연구논문 : 담양 의암서원(義巖書院)의 설립, 사액 그리고 철폐

윤희면 ( Hee Myeon Yoon ) 호남사학회(구 전남사학회) 2015 역사학연구 Vol.57 No.-

유희춘을 모시는 三川祠는 담양의 양반사림 58명이 앞장서고, 전라도 양반사림의 호응과 지방관들의 도움을 얻어 1610년경에 완성되었다. 삼천사는 1630년경에 향교 근처로 옮기고 白川祠라 이름을 바꾸었다. 옮긴 이유는 유희춘이 文節이라는 시호를 받은 것과 관련 있어 보인다. 1668년에 담양 양반사림들이 사액을 받고자 상소문을 제출하여, 1669년에 「義巖」이라는 사액 이름을 받았다. 의암서원은 사액을 받은 뒤 나라로부터 여러 가지 혜택을 받았다. 제례에 쓸 祭需와 각종 잡물을 관아로부터 지급 받았다. 토지 3결을 면세받았고, 노비도 한때 100여명 이상을 소유하였다. 액외원생(정액 이외의 원생)을 수령으로부터 허락을 받기도 하였다. 특히 관에서 보태준 식리전은 재정의 큰 비중을 차지하였다. 19세기에 들어와서는 서원이 문중서원화되는 경향을 보이는데, 유희춘 후손들이 원임을 담당하고 의암서원 운영에 깊이 간여하였다. 의암서원에서는 경제적 어려움을 타개하기 위하여 관에 적극적으로 밀착하였다. 수령에게 원장을 맡기고, 19세기에 들어서면 경원장제를 채택하였다. 그리고 이들의 후원을 얻어 많은 건물들을 수리하고 건립할 수 있었다. 19세기에 이르면 대부분의 서원은 교육기능은 제대로 발휘되지 못하고 있었다. 의암서원도 마찬가지였다. 대원군의 서원 철폐로 의암서원도 1871년에 철폐되었다. 호남의 유생들은 1884년에 유희춘의 문묘 배향을 요청하는 상소를 하였으나 뜻을 이루지는 못하였다. Samchonsa enshrined Yu Hee-chun was established by 58 Confucian scholars of Damyang who initiated the idea, being responded by Yangban Sarim of Jeolla Province. It moved next to Hyanggyo by the year of 1630 and named it Paekchonsa. Its movement resulted from Yu Hee-chun`s receiving his posthumous epithet(Munjeol)Yangban Sarim submitted public appeals to receive charter and as a result, they acquired EuAhm in 1669. Since then EuAhm Seowon got several kinds of benefits. The economic foundations of EuAhm Seowon were fields, serfs, extra students, wonbo and duty free village. Especially Shickrigeon that was added by public office formed a great part. Since the opening of 19th century, the descendants of Yu Hee-chun took the role of wonim and were deeply involved with its management. EuAhm Seowon tried to be close to a local authority to resolve financial difficulty. They entrusted the position of Wonchang to a chief magistrate and chose implementing Gyeongwonjang system. With their support, they could build and maintain more buildings. By the turn of 19th century, most of seowon could not perform its educational fundction. EuAhm Seowon was in the same situation. In line with Daewongun ordered the close of seowon EuAhm Seowon was closed down in 1871. Yangban yusaeng of honam Province filed an appeal to ask a Confucian shrine of Yu, Hee-chun, but could not fulfill their will.

Economy Considerations and the Derivation of DP in Old English

Hee-Cheol Yoon 한국영어학학회 2002 영어학연구 Vol.- No.13

Yoon, Hee-Cheol. 2002.Economy Considerations and the Derivation of DP in Old English, the History of English, 13.This paper suggests that the definiteness or referentiality of Old English noun phrases depend on the presence of the uninterpretable [+R(cferential)]fcature in the functional head D. In Old English, the [+R(cferential)] fcature is associated with the EPP fearures, which forces the syntactic operation to delete both types of uninterpretable features in D for the proper interpretation at the interface. In consideration of the tact that Old English has no definite article possible candidates for deletion of those features in D include adnominal demonstratives, possessives and genitives of proper narnes all of which are characterized as inherently definite or referential. As far as thematic relations and empirical evidence are concemed, adnominal demonstratives are introduced into the speeifier of 예 through merge while possessives and genitives of proper names undergo movement to reach the same structural position. Although movement is a costly option, the operation is forced to delete not only uninterpretable features in D but also uninterpretable Case features in possessives and genitives of proper names. In case both demonstratives and possessive/genitives of proper names are available from the numeration, economy considerations determine the order of application between syntactic operations. A economic option of merge always precedes move, which results in the linear precedence of possessives/genitives of proper names over demonstratives in Old English noun phrases. Key words: DP hypothesis, adnominal demonstratives and possessives in Old English, definiteness, economy considerations

