structure by direct imaging, OH<SUP>∗</SUP> chemiluminescence and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence. With increasing Reynolds number (Re), the frequency of occurrence of the local flame extinction increases and the length of the disconnected OH reaction zone is extended. The OH layer thickness increases downstream, while it is almost constant where the local flame extinction occurs and decreases with increasing Re due to the enhanced strain and scalar-dissipation rates. The excessive flame wrinkledness increases the local flame strain rate and results in the local flame extinction, exhibiting the tendency of increasing and then decreasing flame surface density with increasing Re. The probability density function of OH intensity quantifies the fluctuation intensity of OH radicals and the possibility of the local flame extinction. A useful database is provided for modeling the combustion of H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellants under different phases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A useful database for modeling the H<SUB>2</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> bipropellant combustion is provided. </LI> <LI> Local flame extinction frequently occurs at high Reynolds number (<I>Re</I>). </LI> <LI> OH probability density function indicates the possibility of local extinction. </LI> <LI> Flame surface density increases and then decreases with increasing <I>Re</I>. </LI> <LI> Strong burning of O<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB> causes laminar-like combustion near the injector lip. </LI> </UL> </P>

생명과학 수업이 유아의 자연친화지능과 과학적 탐구능력에 미치는 영향

이희수,오영희 培材大學校 人文科學硏究所 2011 人文論叢 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of the study was to provide the basic materials of scientific educational program suitable to young children by showing the effects of life science teaching on young children's naturalist intelligence and scientific inquiring ability. Research issue 1. What are the effects of life science teaching on young children's naturalist intelligence? Research issue 2. What are the effects of life science teaching on young children's scientific inquiring ability? 2-1. What are the effects of life science teaching on the children's ability to predict of the children's scientific investigation? 2-2. What are the effects of life science teaching on the children's ability to observe of the children's scientific investigation? 2-3. What are the effects of life science teaching on the children's ability to classify of the children's scientific investigation? 2-4. What are the effects of life science teaching on the children's ability to measure of the children's scientific investigation? 2-5. What are the effects of life science teaching on the children's ability to discuss of the children's scientific investigation? The target groups of the study are a class of twelve children of 4 years old who are total 24 students of two different day care centers in Daejeon City. The children of the experimental group, A, in one daycare center have been instructed with the life science teaching for the science activity for 16 weeks, while the control group, B, in a different day care center, have been instructed the standard of child care process for the science activity. The measurement of young children's naturalist intelligence and scientific inquiring ability had been used 'the multiple intelligence test (PMIT-E) for preschoolers' and 'the testing instrument of scientific inquiring ability'. To know the difference of their naturalist intelligence between the experimental group and the control group, the research material collected through such a testing instrument had been verified the corresponding sample, t and to know the difference of their scientific inquiring ability, the significance had been verified through the application of ANCOVA. The crucial result on the study is as follows. Firstly, the children who were instructed with the life science teaching statistically significantly improved the young children's naturalist intelligence more than the children who were not instructed with the life science teaching. Therefore, life science teaching has a positive effect on improving young children's naturalist intelligence. Secondly, the result after the study is that the life science teaching has a considerable effect on scientific inquiring ability. The experimental child group experienced a significantly noticeable point increase statistically compared to that of the opposing group. Therefore, life science teaching has a positive effect on improving young children's scientific inquiring ability. Therefore, life science teaching has an effective class on young children's naturalist intelligence and scientific inquiring ability.

전래놀이 동요를 활용한 집단 놀이가 유아의 대인문제 해결사고에 미치는 영향

오영희,김주현 배재대학교 인문과학연구소 2005 人文論叢 Vol.22 No.-

The object of this study is to provide base data of more effective utilization of traditional play songs through analyzing the effect of group activities using traditional play songs on young children's interpersonal problem thinking. For this purpose, we selected two kindergartens in Daejeon and prepared control and experimental groups with 31 of 4-5 year-olds in each group. For the experimental group, we had conducted group activities using traditional play song for 12 weeks. As a result, the experimental group's score of interpersonal problem thinking area was higher than that of control group. Therefore it is obvious that group activities using traditional play songs give positive effect to the thinking of alternative problem solving and prediction of consequence which are sub-capabilities of interpersonal problem thinking. In this study, we set problems and hypothesis as followings to investigate the effect of the group activities using traditional play songs on young child's thinking of alternative problem solving: 1. Do the activities using traditional play songs give effect to the capability of interpersonal problem solving of young child? 2. Do the activities using traditional play songs give effect to the thinking of alternative problem solving of young child? 2-1 There would be meaningful difference between two groups in thinking of alternative problem solving. 2-2 There would be meaningful difference between two groups in positive alternative solution of the problem. 3. Do the activities using traditional play songs give effect to the thinking of consequence prediction of young child? 3-1 There would be meaningful difference between two groups in the thinking of consequence prediction. 3-2 There would be meaningful difference between two groups in the method of consequence prediction.

Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

메탄/공기 층류 부분예혼합화염의 상세 라디칼(OH*, CH* 그리고 C₂*) 정보와 배기매출물에 관한 실험적 연구

정용기,오정석,전충환,장영준,Jeong Yong Ki,Oh Jeong Seog,Jeon Chung Hwan,Chang Young June 대한기계학회 2005 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.29 No.2

An experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of partially premixing, varying the equivalence ratios from $0.79{\sim}{\infty}$, on NOx emissions and chemiluminescence of excited $OH^{\ast},\;CH^{ast}\;C_2^{\ast}$ radicals in laminar partially premixed flames. the signal from the electronically excited state of $OH^{\ast},\;CH^{ast}\;C_2^{\ast}$ was detected through a band pass filter with a photo multiplier tube, which are processed to the intensity ratio ($C_2^{\ast}/CH^{\ast},\;C_2^{\ast}/OH^{\ast},\;and\;CH^{\ast}/OH^{\ast}$) to reveal the correlation with local equivalence ratio. And measurements of NOx emission were made to investigate the relationship between visible flame appearance, chemiluminescence, and EINOX. The results demonstrated that (1) the flames at ${\phi}<1.59$ exhibited classical double flame structure, at ${\phi}>4.76$, the flames exhibited diffusion flame structure, and the intermediate flames at $1.59<{\phi}<4.76$ was a merged flame, (2) the $OH^{\ast}$ peak was located inside the $CH^{\ast}\;and\;C_2^{\ast}$ radical for all measured conditions and the emission intensity ratio of $C_2^{\ast}/CH^{\ast}\;and\;C_2^{\ast}/OH^{\ast}$ were identified as good marker for local equivalence ratio over a range of ${\phi}=0.79{\sim}1.2\;and\;CH^{\ast}/OH^{\ast}\;is\;0.79<{\phi}<1.9$. However, it was difficult to predict the equivalence ratio in partially premixed flames using this system for ${\phi}>2.38$, (3) the minimum NOX emission index (EINOx) is obtained for a equivalence ratio of 3.19 in the intermediate flames.

노년기 주관적 연령과 건강노화와의 관계: 연령집단별 분석

최은영 ( Choi Eun Young ),조성은 ( Cho Sung Eun ),오영삼 ( Oh Young Sam ),장희수 ( Chang Hee Su ),김영선 ( Kim Young Sun ) 한국보건사회연구원 2017 保健社會硏究 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노년기 주관적 연령(스스로를 노인 혹은 비(非)노인으로 인지하는지 여부)과 건강노화와의 관계를 연령집단에 따라 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2014년 노인실태조사 대상자 중 연소노인(65~74세)과 고령노인(75~84세)을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 연구의 주목적인 주관적 연령과 건강노화 간의 관련성을 검증하기 위해 연소노인 및 고령노인 집단별로 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 관계는 연령집단별로 다른 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 연소노인에서 주관적 연령이 비(非)노인인 경우, 높은 수준의 인지기능과 적은 만성질환 수, 낮은 수준의 우울, 그리고 높은 수준의 사회활동 참여를 보이는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 반면, 고령노인인 경우 주관적 연령은 인지기능을 제외하고 건강노화의 다른 세 요소와 유의미한 관련이 없었다. 본 연구는 주관적 연령을 건강노화의 새로운 고려요소로 제시하여, 두 요소의 관련성을 통합적인 차원에서 살펴보았다는 의의가 있다. 또한 노인을 연령대에 따라 구별된 집단으로 살펴봄으로써, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 연관성이 연령집단마다 상이한 양상을 보임을 밝혔다는 의의를 가진다. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between subjective age (whether one subjectively perceives himself as `the elderly` or `not the elderly`) and healthy aging. Using data from the 2014 National Elderly Survey (KIHASA), this study selected a total of 9,653 participants consisting of young-olds (aged 65-74) and old-olds (aged 75-84) For both the young-old and the old-old, multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the research model. In the young-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was significantly associated with higher cognitive functioning, fewer chronic diseases, lower depressive symptoms, and higher level of social engagement. On the other hand, in the old-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was associated only with higher cognitive functioning, and not with the other domains of healthy aging. The findings suggest that subjective age can be considered as an important predictors of older adults` healthy aging. These findings indicate that the association between subjective age and healthy aging has a different pattern depending on the age group.

