고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

백용한,서정훈,송건훈,이진헌,송시영,정재복,강진경,박인서,이수진 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

극단 저체중 신생아에서의 동맥관 개존증 결찰술을 위한 진정맥 마취 경험 2례

최영균,고명진,이상은,조광래,김영환,임세훈,이정한,이근무,정순호,김영재,신치만 仁濟大學校 白病院 2010 仁濟醫學 Vol.31 No.-

Running title: Cases of anesthesia for extremely low birth weight infant. Extremely low birth weight infants (birth weight < 1000 g) are prone to various morbidities such as respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis and retinopathy. To accomplish successful anesthetic management, many precautions must be continuously taken during the operation. First, inspired oxygen concentration should be adjusted to avoid oxygen toxicity. Second, body temperature must be maintained adequately. Third, hemodynamic parameters should be kept stable. We report 2 cases of successful anesthetic management for extremely low birth weight infant who underwent ligation of patent ductus arteriosus at the neonatal intensive care unit.

성인 원발성 초점성 사구체 경화증의 예후인자

송영수,최훈영,유태현,강신욱,이중민,정현주,이호영,한대석,최규헌 대한신장학회 2004 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.23 No.1

개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예

윤헌영,정순욱,박희명,박철,정만복,김준영,한현정,황민,노병국,박상혁,장하영,박정윤 한국임상수의학회 2004 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary teaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 U/L), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

사외이사 특성에 따른 이사회 독립성과 기업가치: 법적 최소기준을 반영한 이사회 구성의 시사점

임새훈(Lim, Sae-Hun),박영석(Park, Young-Seog) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.5

[연구목적] 본 연구는 사외이사 비율을 통해 기업 이사회의 독립성을 대리한 기존 연구를 확장하여 사외이사 수, 사외이사 재임기간 및 사외이사 선임에 관한 법적 최소기준까지를 분석에 활용하여 기업 가치에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 이사회 구성에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 사외이사 특성이 기업 가치에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위해 2012년부터 2017년까지 유가증권시장에 상장된 3,861개의 기업-연도 표본을 대상으로 합동회귀모형(Pooled OLS Model)을 이용하여 분석을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 실증분석결과 사외이사 수, 사외이사 비율은 기업 가치에 유의한 양(+)의 영향을, 사외이사 재임기간은 유의한 음(-)의 영향을 각각 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 표본을 사외이사 초과선임 여부를 기준으로 하위표본을 구성하여 분석한 결과, 법적 최소비율을 유지하면서 사외이사를 다수 선임한 경우에 주요 관심변수인 사외이사 특성을 활용하여 기업 가치를 제고할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구는 이사회 독립성과 기업 가치에 대한 연구 분야의 확장에 기여하고 이사회 구성에 대한 시사점을 제공한다. 향후 국내 기업을 대상으로 한 관련 연구는 법적 최소기준을 반영한 분석이 이루어져야 할 것으로 보이고, 본 연구의 결과를 활용한 이사회를 구성함으로써 기업 가치를 제고할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. [Purpose] This study aims to expand the existing research field related to the corporate boards independence by analyzing the impact of these on firm value by using the number and tenure of outside directors and legal minimum standards of appointing outside directors. [Methodology] In order to analyze the effect of the characteristics of outside directors on firm value, this study tested 3,861 firm-year samples listed on the KRX KOSPI market from 2012 to 2017 using a pooled OLS model. [Findings] Following our empirical results, it was found that the number and the ratio of outside directors had a significant positive(+) effect on the firm value, and their tenures has a significant negative(-) effect on the firm value, respectively. In addition, sub-sample(restructured by legal minimum appointment criteria) testing results was found that the firm value could be improved in case of a number of outside directors were appointed while maintaining the legal minimum appointing ratios by controlling each of our key variables. [Implications] This study contributes to the expansion of the research field on the boards independence and firm value. Moreover, provides implications for the composition of the boards. In the later, related study on domestic companies should be analyzed reflecting the legal minimum standards, and it is expected that firm value can be improved by constructing a boards using the empirical results of this study.

