Ultralow oxygen treatment for control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on harvested table grapes

Yong-Biao Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2012 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.15 No.2

Exported organic table grapes from the U.S. are currently fumigated with methyl bromide to control quarantined pests such as western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). An alternative treatment which is compatiblewith organic products is needed. In this study, controlled atmospherewith ultralowoxygen (ULO) treatment was studied to control thrips on harvested table grapes. ULO treatments with b0.01 ppm oxygen at 3.3 °C for 1, 2, and 3 days were tested for thrips control. The 3-day ULO treatment achieved complete control of thrips. The treatment was also applied to Thompson seedless and Flame seedless grape varieties and grape quality was evaluated two weeks after the treatment. The ULO treatment had no negative impact on the visual quality of grapes. There were no significant differences in overall grape quality or premiumquality berries between the ULO treatment and the control. The results indicated that the ULO treatment was effective and safe to control western flower thrips on table grapes and had a potential for commercial use.

Low-temperature phosphine fumigation of chilled lettuce under insulated cover for postharvest control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Yong-Biao Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.3

Pallet-scale phosphine fumigations were conducted on pre-chilled iceberg lettuce under an insulated cover to determine efficacy against western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and phytotoxicity to lettuce. Vacuum-cooled commercial iceberg lettuce at 3 °C was sealed in a plastic bag, covered with double-bubble foil insulation, and then fumigated with 484±17 ppm phosphine for 18 h under storage at 20 °C. Lettuce temperature increased from 4.5 °C to 7.2 °C during the course of fumigations. The fumigation treatment was replicated three times and achieved complete control of 3453 western flower thrips. Lettuce quality was evaluated 2 weeks after fumigation and the fumigation had no significant negative impact on lettuce quality. This study demonstrates that insulated cover can be used to keep pre-chilled lettuce at low temperature suitable for low-temperature phosphine fumigation to control western flower thrips on harvested lettuce.

Nitric oxide fumigation for control ofwestern flower thrips and its safety to postharvest quality of fresh fruit and vegetables☆

Yong-Biao Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.4

Nitric oxide fumigation under ultralow oxygen conditions was studied for controlling western flower thrips and effects on postharvest quality of fresh fruit and vegetables. Four hour fumigationwith 1.0% nitric oxide at 2 °C and 3 h fumigationwith 2.0% nitric oxide at 5 °C achieved complete control of the thrips. The 4 h treatmentwas tested on 10 fresh fruit and vegetables including lettuce, broccoli, pepper, squash, tomato, apple, lemon, orange, peach, and pear. When the treatment was terminated by flushing with nitrogen to dilute nitric oxide before exposing the products to ambient air, the treatment had no negative impact on quality of the products. When the treatment was terminated by flushing with air to allow nitric oxide to reacts with oxygen in the air to form nitrogen dioxide, the treatment caused injuries to themajority of the fresh products. Fresh productswith thick and robust skins were more tolerant than those with thin and delicate skins to nitric oxide fumigation. The 4 h fumigation with 1.0% nitric oxide of strawberries at 2 °C had positive impact on strawberry quality with enhanced firmness, brighter and richer color than the controls. The study demonstrated efficacy of nitric oxide fumigation in controlling western flower thrips, safety to fresh commodities, and benefits to postharvest quality of strawberries.

Roles of chemical pattern period and film thickness in directed self-assembly of diblock copolymers

Yang, Yong-Biao,Park, So Jung,Kim, Pilwon,Kim, Jaeup U. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Soft matter Vol.9 No.23

<P>We develop a new numerical self-consistent field theory (SCFT) scheme for examining thin film nanostructures of cylinder-forming AB diblock copolymers on a chemically patterned substrate. Using this, we make a systematic analysis to achieve a fundamental understanding of the model system, and the conditions to create various novel film morphologies are scrutinized by varying the pattern period and film thickness. At a fixed pattern period, eight candidate phases which are divided into two groups according to the film thickness are found, and then their free energies are compared to identify the stable morphology. Among the thinner film morphologies, a crossed cylinder geometry is found to be stable with a comfortable margin. While for the thicker film morphologies, the stability of the phases depends strongly on both the pattern period and film thickness. In addition, we identify an unstable phase capable of thinning the films and consequently providing instability for the ordering of the thicker film nanostructures. A qualitative agreement is found between our theory and previously reported experimental results.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Thin film nanostructures of cylinder-forming AB diblock copolymers on a chemically patterned substrate are systematically examined using a new numerical self-consistent field theory (SCFT) scheme we developed. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3sm50532d'> </P>

캡슐 고정화 S. cerevisiae를 이용한 납 회수

김용표 ( Yong Biao Jin ),박중곤 ( Joong Kon Park ) 한국화학공학회 1998 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.36 No.2

Oral administration of Schisandra chinensis extract suppresses Dnmt1 expression in Kunming mice ovaries

Wen-yong Li,Feng-Rui Wu,Deng-kun Li,Mi-mi Su,Yong Liu,Biao Ding,Rong Wang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.12

The plant Schisandra chinensis contains a phytoestrogens, a type of naturally occurring estrogens which have multiple functions in a number of biological processes. To investigate the correlation between phytoestrogens and epigenetic modification, especially the effect of phytoestrogens on DNA methylation, sexually healthy female mice were used as an animal model in the present study. Briefly, the total RNA and protein were isolated from the ovary of mice after 7-day oral administration of Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE), while distilled water was given to the animals in the control group. Real-time PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme activity assays were performed to examine the effect of the extract of S. chinensis on Dnmt1 transcription and activity. A promoter assay was further conducted in MCF cells (ER positive) to explore also the influence of SCE on Dnmt1 transcriptional activity. The results revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of mouse Dnmt1 were both significantly downregulated in the treated group. The transcription of Dnmt1 was suppressed by SCE and in the E2-added group also. Meanwhile the numbers of oocytes at different stages were increased in the treated group when compared by histological analyses with those in the control group. Taken together, the results indicated that, similarly to the action of estrogen, phytoestrogens affected Dnmt1 transcription in mammals, regulating the related gene expression and cell differentiation. The findings of our examination provided also basic data and understanding for the correlation between phytoestrogens and epigenetic modification.

