Cyclic Voltammetry Stripping Analysis to Determine Iodide Ion Concentration in Cu Plating Bath

Yoon, Young,Ham, Yu Seok,Kim, Tae Young,Choe, Seunghoe,Kim, Jae Jeong The Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.165 No.5

<P>Accurate monitoring of an electroplating bath's chemical balance is a key factor for maintaining its performance during a long-term plating operation. In this paper, a method is suggested to measure the concentration of iodide ion (I-), an inorganic leveler for through-silicon via (TSV) filling, based on its electrochemical response. During the operation of plating, I-was consumed via the reaction with Cu+ (Cu+ + I -> CuI), an oxidation reaction (2I(-) -> I-2 + 2e), as well as a physical incorporation. The I- concentration decrease resulted in a degradation of the bath, while the major byproducts (CuI and I-2) rarely influenced on bath performance. In order to monitor the I(-)concentration by cyclic voltammetry stripping (CVS) analysis, the electrochemical response of I(-)was examined at various conditions. I- suppressed the Cu electrodeposition rate; this response was dependent on the mass transport of I- and the applied potential of cathode. A subsequent effective coverage analysis revealed that not only I- but also Cu(I) iodide (CuI) was a key inhibitor, demonstrating that the inhibition of I- becomes weaker at a negative potential. With a responsive curve (RC)-CVS analysis conducted at an optimized condition, a linear relationship between the real and measured concentrations could be found, irrespective of other additives' concentrations. The method suggested in this paper enabled the direct monitoring of the I- concentration in a Cu plating bath. (C) 2018 The Electrochemical Society.</P>

Liquid Crystalline Polythiophenes With Amphiphilic Side Chains

Yoon, Young‐,Sik,Ko, Taeyun,Chung, Jaeyub,Chung, Jae‐,Seung,Kim, Jin‐,joo,Lee, Jong‐,Chan WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol.213 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A series of poly(thiophene) derivatives with decyl‐oligo(oxyethylene) side groups, (PD<I>n</I>ET) is synthesized via oxidative coupling polymerization. PD3ET and PD4ET with longer oligo(oxyethylene) units exhibited a liquid crystalline phase with well‐ordered lamella structures, although PD3ET showed a more ordered structure than PD4ET. PD1ET and PD2ET have shorter oligo(oxyethylene) groups than PD3ET and show less‐ordered structures with liquid‐crystalline phase observed. The UV‐vis spectra indicated that the maximum absorption wavelengths of PD<I>n</I>ET increase when the number of oxyethylene units increases from 1 to 3; however, the maximum absorption wavelength of PD4ET is lower than that of PD3ET. Therefore, the most ordered and conjugated structures are obtained when the number of oxyethylene units is three.</P>

Unexplored Thermal Transformation Behavior of Two‐Dimensionally Bound Gadolinium Hydroxide Layers: Fabrication of Oriented Crystalline Films of Gadolinium Oxychloride Nanosheets Suitable for the Multicolor Luminescence with Color Tunability

Yoon, Young‐,su,Byeon, Song‐,Ho,Lee, In Su WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2010 Advanced Materials Vol.22 No.30

<P><B>Annealing multilayers of gadolinium hydroxide</B> lead to the growth of gadolinium oxychloride crystallites film through a two‐dimensionally confined process. The employment of confined crystallization process create a multilayer film composed of mixed crystallites each doped with different activator ions, such as Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> and Tb<SUP>3+</SUP>, which demonstrates a novel method of fabricating robust and semi‐transparent inorganic thin films with multicolor emission capacity and color tunability. </P>