생쥐 위장관의 Interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

김영철,차경훈,신무경,임건한,김주영,안병수,김장만,양경철,박도영,오재욱,장인엽 조선대학교 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.1

Background and Objectives : Interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) are the pacemakers in gastrointestinal tract that modulates gastrointestinal motiliey and these cells also transmit neural input from enteric nerves to smooth muscles. Recent work on tissues from patients with motility disorders that suggest that loss or defect in ICC could be related to pathophysiology in human and animal models. Immunolabelling of ICC in intestinal wall is recently developed by using specific marker, anti-c-kit antibody. Immunohistochemistry was done for ICC network in attempt to provide a morphological basis for the mechanism regulating gastrointestinal motility Methods : Cryosection was done, and whole-mount preparations of mouse stomach, gastrointestinal tract were immunolabelled using the anti-c-Kit. Immunolabelled ICC networks were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results : According to three dimensional reconstruction study, we found that the c-Kit-positive celluar networks were widely distributed in the gastrointestinal muscle (1) circular muscle layer(IC-IM), (2) myenteric plexus(IC-MY), (3) deep muscular plexus(IC-DMP) in ileum, (4) submucosal plexus(IC-SMP) and longitudinal muscle layer(IC-LM) in colon. Conclusion : The characteristic profiles of ICC celluar networks provide a morphological basis upon the mechanism regulating gastrointestinal motility. Additional studies for the enteric nerves-ICC interaction are need to evaluate the detailed roles of Icc in gastrointestinal tract.

수종의 고정성 보정장치에 따른 유성견의 치주조직 반응

조명훈,윤영주,김광원 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.1

교정력을 가한 후 각기 다른 재료로 제작된 고정성 보정장치를 적용한 경우에 발생하는 치주조직의 재형성과 치유과정을 조직학적으로 관찰하기 위해 건강한 치주상태를 가진 네 마리의 유성견을 대상으로 최초 교정력이 200gm이 되도록 견인 스프링 (sentalloy closed coil springR, Tomy Co., Japan)을 대상 치아에 결찰하여 1주일 간 교정력을 가한 후, 각각의 실험동물에 3가닥 호선인 0.018인치 DentaflexR(Dentarum Co., Germany), 3가닥 호선인 0.020인치 DentaflexR(Dentarum Co., Germany), 6가닥 호선인 0.0195인치 RespondR(G&H Co., U.S.A.)를, 그리고 자가중합형 레진 접착제인 Superbond C&BR를 고정성 보정장치의 재료를 이용하여 보정장치를 접착한 군과 보정장치를 접착하지 않은 군으로 나누어 3주간 적용 후 희생하여 H-E염색군, M-T염색군으로 나누어 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.0.0195인치 RespondR를 접착시킨 군은 0.018인치 DentaflexR, 0.020인치 DentaflexR, Superbond C&BR를 접착시킨 군에 비교할 때 압박측에서의 거대세포 침윤 감소와 긴장측에서의 신생골 형성 증가가 매우 두드러지게 나타났으며 치주인대는 형태와 배열에서 대부분 정상적인 소견을 보였다. 2.실험 1군의 모든 실험대상에서 압박측 치조골 내부의 괴사골이 관찰되었고, 압박측과 긴장측 모두에서 치조골 표면의 골양조직 및 sharped 섬유의 형성과 치주인대의 재형성 현상이 나타나는 것이 관찰되었다. 3.실험 2군은 실험 1군에 비교하여 압박측에서 거대세포 침윤이 현저히 감소되었고 치주인대는 거의 정상적인 소견을 보였다. 