사회적 네트워크 유형 별 내향 중심성이 직무 스트레스에 미치는 차별적 영향

신인용(In Yoing Shin),이기현(Ki Hyun Lee),오홍석(Hong Seok Oh) 한국경영학회 2013 經營學硏究 Vol.42 No.4

As interdependent tasks have been increasing and the necessity of smooth communication among employees has been emphasized in organizations, scholars and practitioners are interested in the effects of social support from social relationships on job stress. Drawing on a social network perspective, we examined that social ties among organizational members influenced the level of job stress which they experience. We especially expected that the types of social networks in which employees were embedded (task-advice networks, friendship networks, and negative affect networks) were respectively linked to the provision, reception, and absence of social support, which in turn led to differently affecting individual job stress. According to the results of this study based on the survey data from employees in two organizations, the persons who occupied in-degree centrality in friendship networks were more likely to receive social support from the other employees and then their levels of job stress reduced, whereas the employees who were located in in-degree centrality in negative affect networks were less likely to receive social support from the other members, resulting in increasing the level of job stress they experienced. In addition, we hypothesized the U-shaped relationship between in-degree centrality in task-advice networks and individual job stress. In other words, we anticipated that the central persons in task-advice networks to the certain level tended to experience lower levels of job stress by the increased sense of control and self-esteem about themselves, and beyond the optimum level they were likely to experience higher levels of job stress because they were excessively granted the role of providing social support to the others. However, this hypothesis was not supported. This study suggests that the extent of centrality by the types of social networks differently influences the levels of job stress which organizational membersexperience.

최근 6년간 시행한 매독혈청검사 성적

임이석,김명남,홍창권,노병인,장진요,박애자 중앙대부설한국의과학연구소 1988 한국의과학 Vol.20 No.1

齒根端肉芽腫과 齒根端襄腫의 電子顯微鏡的 硏究

林成森,呂寅浩 大韓齒科保存學會 1988 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristic features of the cells and tissues of the chronic periapical lesions using light microscope and electron microscope. Fifteen dental periapical lesions were obtained from the patients undergoing periapical surgery. Each specimen was divided into two parts along the tooth axis. One part was routinely processed for histopathologic examinations. 12 periapical lesions were diagnosed as granuloma and 3 periapical specimens as periapical cyst. The other part was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.4 and 1% osmic acid in same buffer. They were embedded in Epon 812. The semithin sections were used for the orientation of the lesions and the ultrathin sections were stained conventionally and examined with AEI Corynth 500 electron microscope. The results were as follows. 1. PMN and macrophages, which were dominant cell type, were scattered in small or large numvers throughout the central destuctive area of granuloma. In the granulomatous area, plasma cells and lymphoytes sere found in significant number and a lot of new capillary formation were revealed. Clefts caused by cholesterol sere often seen in the connective tissue. Occasionally foam cell s became collected in groups and epithelial proliferation were present. 2. In both granuloma and cyst, some plasma cells contained narrow cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum of which was tightly packed with electron dense materials, and other cells exhibited dilated profiles of granular endoplasimic reticulum. 3. In the area where plasma cells and lymphocytes were collected in groups, lymphocytes with well developed nucleolus and profuse cytoplasm were found and differentiating plasma cells were also present. 4. In the epithelial strands of the granulomatous area, epithelial cells contained enlarged endoplasmic reticulum, tonofilaments and ribosoms. Toward the intercellular space epithelial cells protruded a few microvilli. In the intercellular space, exudate-like electron dense materials, most of which was attached to the plasma membrane, appeared. 5. Some foam cells filled with numerous lipid droplets and others had lipid droplets and crystal-like structures. 6. Cyst epithelium consisted of bright cells and dark cells. The former had bright cytoplasm and small amounts of ribosoms, and the latter dark cytoplasm, many ribosoms, mitochondria and elongated microvilli. 7. Epithelial cells near the cyst lumen protruded a lot of long microvilli toward intercelluar space and cyst lumen.

Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate is an Independent Predictor of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Kim, Joon Young,Jeong, Myung Ho,Ahn, Yong Keun,Moon, Jae Hyun,Chae, Shung Chull,Hur, Seung Ho,Hong, Taek Jong,Kim, Young Jo,Seong, In Whan,Chae, In Ho,Cho, Myeong Chan,Kim, Chong Jin,Jang, Yang Soo,Yo The Korean Society of Cardiology 2011 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.41 No.4

