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文姬子,金潤喜,趙潔子,趙美映,姜賢淑 慶熙大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.11 No.-
The changes of social issues and nursing concepts require the expansion of nursing needs and nursing role, therefore it is keenly demanded the necessity of the research for new curriculum development in nursing. So to make a contribution to the development of nursing education in Korea, we made a comparative study of nursing curriculum of each universities which have baccalaureate program and put them into operation at present; they are 10 Korean universities, 5 American universities and 4 Japanese Universities. Thus by researching the differences among them. We acquired the conclusions as followings. The purpose of Nursing education In case of Korean parts, the contents of those aims must be explained more clearly and more in detail than another results of research. There also has to be made the statements upon the scientific researching methodology in scholarly respect, or the self-development in individual respect, or the lasting endeavour for studies in professional respect. We must put an emphasis upon the statement and education of the direct nursing provider, or the primary health care manager at hospital and community, who is one of the important aims of modern nursing education. The substance of nursing curriculum. 1) Total credits for completion and the comparison of curriculums, classified by the field. The scope of total credits of each nation, according to Colleges ranges; Korea: 140-163, U.S.A.: 121-187, Japan: 13-158 Compared with those of U.S.A. and Japan, the average credits of Korea is higher. Classified by the field, the credits alloted to major courses are 73.3% and liberal courses, only 26%, which shows that it does not satisfy the current educational trend that emphasizes the liberal course. 2) The comparison of curriculums, classified by a school year. In case of Korea, the total credits are evenly assigned to all grades, but the freshman taken the concentration of liberal courses (81.2%). Among the major courses are preponderant the Nursing Supportive subjects in the sophomore and the nursing major ones in the junior and senior. 3) Curriculums classified by the subject. (1) As compared with those of Japan and U.S.A. Korean students are less free in chosing subjects their own way all over the curriculums. It is, therefore, required that the range of the optionals be widened for the open and flexible education. (2) We can find all of three nations (Korea, Japan, U.S.A.) neglect the sphere of the behavioral sciences among the fundamental nursing subjects. In the field of social sciences, among Korea, Japan, and U.S.A., top ranks Japan that tends of the interested in social well-being. In Korea only two universities have this subjects. (3) Nursing major subjects. Defficulties in comparing them lie in the gulfs of the title of subjects, and the structural differences of the formation of curriculums among nations. In case of Korea, although there are a few differences of the number of credit of subjects among colleges, she has uniform aspects for U.S.A., which says that there are no characteristics and self-control each colleges has in Korea. We can notice that the subjects each Korean university shares are also doubled with those of the national examination for nursing qualification. Japan differs from Korea in that subjects are more differentiated and students are provided with more chances to make a choice through the system of subjects and the texture of a curriculum are similar to those of Korea. In case of Korea, therefore, the unification of fundamental subjects (especially in the medical field) and clinical practices is required. (4) The course for teaching profession is taken as either the required or optional just in Korea (80%) and Japan (75%). The number of subjects and total credits of teaching courses is different according to the colleges of Korea and Japan. As for the contents of subjects Korea deals with theory and Japan, the practical thing with which students can adjust themselves to the spot of society. As a result of that, in case of Korea, demanded are the entire review and research upon the purpose of establishing a curriculum, its relation to the total credits and the choice of substance of subjects etc. 4) The patterns of organization in curriculum development. Most of the patterns of organization, classified by clinic subject pivot upon disease and subjests are not mutually unified in case of Korea and Japan. Though the patterns of organization of subjects if formally unified, that of curriculums is not substantially or wholy synthesized, while in case of U.S.A. the unification of the patterns of organization entire curriculum as well as the mutual unification of subjects is attained and each college runs a characteristic curriculum, since the application of nursing theory and the model of a curriculum are different according to college. The prevention of disease, the promoting health and the disease system is patterned, centering around the healthy and their families. Therefore, in case of Korea, it is urgent to unify the curriculum of nursing education for the efficiency of the future oriented nursing education, and it is also imminent to develop the new pattern of a nursing curriculum suited for our own social demand and situation. And we need the continuous studies and search for the method of application in order to development the new curriculum. The comparison of a curriculum with the purpose of nursing education. The substances of subjects are not consistently in accord with the aims of nursing education each college states in Korea, Japan and U.S.A. Especially in case of Korea, the most statements upon the purpose of education are in the social dimension, but the most subjects have the academic dimension. In Korea it is stringent to examine and study the choice of the contents of education in terms of learning, profession, individual and society.
맹정섭,남윤규,박승희,최우영 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1995 농업과학연구 Vol.22 No.2
Two types of modified celluloses which contain trinitrophenyl groups as chromophore were synthesized from carboxymethyl cellulose Whatman CM 70 and CM 32. Diaminoethyl groups were added to the CM 70 and CM 32 to make DAE-CM celluloses and then the DAE-CM groups were substituted by 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl groups to produce TNP-celluloses. Average particle size of the TNP-cellulose from CM 32 was 44.6 ±9.6 μm in diameter and 127.9±22.5 μm in length, which was much smaller than those from CM 70, however its TNP-moiety per gram determined by using the molar extinction coefficient 1.33×10^4 of ε-TNP-lysine at 345 nm, was 0.68 millimoles, which was 5.6-fold greater than those from CM 70. The absorption spectrum of TNP-oligosaccharides which were the soluble products of TNP-celluloses by a cellulase preparation Onozuka R-10, showed a maximal peak at 344 nm. Increases in the absorbance during hydrolysis were linear with the enzyme concentration, and the differences of slope values between two types of TNP-celluloses that the more semsitive assay could be achieved by using those from CM 32 as substrate at the low range of the enzyme concentration.