긴장측에서는 수층의 골침착을 보이며 치주인대 측으로 골양조직과 골아세포가 구상으로 나타나는 활성화 소견을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 더 여러 가닥이 꼬인 6가닥 호선인 0.0195인치 RespondR(G&H Co., U.S.A.)를 보정장치로 적용한 경우가 다른 재료의 고정성 보정장치보다 더 활발한 신생골주 형성의 활성화 소견이 관찰되었으며 대조군과 유사한 배열과 형태를 보이는 정상적인 치주인대 섬유의 배열양상이 관찰되어 다른 재료들에 비교하여 치주조직의 초기 재형성과정을 더 신속하게 유도하는 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the material for fixed type retainer, allowing physiologic tooth movement. and proper remodeling of periodontal tissue during retention period. The present study was performed to observe the histologic changes of periodontal tissue after application of different types of fixed type retainer after orthodontic tooth movement in young adult dogs. For this study, 4 young adult dogs were used as a experimental animal and experimental group was divided into three groups ; experimental group 1 contained right side maxillary third incisors and canines, experimental group 2 contained contralateral teeth of same animals, and control group contained mandibular premolars. And each dogs were applied the 4 different types of fixed type retainer to experimental group 1. The experimental teeth were ligated on the Sentalloy closed coil springR(Tomy Co., Japan) from maxillary third incisors and canines and applied orthodontic force at initial 200gm-forced during 1 week. All the experimental animals were sacrificed on the 3rd week after the orthodontic teeth movement and then the specimens were taken, fixed in formalin, embeded in parafin, sectioned 6-8μm in thickness and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and Masson's trichrome staining method. Examined under the light microscopy. The following results were observed. There were observed that decreased infiltration of giant cells in pressure side and increased the new bone forming in tension side on the specimen of 6-stranded 0.0195' RespondR(G&H Co., U.S.A.) group. Periodontal ligament fibers were much compressed or elongated in 3-stranded 0.018', 0.020' DentaflexR(Dentarum Co., Germany), and Superbond C&BR(Sun Medical Co., Japan) groups. 2. In experimental group 1, necrotic bone inside the alveolar bone of pressure side, forming of the sharpey's fiber in osteoid tissue, and remodeling of the periodontal ligament were observed in all animals. 3. In experimental group 2, it was observed that the amount of bone resorption was equal or decreased in pressure side, and increased new bone forming and significantly decreased Infiltration of giant cell than the experimental group 1. By this results, it considered that 6-stranded RespondR(G&H Co., U.S.A.) wire was the most useful material allowing early periodontal tissue remodeling.