<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Patients with renal dysfunction (RD) experience worse prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of admission estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on clinical outcomes of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI).</P><P><B>Subjects and Methods</B></P><P>We retrospectively evaluated 4,542 eligible patients from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). Patients were divided into three groups according to eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m<SUP>2</SUP>): normal renal function (RF) group (eGFR ≥60, n=3,515), moderate RD group (eGFR between 30 to 59, n=894) and severe RD group (eGFR <30, n=133). Baseline characteristics, angiographic and procedural results, and in-hospital outcomes between the three groups were compared.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Age, gender, Killip class ≥3, hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, peak creatine kinase-MB, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, B-type natriuretic peptide, left ventricle ejection fraction, multivessel disease, infarct-related artery and rate of successful PCI were significantly different between the 3 groups (p<0.05). With decline in RF, in-hospital complications developed with an increasing frequency (14.1% vs. 31.8% vs. 45.5%, p<0.0001). In-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in the moderate and severe RD groups as compared to the normal RF group (2.3% vs. 13.9% vs. 25.6%, p<0.0001). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratio for in-hospital mortality was 2.67 {95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44-4.93, p=0.002} in the moderate RD group, and 4.09 (95% CI 1.48-11.28, p=0.006) in the severe RD group as compared to the normal RF group.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Decreased admission eGFR was associated with worse clinical courses and it was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.</P>

혈소판 응집 억제제의 효과 측정법에 대한 고찰과 지원자에서 Triflusal의 혈소판 응집 억제능 평가

이병요,장힘찬,백인환,윤휘열,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2010 藥學論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The anti-platelet agent is a member of a class of pharmaceuticals that decreases platelet aggregation and inhibits thrombus formation. They are effective in the arterial circulation and widely used in primary and secondary prevention of thrombotic cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease. As a method for estimating the effects of anti-platelet agent, platelet aggregation was conventionally measured using the optical method or the impedance method. Several alternate methods currently in development or recently developed were considered, including luminescence method, flow cytometry, laser-light scattering method, and Verify Now-P2Y12 assay. Principles, advantages, and disadvantages of the optical method, impedance method, and the other alternate platelet aggregation methods were discussed in this report. 15 human volunteers were recruited for the evaluation of the efficacy of triflusal using the optical method. After the oral administration of a single dose of 900mg, 15 subjects received eight doses administered at 24-hour intervals of 600mg triflusal. Using platelet rich-plasma from above subjects, we performed baseline platelet aggregation test induced by adenosine diphosphate(ADP), collagen, and arachidonic acid. The results of platelet aggregation test after triflusal administration were compared with the baseline study. Triflusal significantly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP (33.0±21.3%) and arachidonic acid (99.1±1.2%), respectively. Therefore, we concluded that anti-platelet aggregation effect of triflusal can be studied successfully with the optical method. Each of the platelet aggregation methods has value for evaluating the effects by various mechanisms of the anti-platelet agents. The ideal method for estimating the platelet aggregation as it relates to safety and efficacy in patients treated with anti-platelet agents will need to be determined in clinical trials.

지속형 인슐린 투여 중인 제2형 당뇨병환자에서 단기간 전화 상담이 혈당관리에 미치는 효과

최인환,최영식,박요한 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Background: Diabetes is a chronic non-curable diseases with chronic complications. To maintain within normal blood sugar level is demanded for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a short-term telephone counsel on glucose control in LantusⓇ using type 2 diabetes. Methods: Sevety-one type 2 diabetes patients who were treated with LantusⓇ at Kosin University Gospel hospital participated. Thirty-three were assigned to control group and 38 were intervention group. Telephone counsel was applied three times per week and both groups were assessed by pre-test, and at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. Results: In control groups, the mean fasting blood sugar level of pretest (199.03±37.62 mg/dL) was significantly decreased after 1 month (138.83±25.88 mg/dL), 2 months (129.21±27.07 mg/dL), and 3 months (112.48±9.165 mg/dL), respectively (p<0.001). HbA1c level of pretest (9.95± 1.28 %) also significantly decreased after 3 month (7.92±0.65 %) (p<0.001). In intervention groups, the mean fasting blood sugar level of pretest (199.82±46.94 mg/dL) was significantly decreased after 1 month (145.24±21.53 mg/dL), 2 months (127.21±17.89 mg/dL), and 3 months (123.06±17.66 mg/dL), respectively (p<0.001). HbA1c level of pretest (10.67± 2.11 %) also significantly decreased after 3 month (7.15±0.49%) (p<0.001). After 3 months of consults, significant differences of the mean fasting blood sugar and HbA1c levels between both groups were founded. Increasement of mean body weight was lower than 0.5kg in both group. Care satisfaction scale was also significantly differed between control and intervention groups. Conclusions: These findings indicated that short-term telephone counsel would improve glucose levels and HbA1c in insulin treated type 2 diabetes.