Directed self-assembly of cylinder-forming diblock copolymers on sparse chemical patterns

Yang, Yong-Biao,Choi, Young Joo,Kim, Sang Ouk,Kim, Jaeup U. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 SOFT MATTER Vol.11 No.22

<P>Using both theory and experiment, we investigate the possibility of creating perfectly ordered block copolymer nanostructures on sparsely patterned substrates. Our study focuses on scrutinizing the appropriate pattern conditions to avoid undesired morphologies or defects when depositing cylinder-forming AB diblock copolymer thin films on the substrates which are mostly neutral with periodic stripe regions preferring the minority domain. By systematically exploring the parameter space using self-consistent field theory (SCFT), the optimal conditions for target phases are determined, and the effects of the chemical pattern period and the block copolymer film thickness on the target phase stability are also studied. Furthermore, as a sample experimental system, almost perfectly aligned polystyrene-<I>block</I>-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-<I>b</I>-PMMA) diblock copolymers are demonstrated. After the pattern transfer process, highly ordered Al nanodot arrays following the initial vertically aligned cylinder pattern are created. This systematic study demonstrates the ability to control the structure and the position of nanopatterns on sparse chemical patterns.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Pattern multiplication and directed self-assembly of block copolymer films deposited on sparsely patterned substrates. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5sm00474h'> </P>

Prolonged membrane depolarization enhances midbrain dopamine neuron differentiation via epigenetic histone modifications.

He, Xi-Biao,Yi, Sang-Hoon,Rhee, Yong-Hee,Kim, Hyemin,Han, Yong-Mahn,Lee, Suk-Ho,Lee, Hyunsu,Park, Chang-Hwan,Lee, Yong-Sung,Richardson, Eric,Kim, Byung-Woo,Lee, Sang-Hun AlphaMed Press 2011 Stem cells Vol.29 No.11

<P>Understanding midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation is of importance, because of physiological and clinical implications of this neuronal subtype. We show that prolonged membrane depolarization induced by KCl treatment promotes DA neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) derived from embryonic ventral midbrain (VM). Interestingly, the depolarization-induced increase of DA neuron yields was not abolished by L-type calcium channel blockers, along with no depolarization-mediated change of intracellular calcium level in the VM-derived NPCs (VM-NPCs), suggesting that the depolarization effect is due to a calcium-independent mechanism. Experiments with labeled DA neuron progenitors indicate that membrane depolarization acts at the differentiation fate determination stage and promotes the expression of DA phenotype genes (tyrosine hydroxylase [TH] and DA transporter [DAT]). Recruitment of Nurr1, a transcription factor crucial for midbrain DA neuron development, to the promoter of TH gene was enhanced by depolarization, along with increases of histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac) and trimethylation of histone3 on lysine 4 (H3K4m3), and decreases of H3K9m3 and H3K27m3 in the consensus Nurr1 binding regions of TH promoter. Depolarization stimuli on differentiating VM-NPCs also induced dissociation of methyl CpG binding protein 2 and related repressor complex molecules (repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor corepressor and histone deacetylase 1) from the CpG sites of TH and DAT promoters. Based on these findings, we suggest that membrane depolarization promotes DA neuron differentiation by opening chromatin structures surrounding DA phenotype genes and inhibiting the binding of corepressors, thus allowing transcriptional activators such as Nurr1 to access DA neuron differentiation gene promoter regions.</P>

Event-based Networked Predictive Control Systems with Secure Transmission Protocol

Biao Xiang,Xia Liu,Yong Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.4

This paper addresses the issues of time delay and deception attacks in networked control systems. An event-based secure networked predictive control system (ESNPCS) architecture is proposed. The ESNPCS integrates a secure transmission protocol and an event-based networked predictive control. The secure transmission protocol guarantees the integrity, confidentiality and authenticity of transmitted data in networked control systems. The networked predictive control compensates time delay based on the control signal prediction sequence derived from the previous states, control inputs and outputs. The event-based control method alleviates the adverse influence of network congestion through the event trigger conditions. A theoretical result using the Lyapunov theory is obtained for the stability of the ESNPCS. Practical experiments are implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ESNPCS.

Recursive Quantization-based Event Triggered Observer for Networked Systems Under Network Congestion and Packet Loss

Biao Xiang,Xia Liu,Yong Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

Focusing on the network congestion and packet loss in the networked systems, a recursive quantizationbased event triggered observer (RQETO) is proposed in this paper. The RQETO is composed of the local observer and the remote observer. The local observer reduces the amount of transmitted measured output by incorporating the event triggered strategy with the improved quantization mechanism. The improved quantization mechanism is based on the recursive algorithm, which can constrain the quantization error within the maximum allowable quantization error. The remote observer compensates the impact of packet loss by Bernoulli distribution model and hold-input strategy after receiving the data transmitted by the local observer. Through the local observer and the remote observer, network congestion is adequately alleviated, and the impact of packet loss is compensated while obtaining the accurate state estimation. The stability of the RQETO is proved by Lyapunov method, and the effectiveness of the RQETO is demonstrated on brushless direct current motor and Net-Con PC104 experimental platform.