국내산 중하(Metapenaeus joyneri) 내 주알레르겐 규명 : 가열 및 소화액에 의한 변화

윤성호,김현아,김현미,최정희,서창희,남동호,김윤근,민경업,박해심 대한알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

평행봉 피터스 동작의 운동학적 분석

윤희중,윤창선,김태삼 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.2

H. J. YOON, C. S. YOON, T. S. KIM. The Kinematic Analysis of Peters Motion on Parallel bars. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 15-26, 2004. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic variables of peters motion in parallel bars. The subjects were 3 male national gymnasts. For this study, kinematic data were collected using video camera. Coordinate data were low-pass filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth with cutoff frequency of 6Hz. Each valuables analyzed was used to compare kinematic features between the subjects. The conclusions were as follows; 1. For a stable regrasp motion, the subjects appeared to increase horizontal and vertical displacement during the DS phase because it induce a vertical elastic of body and reaction of bar for the US phase. 2. For a stable hand standing motion of the regrasp, the subjects appeared to maintain the fast vertical and horizontal velocity during the DS phase, but in contrary during the US and Air phase the vertical and horizontal velocity appeared to do decrease. 3. When the arm lean angle and the trunk lean angle maintain a big angle during the DS phase, the subjects appeared to do a stable performance to release in a high position.

부산시 주거지역과 공업지역 여성모발에서 검출된 중금속 농도에 대한 비교 연구

민병윤,윤명희,안희정 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1997 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.3 No.1

부산시의 주거지역과 공업지역에서 거주하는 여성의 모발로 부터 Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Pb 및 Cd에 대한 중금속의 농도를 분석한 결과, 전체 시료에서 모든 중금속이 검출되었다.특히, 공장지역의 주구성원인 10대와 20대 여성 모발에서 필수원소인 Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu 및 독성원소인 Cr, Pb, Cd의 농도가 같은 연령의 주거지역 여성들의 모발에 비해 매우 높게 검출되는 점으로부터, 이 지역의 직업인이 이들 중금속 원소에 의해서 직접 노출되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 즉 공장지역 여성 10대와 20대 모발 중의 Cr, Pb, Cd의 농도는 주거지역 같은 연령 여성 모발 중의 농도에 비해 높게는 Cr의 경우 110배 (20대 여성), Pb의 경우 92배 (10대 여성), Cd의 경우 23배 (20대 여성)까지 검출되어, 이 지역 환경이 극도로 오염되어 있음을 경고하고 있다. 주거지역 여성 모발 중의 독성원소인 Cr, Pb 및 Cd의 농도는 국외에 거주하는 외국인에서 검출된 농도와 거의 유사하였으나, 이들의 농도가 연령이 높아짐에 따라 높아지는 점으로부터 이들 원소들이 연령에 따라 체내에 점차 축적됨이 밝혀졌다. The concentrations in women's hair of essential and toxic elements such as Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Cd in residential and factory areas in Pusan were determined, and all the elements were detected from all the samples. It was apparent that employees working in factory areas in Pusan were exposed directly to the essential and toxic heavy matals. This is based on the fact that average concentrations of Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Cd in hair samples from women aged 10 to 29 in factory area, who were considered to be main members among women employees, were much higher than those of residential areas. That is, the highest concentrations found in the hair samples taken from women 10 to 29 years old living in factory areas were 110 times higher in Cr (in the women in their 20's), 92 times higher in Pb (in the women in their teens) and 23 times higher in Cd (in the women in their 20's) than those living in residential areas. Furthermore, it was suggested that the heavy metals may be accumulated gradually in human bodies as humans get older, based on the fact that the concentrations of Cr, Pb, and Cd in women living in residential areas were higher in older age groups, although the average contents of these elements in residents from residential areas were similar with those of several foreign countries.

