ANALYSIS OF FIRE CHARACTERISTICS IN APARTMENT BUILDING THROUGH FULL SCALE EXPERIMENT AND ZONE MODEL SIMULATION

Yoon,Myong-O,Park,Jin-Kook,Kim,Choong-Ik,Ryou,Hong-Sun,Kim,Jin-Gon,Kim,Myung-Bae,Choi,Jun-Seok,Kim,Kwang-Il 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Fire characteristics of a typical apartment building in Korea was studied through full scale experiment and zone model simulation. The fire was ignited at the living room and allowed to spread to other parts of a single unit in a five storied apartment building. Various data including temperatures, species concentrations, and images were collected in the experiment. A zone model(CFAST) was used to analyze the same apartment building that represents the average households in Korea. The results were compared with a full scale experiments. While CFAST allows one compartment involved with fire, the experiment allowed the fire to spread to other compartments. Therefore, the comparison between experimental data and Zone-Model data is valid until the living-room fire spread to other parts of the apartment. Flashover occurred at approximately 380 seconds in a fire experiment, and at approximately 420 seconds in Zone-Model. Based on all of data between experimental data and Zone-Model data, it is concluded that the safe escape time is about 250 seconds.

The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Chun, Yoon-Keun,Ha, Joo-hun,Hong-Jung-Woo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Kim, Sung-Soo 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yoon-Keun Chun¹,Joohun Ha□Hong-Jung Woo□, Soo Myung Oh□,Sung Soo Kim□ ¹Department of Molecular Biology, College of Medicine,²Department of Surgery, college of Medicine,³Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine,and ⁴East-Weat Medical Reserch Institute,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 212-230, 1999. -Hepatitis B is caused by hepadnavirus. Hepatitis B virus replicates through 3.5kb pregenomic RNA intermediate which is regulated by core promoter. Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus has been bilieved the result of host immune response. But recently many studies have reported that high level of viral replication caused by mutation in core promoter might result in severs hepatitis. But these studies were performed in vitro, not in vivo. So there is yet debate about which factor, viral of host factor, is more important in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus. So we measured real viral replication level in 204 chronic hepatitis B patients by quantifying HBV DNA from sera by our novel PCR-based more sensitive method, and compared these results with ALT level measured from same sera, which indicates liver cell damage. Surprisingly there are no significant correlation between HBV DNA quantity and ALT level. Then we cloned core promoter region. In SSCP, we found that many viral mutants coexist in one patient. Base on SSCP result, we chose main viral core promoter type in each patients, which is thought to determine overall viral replication level in this patient. Main type of core promoter region of each 41 patients were directly sequenced. And with these we measured promoter activity by luciferase assay system and compared promoter activity with on another. We found tha there were some differences in promoter activity according to core promoter sequences. And we constructed replication-competent viral constructs with core promoter from 41 patients and Transfected these into HepG2 cell and measured HBV DNA by southern blot. There were also differences in HBV DNA quantity according to core promoter sequences. On these all results we investigated correlation between the effect of HBV core promoter on viral replication in vitro and HBN DNA quantity, ALT level from sera of each patients. We found there is no significant correlation among them. As a result, we concluded that in determining severity chronic hepatitis B patients, host factors of each patient is more important rather than replicative activity of virus itself.

자궁내 발육지연이 있는 출생체중 2,500 g 이상인 환아의 주산기 예후에 관한 연구

송태복,조명숙,하진아,윤대석,김철홍,김윤하,최영륜 全南大醫大 2004 전남의대학술지 Vol.40 No.1

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

경제규모에 따른 국가정보화전략 수립의 필수성공요소에 관한 연구 : 성공요소 도출과 전문가들의 인식 분석을 중심으로

윤정원,채명신 한국정보사회진흥원 2006 정보화정책 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구에서는 개도국을 중심으로 국가정보화 전략을 수립하는데 필요한 필수성공요소들을 도출하고 정의하였다. 정의된 필수성공요소들의 전략적 중요성에 대한 인식을 델파이 분석을 통하여 우선순위를 측정하였다. 또한 해외전문가들을 활용한 델파이 설문분석을 통하여 국가정보화전략의 수립을 고려함에 있어 선진국과 개도국간의 전략적 우선순위가 존재한다는 인식과 대상국가의 특성에 따라 정보화전략 수립을 위한 우선순위의 차별적 적용이 효과적인 전략수립에 있어 전제 조건임을 알 수 있었다. 선진국과 개도국, 그리고 후발개도국을 대상으로 고려되어야할 필수성공요소를 델파이 전문가들의 관점에서 도출하고 이에 대한 비교를 통하여 필수성공요소가 경제규모에 따라 다를 수 있음을 파악하였다. 본 연구는 국가정보화전략 수립 및 적용 효과에 대한 기존인식을 제고하여 경제규모에 따라 필수성공요소의 중요도와 우선순위를 차별화하는 것이 적절할 수 있음을 암시하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 국제기구 및 OECD 회원국들로 하여금 개도국들의 정보화 전략 수립을 지원할 때 전략적 우선순위를 반드시 고려토록 하는 인식을 확산시키는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