연령집단에 따른 노인의 허약(Frailty) 예측요인 분석

조성은 ( Cho Sung Eun ),최은영 ( Choi Eun Young ),오영삼 ( Oh Young Sam ),김영선 ( Kim Young Sun ),김성복 ( Kim Seong Bok ) 한국보건사회연구원 2017 保健社會硏究 Vol.37 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 연령집단에 따른 허약의 예측요인을 분석하는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 위해 2014년 노인실태조사를 사용하여 총 4,123명을 분석의 대상으로 설정하였다. 허약을 예측하는데 있어 연령의 중요성을 고려하여, 본 연구는 대상자를 75세 이상 85세 미만의 중 고령노인집단(n=3,373명)과 85세 이상의 초 고령노인집단(n=750명)으로 분류하여 연구모형을 검증하였다. 중 고령노인집단에서 전 허약노인과 허약노인은 각각 1453명(약 43%), 1,268명(약 37%)으로 나타났으며, 초 고령노인 집단에서 전 허약과 허약노인은 304명(약 40%), 396명(약 52%)으로 나타났다. 회귀분석의 결과 건강단계에서 허약전 단계로 진입하는 예측요인은 중 고령노인집단에서는 여성, 낮은 교육수준, 많은 만성질환, 낙상 유경험자, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 허약 전 단계를 예측하는 유의한 변인으로 밝혀졌으며 초 고령노인집단은 여성, 높은 우울, 낮은 사회활동이 유의한 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 허약 전 단계에서 허약 단계로의 진입을 예측하는 요인으로는 중 고령노인집단은 여성, 높은 연령, 미취업, 많은 만성질환, 낙상 유경험자, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 유의한 변인이었으며, 초 고령노인 집단은 높은 연령, 많은 만성질환, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 유의한 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 연령의 세분화와 다각적인 요인의 접근으로 허약의 예측요인을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구를 통해 밝혀진 예측요인은 추후 허약에 대한 다각적 연구의 기초자료로서 활용되리라 기대한다. This study aims to investigate the predictors of frailty in different age groups. To address this purpose, this study used the 2014 Survey of the Living Conditions of the Elderly (SLCE). In the research model, 4,123 older adults aged 75 and older were included from the SLCE. All participants were subdivided into two age groups based on their age; the young old group (75-85) and the old-old group (85+). The young old group consisted of 1,453 (43%) pre-frail older adults and 1,268 (37%) frail older adults; the old-old group consisted of 304 (40%) pre-frail older adults and 396 (52%) frail older adults. Our regression analysis showed that in the young-old, being female, lower levels of education, having more chronic diseases, having fall experience, higher depression, lower cognitive functioning significantly predicted transition to pre-frailty from non-frail status. In the old-old, being female, higher depression, lower level of social activity were significant predictors. On the other hand, predictors of transition to frailty from pre-frail status in the young-old were being female, higher age, being unemployed, having more chronic diseases, having fall experience, higher depression, lower cognitive functioning. In the old-old, predictors of transition to frailty from pre-frail status were only higher age, having more chronic disease, higher depression, and lower cognitive functioning. The research findings can be used as a reference point in the making of strategies for preventing frailty.

췌장염에 의한 가성낭종내에 생긴 가성동맥류 : 1례 보고

오연희,이채경,김승현,이성우,양창현,이정호,이영현 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

만성 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성동맥류는 드문질환으로, 반복적으로 다량의 출혈을 일으킬 수 있으며, 치료를 하지 않을 경우 사망율이 높기 때문에, 조기 진단과 치료가 필수적이다. 저자들은 38세 남자 환자에서 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성낭종내에서 발생한 가성동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 가성 동맥류의 색혈류도플러상 낭종내에 양방향 흐름의 와류를 볼 수 있었다. Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm within Pseudocyst from Pancreatitis: 1 Case Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,DongGuk University Yeon Hee OH M.D., Chae Kyeong Lee M.D., Seoung Hyeon Kim M.D., Sung Woo Lee M.D., Chang Heon Yang M.D., Jung Ho Lee M.D., Young Hyun Lee M.D. Pseudoaneurysm from pancreatitis is uncommon, but it can cause recurrent and massive hemorrhage. Because of high morbidity and mortality, early detection and treatment of the pseudoaneurysm is needed. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm within pseudocyst from pancreatitis. Color-flow Doppler sonography shows bidirectional flow and turbulent arterial flow, within anechoic mass.

Re-examination of Analytical Models for Microwave Scattering from Deciduous Leaves

Oh, Yi-Sok,Hong, Jin-Young 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

본 논문은 활엽수의 잎에 대한 전파 산란 모델들의 정확성을 수치 해석적 방법인 method of moment(mom)로 비교, 검증하였다. 나뭇잎에 대한 전파 산란 모델로는 Rayleigh모델, GRG모델, PO모델이 있으며, PO모델은 나뭇잎을 resistive sheet으로 근사화하여 계산했다. 잎에 대한 전파 산란 모델들의 유효영역을 method of moment의 수치적 결과와 비교하였으며 두께가 얇은 유전율 디스크에 대해서는 전파 산란 모델들의 유효영역을 확장할 수 있음을 알아냈다. 나뭇잎의 두께(0.2∼0.4mm)가 매우 얇기 때문에 GRG모델과 PO모델 둘다 나뭇잎에 대한 마이크로파 해석에 사용할 수 있다.