멸종위기 야생식물 이미지를 활용한 지속가능한 텍스타일 패턴 개발 연구

장윤영 ( Chang¸ Yoon Young ),박현주 ( Park¸ Hyun Joo ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 사회적으로 지속해서 논의되는 한국의 멸종위기 야생식물 이미지를 활용한 지속가능한 텍스타일 패턴 개발을 진행하는 것으로, 21세기 화두이자 키워드인 지속가능성과 환경문제 안에서 연구해 볼 수 있는 텍스타일 디자인 개발을 고찰하고 시도해보고자 하였다. 한국에 자생하는 멸종 위기에 처한 식물들이 267여 종에 달하고 있기에, 연구를 통해 자생식물의 중요성 인지와 함께 보존의 필요성을 알리고자 하였다. 이를 위해 멸종위기 식물 이미지를 이용해 모티브로 개발하고 다양한 제품에 적용될 수 있도록 텍스타일 패턴으로 개발하여 시사점을 제공하였다. 연구 방법으로는 지속가능한 텍스타일 디자인의 개념과 멸종위기종의 고찰을 통해 환경부에서 지정한 국내의 멸종위기 야생 생물과 멸종위기 야생식물의 개념과 지정 현황을 살펴보았다. 텍스타일에 적용된 디자인을 바탕으로 멸종위기종 이미지를 이용한 국내 브랜드의 다양한 디자인 사례를 조사하고, 사례에 대한 분석도 진행하였다. 또한, 조사된 이론적 배경과 선행 연구를 기반으로 멸종위기 식물 I · II급 총 88종을 45개의 과로 분류한 뒤, 그중 가장 많은 식물이 속해있는 난초과, 미나리아재비과, 붓꽃과 그리고 백합과를 중심으로 각 과 두 종류씩 모티브 개발로 전개할 식물 8종을 선정하였다. 이 분류를 기반으로 핸드 드로잉을 통해 텍스타일 디자인을 제작하였다. 결과적으로 총 16개의 패턴디자인으로 제작하여 디지털 텍스타일 프린팅, 전사 날염 등 각각의 섬유 소재에 맞는 프린팅 공정을 통해 실생활에서 활용되는 텍스타일 프로덕트로 개발하였다. 텍스타일 디자인은 그 목적에 맞는 활용성 면에서 모티브가 차지하는 비중과 쓰임이 크다. 그렇기에 멸종위기종을 모티브로 개발한 텍스타일 디자인은 디자이너의 사회적 책임감과 함께 환경적 보존가치가 포함되어 생물 다양성 보전 및 환경 보호 증진에 도움이 될 가능성이 높을 것으로 본다. Environmental issues are currently topical in our society, and there is an ongoing debate regarding the issue of sustainability and endangered species. Habitats of flora native to Korea are damaged by indiscriminate development and threatened for a variety of reasons, resulting in 267 endangered plant species. As the endangered plant species are at the risk of extinction without conservation measures, they need to be protected and the awareness of the species needs to be raised. The present study was conducted to develop sustainable textile patterns with images of endangered plants to increase awareness of social values. To fulfill these objectives, first, a theoretical review of sustainable textile design and endangered flora was conducted. Second, the study included an examination of brand design case studies that utilized images of endangered species using a marketing approach to determine the value and content of the designs. The results of prior research suggested that designs are often used as part of campaigns and for the marketing of specific causes. Third, 88 species of Class I and II endangered plants were classified into 45 families, and the most common four families were selected, namely, Orchidaceae, Ranunculaceae, Iridaceae, and Liliaceae. Textile patterns were designed for two species in each family. Fourth, the finished designs were printed using materials suitable for the designs and made into textile products that are commonly used in everyday life, such as bags. The Textile pattern designs that incorporated images of endangered flora were developed in the current study. As a motif is important in textile patterns, designs with endangered flora as a motif are likely to be meaningful and value-laden, thus helping the conservation of biodiversity and promoting environmental protection.

