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광주 전남지역 자치단체의 환황해경제권 협력을 중심으로 한 대외경제 정책
손용엽 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1995 지역개발연구 Vol.27 No.1
Since the economic achievement of the local government during the term of its chief magistrate is known to be one of important factors for his next term, it is natural that he put great efforts to make the economy of his district get better. The Kwangju metropolitan government and Chonnam provincial government, which were born as autonomous governments in July of 1995, are now under the pressure to make their economic blueprints for next few years. This paper tries to find a model for the commercial and investment policy of the Kwangju-Chonnam local government. Since any local government in Korea have not had a considerable experience to do a business talk with its counterparts from foreign countries, it is good that the Kwangju-Chonnam government begin to talk with local governments along the shore of the Yellow Sea. The economic cooperation among those local governments would be a practicable starting point for the full scale economic cooperation in the Northeast Asia, including Japan, China, and Korea, among others. It is suggested that the Kwangju-Chonnam government need to make a first step toward cutting the costs of passing the goods and services through the border of each country, and do a cooperative work such as a setup of information network to support the trade between them, mutual use of SOC facilities. And the local government had better to designate a few free trade and/or free investment zones in its district which give preferential opportunities to the firms from the local governments in the cooperation program.
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손용엽,정진필 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 1994 지역개발연구 Vol.26 No.1
At the time of emerging of the new World Trade Organization(WTO), it is unavoidable for Korea to open its door and to face tougher competition with other countries in the world. The change of international business environments will enforce the Korean government to amend the old rules and industrial policies that have retrained competition in the domestic market and subsidied major industries selectively, and replace system of controlling money, price, and exchange rates by the one that respects economic logic more effectively. However, it is said to be more important to change the thought of economic agents to accomodate globalizion in their daily lives, than to change those institutions. Globalization is termed after the management style of big corporations which choose the location of their affliates at the most optimal points over the world and control them by international networking. But in this paper, we use $quot;globalization$quot; to mean: reforming the economic system Which bans exclusively or unfairly foreign firms from taking the opportunity of business in the domestic market and building a new system which consistently encourages the competition among firms regardless of their nationality. It can be said that the competitiveness of a nation mainly depends on firms' competitiveness, and that firms competitiveness is the most critical factor in determining the national competitiveness. But, a firm's competitiveness is defined by the capability of the firm to survive and grow without any protection and subsidy and to outreach competitors in taking customers from the world through fair competition with other firm's over the world. To find the way of enhancing firms' competitiveness we need to examine both the firm's outside relationship with other firms in the industry to which it belongs and the inside managerial strategies and activities. With the departure of the new international organization, it would be emphasized that the domestic firms have to compete directly with other firms from various conutries, and that there can no longer be any institutional protectionist shelter alleviating the sufferings from the harsh competition. To cope with the new situation, we will suggest the following to be done in the near future. First, the association of corporations and companies in a cetrain industry will abandon its competition-restraining activities and instead to do something beneficial to its members, such as putting common efforts to gather information. open up a new market, and develop a new technology for common use. Second, to survive the high degree competition in the world market and to win the quality competition of its commodities, it is recommended that the prime contractor firm and its subcontractors of small and medium size cooperate closely to improve the quality of the goods they produce collectively and to help the related firms to manage efficiently. The prime firm's care for the subcontractors will replace the protection of the government. The long-time and continuous transactions among the related firms is the necessary condition for the sound subcontract relationship. Third, the management needs to depend on higher rationality and efficiency. In each stage of the acquisition of resources. production and marketing, the value is added to the firm, and hence the firm sho weel put more efforts to maximize value created by evaluating the so-far-ignored sectors objectively and sicentifically and change the system of coordination and motivation. The factors which help a firm to survive as a successful one in such a rapidly changing world as today, are costdown, quality improvement. time management, and continuous improvement. But the most important thing for that matter is to recognize and respond to the change of environments as quickly as possible. To make it effectively, gathering information on the trend of the current change and reduction of the cycle time of the firm management procedure are of value. That is, in the areas of new product development, production process, and delivery to the customers, the firm will remove the waste of resources and pursue the continuous improvement in terms of the development of marketing technology. just-in-time order taking, and the reduction of the life cycle of the product. In this circumstances, the gubernatorial or provincial governments need to encourage the business associations to discard their bid for the small local market in the competition-restraining way and to bring in the mechanism promoting productive competition between the members of the association in the wide open market. It is good for the local government to subsidy the establishing and stabilizing subcontract relationship between the prime contractors and subcontractors, and the productive activities of business associations, together with reforming drastically the institutional and administrative structures. The local government can help the firm providing information gathered from the mutual exchange programs with its foreign counterparts.
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광주 , 전남지역 선업구조고도화 정책의 역사적 평가와 제언
손용엽 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 2000 지역개발연구 Vol.32 No.1
Kwangju - Chonnam has long been recognized as a economically hollow region of Korea. Even though there have been various kinds of efforts to vitalize its economy from the local governments and scholars, its relative position wouldn't change. As a step to explain the phenomenon, this paper is at first devoted to reviewing the industrial structure enhancement policies introduced by academic papers or policy - supporting documents of Kwangju - Chonnam provincial governments and then suggest some opinions to address drawbacks of recent plans. From the late 1960s, the industries chosen as $quot;specialized$quot; for the Chonnam region were the petrochemical and the first metal industries, and for the Kwnagju region the other mechanical and rubber manufacturing industries, which were known not to stimulate successively other related industries in the region. Most of them are taken by their respective big - sized firms, the location of which had been decided by the central government. After foreign currency crisis, Kwangju and Chonnam provincial governments have chosen a light and bio - related industries; respectively, as their strategic target industries which will be supposed to stimulate other businesses through the region. Firms doing business in the industries would get financial and administrative supports and tax breaks by the local governments. But there are some drawbacks. First, there is no plan for encouraging the high educated people to stay in the region, which is a vital factor to make the plan successful. Second, the plans are focused on supporting venture firms be competitive in the future but don't have any strategy to lure big - sized firms. But the path has too long way to go, in comparison to locating big - sized firms. Cheap land and clean environments are the factors those big - sized firms are searching for in the country - side area to set up their manufacturing or assembling plants. Therefore the local governments are to pay more efforts to attract big - sized manufacturing firms. Third, there are no mention in the plan about the renovation of the well established industries. The traditional industries can be high - tech industries with some proper renovation of production process or change of management and they can be profitable in the near future. Therefore they deserve more attention than a brand new high - tech industries.
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