Moon, Yoon-Hee

문윤희,권영창,정인철,이형걸 慶星大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.16 No.2

Frozen beef loin imported from Australia was stored as 2℃ after thawing, then evaluate to improvement of raw meat aroma and palatability of cooked meat by sensory evaluation. To improvement of raw meat aroma and palatability of cooked meat of thawed beef were confirmed for the reason of conditioning after thaw as a result of myofibrillar fragmentation index(MFI) and Mg-ATPase activity of myofibril. Sensory evaluation of raw meat aroma and tenderness on frozen imported beef loin stored at 2℃ after thawing had good in all during cold storage, MFI and Mg-ATPase activity increased, therefore frozen beef loin could recognized to conditioning during stored at 2℃ after thawing. Cold storage after thawing of frozen imported beef loin can improve its cooked aroma and tenderness in case that insufficient conditioning is the reason for its low palatability, and the improvement of palatability on the cooked meat appeared to be greater in aroma than taste. In case of amino acid composition, aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid and alanine of imported beef loin stored 7 days after thawing were showed significantly(p<0.05) higher than that stored 0 day after thawing, total amino acid composition of imported beef loin stored 0,3 and 7 days after thawing were 148.40, 171. 06 and 188.99mg/g, respectively.

Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정

오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2

Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.

보행 시 노인의 상체 움직임에 대한 3차원적 분석

김희수,윤희중,류지선,김태삼 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

H. S. KIM, H. J. YOON, J. S. RYU, T. S. KIM. The Three Dimensional Analysis of the Upper Body's Segments of the Elderly during Walking. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 1-15, 2004. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic variables of the upper part of the body for 8 elderly men during walking. For this study, kinematic data were collected using a six-camera (240Hz) Qualisys ProReflex system. The room coordinate system was right-handed and fixed in space, with righted orthogonal segment coordinate systems defined for the head, trunk, and pelvis. Based on a rigid body model, reflective marker triads were attached on the 3 segments. Three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates for each marker were determined at the time of recording using a nonlinear transformation(NLT) technique with ProReflex software (Qualisys, Inc.). Coordinate data were low-pass filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth with cutoff frequency of 6Hz. Three-dimensional angles of the head, trunk, and pelvis segment were determined using a Cardan method. On the basis of each segment angle, angle-angle plot used to estimated the movement coordinations between segments. The conclusions were as follows; (1) During the support phase of walking, the elderly people generally kept their head the flexional and abductional posture. Particularly, the elderly displayed little internal/external rotation. (2) The elderly people showed extensional and external rotation postures in the trunk movement. Particularly, It showed the change from adduction into abduction at the heel contact event of the stance phase. (3) The elderly people showed almost same pelvis movement from the flexion into extension, from the abduction into adduction, and from internal rotation into external rotation at the mid stance and toe off of the stance phase.

현행 중학교 과학 실험·실습교육에 대한 교사들의 견해와 개선방안

이윤종,기우항,김영호,정원우,양승영,강용희,안병호,임성규,윤일희,김중욱,강동진 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.20 No.-

The status of facilities, management of the experiment, practices, and Science education teaching method in middle school have been investigated. The present status and reasonable management of middle school science education have been grasped from the questionaires. The results are as follows : The reasonable management for expeiments and practices of science education were scanty in the middle school around the urban and rural schools owing to the shortage of facilities and equipments, crowded class, excessive classes, work for teachers, excessive contents of present textbook and insufficience of administrative support etc. The current teaching method of middle school science has emphasized knowledge. This fact does not satisfy the objective of learning due to lack of teaching method. Desirable directions for the improvement of present status of middle school science education were proposed in this paper.

급성전골수성백혈병에서 백혈구성분채집술에 이은 치명적인 뇌출혈 2예

오윤정,박소윤,김윤정,한동석,김현수,최진혁,남동기,임호영,김효철,주희재 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1998 아주의학 Vol.3 No.1

The aim of this study is to report 2 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia who died from intracranial hemorrhage following leukapheresis and to provide proper preventive measures against hemorrhage following leukapheresis. From 1994 to 1997, a total of twenty-six patients with leukemia underwent leukapheresis to control hyperleukocytosis at Ajou University Hospital. Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia received all-trans retinoic acid but developed drug-induced hyperleukocytosis. Shortly after leukapheresis, they died from intracranial hemorrhage. The risk factors for fatal hemorrhage are thought to be coexisting disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC), thrombocytopenia aggravated by leukapheresis, exacerbated coagulopathy related to mechanical trauma through leukapheresis and the excess use of citrate during leukapheresis. To reduce the risk of the bleeding associated with leukapheresis, it is necessary to replace platelet sufficiently before and after leukapheresis and to give calcium to correct coagulopathy induced by excess citrate which is used as anticoagulant as well as the correction of disseminated intravascular coagulation.