가정 내 아동고문 범죄에 대한 시론적 고찰 - 미국의 아동고문(child torture) 범죄를 중심으로 -

민윤영 ( Min¸ Yoon Young ) 한국형사정책학회 2021 刑事政策 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 미국의 아동고문 관련 입법례에 대한 고찰을 중심으로 극단적인 반인륜성을 보이는 아동학대범죄에 부합하는 새로운 법적 개념으로서 아동고문 개념을 제안한다. 가정 내 아동고문은 최소한 두 건의 신체적 폭행과 두 가지 이상의 유형의 심리적 학대 그리고 방임이 종합된 상당 기간 동안의 학대로서, 장기적인 고통이나 영구적인 손상, 기능장애, 또는 사망에 이르는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 아동학대와 아동고문은 가해자의 의도와 학대행위의 가혹성 등에서 구별되며, 최근의 양천구 16개월 입양아 학대사망사건 등의 극단적인 아동학대범죄는 학대를 넘어선 것으로서 아동고문 개념이 더 적합할 수 있다. 전통적인 고문에 대한 이해에서 볼 때에는 가정내 아동고문이라는 사적 고문은 성립되기 어려운 개념이지만, 국제인권법 담론이나 법여성학 담론에서는 이미 비국가 고문 개념을 통해 가정폭력 등을 사적 고문으로 재해석하고 있으며, 이는 아동학대의 맥락에서도 유용한 논리를 제공한다. 미국의 입법례에 대한 고찰로서는 아동고문을 처벌하고 있는 미국의 주법들의 현황과 심각한 신체적 상해가 없더라도 아동고문에 해당할 경우 중범죄로 처벌할 것을 촉구하는 미국변호사협회의 결의문, 그리고 델라웨어 주의 아동고문 공통요소표를 살펴본다. 마지막으로 아동고문 개념의 필요성을 극단적 아동학대범죄의 반인륜성에 부합하는 정의로운 처벌과 보다 효과적인 피해자 보호, 그리고 아동학대인지감수성의 고취와 관련하여 논의한다. This article focuses on overcoming a deficit in Korean child abuse law by introducing the concept of domestic child torture. While child torture is not a legal term in Korea, there have been child abuse cases that have been too extreme to be properly captured with the term “abuse”. The lack of an appropriate legal term has led to inadequate prosecution of these crimes, criminal punishments that did not match the magnitude of the acts, and in many cases, the deaths of the victims. While it might seem controversial to label child abuse by a private actor as torture, the term “non-state torture” in the context of domestic violence has gained acknowledgment in the international legal community. This article extends this logic from feminist legal theory to the issue of child abuse. Additionally, it takes a comparative legal approach by introducing child torture laws and other relevant legal discourses in the U.S., such as ABA Resolution 109D and Delaware’s Common Elements of Child Torture list. Finally, it discusses the moral and practical importance of reframing severe domestic child abuse as domestic child torture with regard to achieving justice and protecting child torture survivors.

Search for dormant comets in AcuA

Yoonyoung Kim,Masateru Ishiguro,Fumihiko Usui 한국천문학회 2013 天文學會報 Vol.38 No.1

Changes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder after Theraplay Application

Yoonyoung Chang,Bongseog Kim,Miwon Youn 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2021 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives: This study identified changes in social communication and interaction among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through Theraplay. Methods: This study included 20 children who were diagnosed with ASD by a child and adolescent psychiatrist and were recommended to undergo Theraplay in 2012–2017. The Marschak interaction method was used to identify and analyze the interactions between parents and their children. The Korean version of the Social Communication Questionnaire (K-SCQ) was used to evaluate symptoms of ASD. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the differences before and after Theraplay. Results: Upon comparing the differences in total K-SCQ scores, there were statistically significant changes (z=-3.269, p=0.001) in children with ASD. Changes were also confirmed in each category, namely social interaction, communication, and limited and repetitive behavior patterns (p=0.011, p=0.025, p=0.039, respectively). Conclusion: This study found that Theraplay may cause significant changes in social communication in children with ASD. Further studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of Theraplay in children with ASD.

An interpretation of potential catastrophic collision at P/2010 A2

Yoonyoung Kim,Masateru Ishiguro,Tatsuhiro Michikami,Akiko M. Nakamura 한국천문학회 2016 天文學會報 Vol.41 No.1

Usefulness of diamond technique for laparoscopic parenchymal-sparing liver resection of nonperipheral liver lesions

Yoonyoung CHOI,Ho Joong CHOI,Yoonkyung WOO,Haneol PARK,Tae Ho HONG,Young Kyoung YOU 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.-

Search for Dormant Comets in the Infrared Asteroidal Catalog

Yoonyoung Kim,Masateru Ishiguro,Fumihiko Usui 한국천문학회 2014 天文學會報 Vol.39 No.1