두 문학에서 하나의 문학으로

윤명숙 숙명여자대학교 독일어권연구센터 1996 독일문화 Vol.3 No.-

Was bedeutet die deutsche Vereinigung fu¨r die deutsche Literatur? Das heiβt, daβ zwei Literaturen, die auseinander existiert haben, mit der Vereinigung automatisch eine Literatur werden? In diesem Fall ist die politische Einheit keine Wende und kein neuer Anfang fu¨r die literarische Einheit. Seit zwei Jahrzenhnten na¨herten sich die westdeutsche und ostdeutsche Literatur in vieler Hinsicht. In dieser Sache gab zuerst Erich Honecker mit einer Parteirede vor dem 4. ZK-Plenum von Dezember 1971 das Signalwort. Das brachte eine wesentliche Vera¨nderung in der ganzen DDR-Kunst. Zweitens, der Wolf Biermann-Ausbu¨rgerung folgten die Abwanderungen und Ausbu¨rgrungen der vielen Ku¨nstler. Der durch das Exil entstandene Substanzverlust fu¨r die DDR-Literatur war betra¨chtlich. Letztlich machten die Verwirklichung der "subjektiven Authentizita¨t" und das seine Ungebundenheit und seinen Spielcharakter betonende literarische Produzieren der jungen Generation entscheidenden Punkt fu¨r die deutsche literarische Vereinigung. Nun ist die zwei deutschen Literaturen auf dem Weg der Einheit. Wichtig ist zwar die seit u¨ber vierzig Jahren getrennt verlaufene Nachkriegsentwicklung mit den vielfa¨ltigen politischen, sozialen und o¨konomischen Implikationen der zwei Staatlichkeit. Sicherlich ist aber die u¨ber Jahrhunderte reichende gemeinsame Geschichte und die sprachliche Einheit ein nicht zu unterscha¨tzender Faktor fu¨r Identita¨tsbildung.

간암과 동반된 췌장 선방 세포 암종 1예

윤명희 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.1

Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare malignancy comprising about 1% of pancreas tumors with a generally poor prognosis. However, treatment proctocols for acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas have not been standardized. A case of a 59-year-old man presented with epigastric pain and back pain for 2 months. Also he had 5 kg weight loss for 6 months. Computed tomography revealed a 3 cm sized pancreatic head mass, and a small lesion in the liver. There were not peripancreatic lymph node enlargements. The patients was diagnosed preoperatively as a pancreatic head cancer with metastatic liver lesion, and performed Whipple's operation and wedge resection of liver. Pathologic finding showed tumor cells were characterized by round or oval nuclei, only mild pleomorphism, single prominent nucleoli and abundant, eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm in pancreas head. In the liver hepatocellular carcinoma was showed with trabecular and pseudoacinar arrangement The patient was confirmed as a acinar cell carcinoma of pancreas head combined with hepatocellular carcinoma. This case illustrates the lack of a standardized approach of acinar cell carcinoma and emphasizes the need for further research.

어린 작가의 초상 : 마거릿 로렌스의 『집안의 새』

윤명옥 새한영어영문학회 2009 새한영어영문학 Vol.51 No.3

A Bird in the House, Margaret Laurence's collection of eight short stories set in Manawaka, Canada, is a portrait of the writer as a young girl, the child in the process of becoming a writer. Narrated by Vanessa Macleod, it is the story of an adult remembering her childhood. It adopts a dual perspective and portrays the chasm between the child's fantasies and the mature writer's memories in a subtle ironic tone. Margaret Laurence recreates in the character of Vanessa the development of a young writer who learns about objective life through the gloomy and painful experiences of love and death and who progresses from a romantic view to a realistic one, freeing herself from the past through writing. In the end, Vanessa or Laurence's final maturation as a professional writer is completed through the reception of both controllable reality and ideal romanticism, which are the necessary extremes of the act of creative writing.

남해 하천의 변이원성에 대한 연구

윤명희 경성대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.21 No.1

To clarify the pollution of river waters in Namhae Island, mutagenicity of the river water was evaluated by the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and 100 with and without metabolic activation by S9 mix(+ S9 and -S9, respectively).Samples were obtained by the blue rayon(BR) suspension method at 8 rivers in Namhae Island. The mutagenicity of all the samples was negative, which suggests that the river waters into which waste fluid of daily living and agriculture flows were not mutagenic in TA 98 and 100, which and without S9 mix, indicating that were no frame-shift type direct and indirect mutagens as well as base-replacement type direct and indirect mutagens. Nevertheless, it is required to investigate continuously the condition of pollution and the source of contamination, because the mutagenicity in rivers adjacent to agricultural areas may be influenced by the amount and the kind of pesticides discharged which vary with the season.

조직기업가정신에 관한 실증연구

윤종록,위홍복,염명곤 동의대학교 경제경영전략연구소 2004 經濟經營硏究 Vol.2 No.1

This research proposed and tested a conceptual model that examined the difference between entrepreneurship and organizational effectiveness. The result are as follows. First, Entrepreneurship has influenced significantly to organizational commitment, job satisfaction and creativity. Second, according to dynamic environment, entrepreneurship has influenced significantly to a organizational commitment and job satisfaction, but has not influenced significantly to a creativity. Lastly, according to risk-taking of CEO, entrepreneurship has influenced significantly to a job satisfaction, but has not influenced significantly to an organizational commitment and creatively. Therefore, a variables of dynamic environment and personality of CEO have showed a role as moderator in the relationship between entrepreneurship and organizational effectiveness.