미숙아에서 경구 포도당액, EMLA^(R)크림, 노리개 젖꼭지(pacifiers)의 통증 감소 효과에 대한 비교

윤영훈,노영일,김은영,박상기 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

Background and Objectives : We compared the pain reducing effect of orally administered glucose with that of EMLA cream and pacifiers during venipuncture in preterm infants. Material and Method : Twenty two preterm infants were included for this study. We performed four methods in al1 preterm infants. First, control group, second, received EMLA cream on the skin, third, received 30% glucose orally administered, and fourth, received pacifiers. Symptoms associated with pain at venipuncture were measured with the Premature Infants Pain Profile (PIPP) scale. Result : Among the subjects, 14 (63.6%) was male, 8 (36.4%) was female. The distribution of gestational age was as follows ; gestational age 30~34 was 2, 32333 was 2, 34-35 was 10, 36-37 was 8. The comparison of PIPP score between groups was as follows : control group was 12.73±2.45, EMLA group was 10. 05±3.59, 30% glucose group was 6.45±2.06, pacifiers group was 9.18±2.32 (P<0.001). The percentage of patients with PIPP score above 12 was as follows : control group was 68.5%, EMLA group was 31.8%, 30% glucose group was 0%, pacifiers group was 14.5%. The mean heart rate change between before and after venipuncture was as follows : control group was 22.32±4.09, EMLA group was 31.91±3.53, 30% glucose group was 7.00±4.14, pacifiers group was 9.36±2.15. Conclusion : Our study supports the use of oral glucose, EMLA, and pacifers is the effective intervention at venipuncture in preterm infants. The most effective method was oral glucose. 목 적 : 미숙아에서 포도당의 경구 투여, 국소 마취 크림인 EMLA^(R)와 노리개 젖꼭지의 통증 감소 효과를 비교하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2003년 3월부터 8월까지 조선대학교 병원 신생아실에 입원한 재태연령 37주 미만의 미숙아를 대상으로 4가지 방법으로 통증 감소를 측정하였다. 제 1 군(대조군)은 아무것도 투여하지 않은 군, 제 2군은 EMLA^(R) 크림을 바른 군, 제 3군은 30% 포도당액을 먹인 군, 마지막 제 4군은 노리개 젖꼭지를 물린 군으 로 나누어서 통증을 감소를 비교하였다. 통증의 평가는 PIPP 점수와 최고 심장 박동수의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 1. PIPP 접수 비교 대상아이의 PIPP 점수를 보면 대조군 12.73±2.45, EMLA^(R) 크림군 10.05±3.59, 30% 포도당군 6.45♀2.06, 노리개 젖꼭지군이 9.18±2.32로 대조군에 비해서 다른 군들이 유의하게 낮았다(모두, P<0.001). 30% 포도당군이 EMLA^(R) 크림군의 PIPP 접수에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 (P<0.05), 노리개 젖꼭지군의 PIPP 점수에 비해서도 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 2. 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 6점 이상 비율의 비교 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 6점 이상의 비율을 비교하면 대조군 100% (22명), EMLA^(R) 크림군 86% (19명), 30% 포도당군 50% (11명), 노리개 젖꼭지군은 90% (20명) 으로 30% 포도당군에서 가장 낮았다. 3. 심한 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 12점 이상 비율 비교 심한 통증을 느끼는 PIPP 12점 이상의 비율을 비교하면 대조군 68.6% (15명), EMLA^(R) 크림군 31.8% (7명), 30% 포도당군 0% (0명), 노리개 젖꼭지군은 14.5% (1명) 으로 30% 포도당군이 가장 낮았다. 4. 최고 심장 박동수의 변화 비교 최고 심장 박동수의 증가를 비교하면 대조군 22.32±4.09, EMLA^(R) 크림군 13.91±3.53, 30% 포도당군 7.00±4.14, 노리개 젖꼭지군이 9.36±2.15로 대조군에 비해서 다른 군들이 유의하게 낮은 증가를 보였다(모두, P<0.001). 30% 포도당군의 최고 심장 박동수의 증가가 EMLA^(R) 크림군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으나(P<0.001), 노리개 젖꼭지군과 비교하면 두 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 결 론 : 미숙아에서 통증의 감소에 EMLA^(R) 크림, 포도당액의 경구 투여, 노리개 젖꼭지가 효과가 있었으며, 포도당액의 경구 투여의 경우에는 빠른 시간에 효과가 나타나서, 이용이 용이할 것 같다.

Fe-0.7%C-2.3%Si강의 미세조직과 기계적 성질에 미치는 잔류 오스테나이트 변태 거동

손제영 ( Je Young Son ),권도영 ( Do Young Kwon ),김지훈 ( Ji Hun Kim ),김원배 ( Won Bae Kim ),예병준 ( Byung Joon Ye ) 한국주조공학회 2012 한국주조공학회지 Vol.32 No.3

This steel has been synthesized integrating concepts from Austempering Ductile Cast Iron (ADI) technology. While ADI has excellent mechanical and physical properties, the Young`s modules of ADI is approximately 20% lower than steel. In addition, the presence of graphite nodules in ADI can be sites of crack initiation, where fracture takes place at graphite matrix interface. Because of this limitations of ADI, there has been a growing interest in austempered steels as structural materials in resent years. In this investigation, a new steel with microstructure composed of ferrite and austenite and with simultaneous high tensile strength (1,150MPa) and high ductility (33%) was developed. The goal of this investigation is to obtain a better understanding of deformation and transformation behaviour in high carbon retained austenite(γHC) and over-saturated ferrite(α) during the plastic deformation. A detailed study of the microstructure of this steel was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) technic. In this way it was shown that BCC phase (BCC) took up the larger part of the nominal strain whereas the a part of retained austenite responded to the mechanincal load by partial martensite transformation, and misorientation change in the retained austenite after plastic strain could be attributed to the large elongation.