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Protective effects of fucoidan on the cell death of spleen cells induced by taxol
( Yong Han ),( Hong Gu Joo ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2015 예방수의학회지 Vol.39 No.4
Taxol is an anti-cancer agent that stabilizes the microtubules of cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of mitosis and thus preventing the proliferation of cancer cells. However, many anti-cancer agents including taxol work on normal cells as well as cancer cells, resulting in side effects such as immunosuppression. A marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharide, fucoidan, an anti-cancer agent, also showed immunostimulating effects. This study investigated the effects of fucoidan on taxol-treated spleen cells. Spleen cells were treated with taxol in a concentration-dependent manner and in combination with fucoidan. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to measure the viability and activity of treated cells. Two assays demonstrated that taxol induced the death of spleen cells. Fucoidan clearly inhibited the cell death induced by taxol. In addition, fucoidan enhanced the production of nitric oxide in spleen cells, which was decreased by taxol. Taken together, taxol can induce the cell death of spleen cells, a major type of immune cells and fucoidan protects spleen cells from taxol-induced cell death. This finding suggests that taxol and fucoidan can be used in combination for lowering the immunosuppressive effects of taxol.
Determination of the toxicity of enrofloxacin on mouse bone marrow cells
Yong Han,Hong-Gu Joo 한국예방수의학회 2019 예방수의학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Enrofloxacin (EFX) is one of the 2nd generation quinolone antibiotics and is now widely used as a broad-spectrum antibiotic for industrial animals. Previous study showed that EFX reduces the cellular metabolic activity of spleen cells and modulates the inflammatory responses. However, little is known about its toxicity on bone marrow (BM) cells. In this study, BM cells were treated with EFX and cellular metabolic activity, cell death, the change of neutrophil (CD11b+Gr1+ cells) proportion, and antigen uptake ability of granulocytes were measured. Compared to the control, EFX-treated cells showed the decrease of cellular metabolic activity, the increase of cell death, and the decreased proportion of neutrophils. In contrast, the antigen uptake ability of granulocytes in BM cells was increased by EFX. These data suggest that EFX has only limited toxicity on BM cells. And also, EFX is safe on BM cells in a range of concentration, 6.25 – 25 μg/mL. This study can provide available data for the safety or toxicity of EFX.
Yong Han,June-Kyung Lee,Bong-Yeon Lee,Hoi-Sung Kee,Kwang-Ik Jung,Seo-Ra Yoon 대한재활의학회 2016 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.40 No.5
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of lower energy flux density (EFD) extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in the early stage of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head.Methods Nineteen patients and 30 hips were enrolled. All subjects received 4 weekly sessions of ESWT, at different energy levels; group A (n=15; 1,000 shocks/session, EFD per shock 0.12 mJ/mm2) and group B (n=15; 1,000 shocks/session, EFD per shock 0.32 mJ/mm2). We measured pain by using the visual analog scale (VAS), and disability by using the Harris hip score, Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). To determine the effect of the lower EFD ESWT, we assessed the VAS, Harris hip score, HOOS, WOMAC of the subjects before and at 1, 3, and 6 months.Results In both groups, the VAS, Harris hip score, HOOS, and WOMAC scores improved over time (p<0.05). Conclusion Lower EFD ESWT may be an effective method to improve the function and to relieve pain in the early stage of AVN.
Yong Han 국제금융소비자학회 2023 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.8 No.1
This paper explains why the two UK statutory definitions of “consumer(s)” are so markedly different in the two strands of relevant statutes applicable to insurance. The basic difference between them is that by the narrow definition an insurance consumer can only be an individual whereas by the broad definition it can be either an individual or a firm, and there are other nuanced differences. This basic difference has begged questions about the protection of financial/insurance consumers. The first reason of such a marked difference is that, as a matter of legislative technique and practice in common law countries, the validity and applicability of its statutory legal definition of a terminology in one particular statute is intended to be limited only to that statute and not extendable by default to the same terminology in other statutes. The second and far more important substantive reason is the actual bifurcation of financial consumer protection practically into the judicial approach and the regulatory approach thereto. Consistent with such bifurcation, the narrow and the broad consumer definitions respectively but non-exclusively serve or match the markedly different judicial approach and the regulatory approach to financial/insurance consumer protection.
Toxicity of disulfiram, a therapeutic agent for chronic alcoholism, to mouse spleen cells
Yong Han,Hong-Gu Joo 한국예방수의학회 2018 예방수의학회지 Vol.42 No.4
Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcohol dependence. Recent studies have shown that disulfiram also has anti-cancer effects. Considering that many anti-cancer agents have side effects, including immunosuppression, it is important to check if disulfiram has some cytotoxicity to immune cells. In this study, mouse spleen cells were treated with disulfiram and the metabolic activity was measured. Disulfiram increased the cell death of spleen cells according to annexin V-FITC/PI staining analysis. In addition, disulfiram decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of spleen cells. The toxicity of disulfiram was concentration dependent. Interestingly, disulfiram affected the population of lymphocytes and the subset of spleen cells was altered. This study provides clinicians and researchers with valuable information regarding the toxicity of disulfiram to mouse spleen cells, particularly lymphocytes.
Magnetic Field Gradient Optimization for Electronic Anti-Fouling Effect in Heat Exchanger
Yong Han,Shu-tao Wang 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.6
A new method for optimizing the magnetic field gradient in the exciting coil of electronic anti-fouling (EAF) system is presented based on changing exciting coil size. In the proposed method, two optimization expressions are deduced based on biot-savart law. The optimization expressions, which can describe the distribution of the magnetic field gradient in the coil, are the function of coil radius and coil length. These optimization expressions can be used to obtain an accurate coil size if the magnetic field gradient on a certain point on the coil’s axis of symmetry is needed to be the maximum value. Comparing with the experimental results and the computation results using Finite Element Method simulation to the magnetic field gradient on the coil’s axis of symmetry, the computation results obtained by the optimization expression in this article can fit the experimental results and the Finite Element Method results very well. This new method can optimize the EAF system’s anti-fouling performance based on improving the magnetic field gradient distribution in the exciting coil.