향수마케팅을 활용한 IoT기반 노인의 고독감 해소 방안
윤희원(Yoon, Heui-Won),이현수(Lee, Hyun- Soo) 한국실내디자인학회 2014 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
Memories of the past tend to heal our difficulties of life. In particular, we feel more nostalgic in our mid-life and old age than any other time of our lives. Seniors prefer things that hold their memories and those they have used for a long time rather than IT, such technologies are shunned by seniors who are accustomed to old, familiar things. Although there are various causes of such loneliness, it is always related to the psychological aspects of the elderly. This study is aimed at incorporating the "nostalgia" of seniors into their living space by considering their strong reliance on "memories of the past" to relieve their loneliness. It uses IoT technology, an IT-based technology, to deliver spatial and physical records to seniors to relieve their loneliness. If seniors form social or personal ties with other people, their feelings of loneliness decrease, as their desires are satisfied. Also, seniors feel a greater sense of satisfaction when they feel valued and feel a sense of belonging. Thus, the imaginary scenario of this study was focused on boosting their satisfaction by using their "memories of the past," an element related to their nostalgia. ‘Nostalgia,’ a strong psychological tool, and IoT technology can effectively relieve the loneliness of seniors. The significance of this study is as follows.
김윤희 ( Yoon Hee Kim ),문희자 ( Heui Ja Moon ),노인숙 ( In Suk Rho ),송영아 ( Young A Song ),신윤미 ( Yoon Mi Shin ),정태옥 ( Tae Oak Jung ) 경희대학교 동서간호학연구소 2003 동서간호학연구지 Vol.8 No.1
본 연구는 한국이 내어 놓은 독창적인 의학이라 할 수 있는 이제마의 사상의학 이론에 근거해서 한국적 간호중재 방법을 모색해 보고자 문헌적 연구를 시도하였다. 사상의학은 평소에 체질적으로 건강관리를 추구하도록 하는 양생의학이고 생활속에서 심신의 수양을 통해 건강을 관리하도록 하는 예방의학이며 궁극적으로는 어질고 선한 것을 좋아하고 어질고 능력있는 것을 질투하는 것을 싫어하는 윤리적 의학임을 강조하고 있다. 사상인의 체질진단은 여러 가지 방법이 제시되고 있지만 주로 외모, 심성, 병증 등 세가지가 주요한 기표로 이용된다. 외모에서는 체형과 용모, 행동, 기본, 자세들의 포괄적 특징을 본다. 심성에서는 성질, 재간(일을 처리하는 능력), 항심 (항상 가지고 있는 마음), 성격, 심욕 등을 관찰 한다. 병증에서는 평소 건강할 때의 생리적 조건과 질병에 걸렸을 때의 독특한 증상을 보고 진단한다. 이러한 세가지 지표에 의해 각각의 체질을 태양인, 소양인, 태음인, 소음인으로 분류한다. 네가지 체질에는 각 유형에 따른 양생방법이 있다. 즉, 성정양생, 식이양생, 지행양생, 연령별양생, 지역별양생, 사회 생활양생, 일상생활과 약물에 따른 양생 등의 방법이 있다. 체질별로 개인에 따라 독특하고 독립적인 양생방법은 건강관리를 위해 중요한 간호중재 전략이 될 수도 있고 새로운 간호이론을 형성 할 수 있다. 긍정적인 양생방법을 유도하여 장수를 누리기 위해서는 개별적인 간호가 가장 바람직한 간호 접근 전략이 될 수 있을 것으로 본다. 따라서 이제마의 사상체질별 양생방법은 전인적 간호의 원리가 될 뿐만 아니라 한국적 간호, 예방적 간호, 새로운 간호 중재방법, 새로운 간호이론의 개발에 중요한 지료가 될 것으로 기대된다. 그러기 위해서는 간호현장에서 실무와 이론적인 측면에서 깊이 있는 연구들이 많이 수행되어야 하겠다. Through this literal study, we have endeavoured to provide korea`s unique nursing intervention methods based upon Lee Je-Ma`s Sasang Constitutional Theory which is a unique korean medical science. The Sasang Constitution Theory lay great emphasis upon health caring medicine to promote health according to self Constitution at normal times, preventive medicine to manage byself body and mind in everyday life, and eventually, ethical medicine to love benevolence and kindness but to dislike jealousy. A variety of methods has been introduced to diagnose a person`s Constitution. And yet, appearance, mind and pathological signs are three major criteria. In appearance, comprehensive features such as figure (the shape of the human body), countenance, behaviour, mood, and posture are observed. In mind, nature (character), talent, steadiness, personality, and greed are investigated. In pathological signs, physiological conditions when healthy and peculiar symptoms when being ill are diagnosed. By these three criteria, each Constitution is categorised into Taiyang Person, Soyang Person, Taieum Person or Soeum Person. Different healthcaring methods exist for each Constitution such as mind and body healthcaring, diet healthcaring, knowledge and behaviour lealthcaring, age group healthcaring, regional healthcaring, social life hralthcaring, everyday life healthcaring, and materia medication healthcaring. An independent and unique healthcaring method for each person according to self Constitution could be an important nursing intervention strategy, and can product a new nursing theory. To enjoy longevity by inducing positive caring methods, I believe that individual nursing may be the most desirable nursing approach. Lee Je-Ma`s Sasang Constitution caring method is not only a general nursing theory but also expected to be an important landmark/milestone/factor in Korean nursing, preventive nursing, developing new nursing intervention methods and forming new nursing theories. Therefore, it is required to conduct thorough, practical and theoretical researches in the field of nursing.