S-208 In-Stent Restenosis-prone Lesion Characteristics

( Duck-jun Seo ),( Yong-kyun Kim ),( Ki-hong Kim ),( Taek-geun Kwon ),( In-geol Song ),( Dong-ju Yang ),( Wan-ho Kim ),( Yo-han Park ),( Hwan-hyi Cho ),( Young-hoon Seo ),( Hyun-woong Park ),( Jang-ho 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Objective: Instent restenosis (ISR) remains still an important issue even in drug-eluting stents era. We hypothesized that higher inflammatory reaction, which is known as an important atherosclerotic process, at the culprit lesion may have higher restenosis. We sought to evaluate the baseline coronary plaque composition in patients with ISR. Methods: Study population consisted of 241 patients with coronary artery disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with virtual histology- intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) and 9 months follow up coronary angiography. We compared coronary plaque composition between patients with ISR and those without ISR. Results: Patients with ISR (n=27, 11.2%) were likely to be older (66.2±9.5 years vs. 58.7±11.7 years, p=0.002), increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 1.60±3.59 mg/dl vs. 0.31±0.76 mg/dl, p<0.001) than those without ISR (n=214, 88.8%). Baseline angiographic, procedural findings and gray scale IVUS findings showed no significant differences between 2 groups. VH-IVUS examination showed necrotic core volume (22.1±19.9 mm3 vs.14.2±12.7 mm3, p=0.045) and percent necrotic core volume (14.3±8.7% vs. 19.5±9.1%, p=0.005) were higher in those without ISR than those with ISR, whereas percent fibrofatty volume was higher (16.6±9.7% vs. 12.4±8.4%, p=0.018) in those with ISR than those without ISR. The independent predictors for ISR were hs-CRP (Odd ratio=3.334, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.158~9.596, p=0.026), and age (Odd ratio=3.557, 95% CI; 1.242~10.192, p=0.018). Conclusions: This study suggests that ISR was not associated with baseline coronary plaque composition but old age and an increased inflammatory marker such as hs-CRP. Keywords: Intravascular Ultrasound, Instent Restenosis, Inflammation and restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention

Metallic alloy nanoparticle-based fabrication and optical properties of a Cu(In₁ ₋ <i> _x </i>Ga<i> _x </i>)S₂ absorber layer for solar cells

Choi, Yo-Min,Lee, Young-In,Kim, Seil,Choa, Yong-Ho Elsevier 2014 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.615 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A highly-densified Cu(In<SUB>1</SUB> <SUB>−</SUB> <I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>Ga<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>)S<SUB>2</SUB> (CIGS2) absorber layer was fabricated using copper, indium and gallium (CIG) metallic alloy nanoparticles synthesized by salt-assisted ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (SAUSP) followed by direct thermal reduction. The reduction process in salt matrix minimized aggregation of CIG metallic alloy nanoparticles that have the potential to lead to higher film densification during sulfurization. To optimize the amount of salt, various NaCl/precursor ratios were used for SAUSP and Cu–In metallic alloy nanoparticles with average particle size of 79nm were obtained. The CIGS2 obtained in the present study exhibited a variable band-gap ranging from 1.46 to 2.4eV depending on the Ga/(In+Ga) ratio, which corresponded to the respective bulk materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CIGS2 absorber is obtained using Cu, In and Ga (CIG) metallic alloy nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> 79nm CIG metallic alloy nanoparticles are obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. </LI> <LI> CIG metallic alloy nanoparticles improve the CIGS2 film densification. </LI> <LI> The band gap of CIGS2 can be controlled by introducing the desired precursor ratio. </LI> </UL> </P>

東醫寶鑑 風門의 中風處方에 對한 分析

康永祿,安澤源,薛仁燦,黃致元 대전대학교 한방병원 2000 惠和醫學 Vol.9 No.1

1. The prescriptions used for jungkyo˘onglagjuˇng(中經絡症) are more frequently used than jungjangbujuˇng(中臟腑症) and also there are many prescriptions for pungdamjoˇlak(風痰阻絡) in the prescriptions used for jungkyo˘nglagjuˇng(中經絡症). 2. The frequency of source of prescriptions is dangyesimboˇb(丹溪心法), uˇihakibmun(醫學入門), taepyo˘nghyeminhwajekukbang(太平惠民和劑局方), manbyo˘nghoechun(萬病回春) in sequence. 3. The classification of prescriptions by efficacy is cho˘ngyo˘lyak(淸熱藥), boikyak(補益藥), haepyoyak(解表藥), hwadampyo˘ngcho˘nyak(化痰平喘藥), go˘pungsu˘byak(祛風濕藥), hwalhyo˘lgo˘o˘yak(活血祛瘀藥), igiyak(理氣藥), pyo˘ngganyak(平肝藥), etc., in sequence, and the frequency of used medicines is bangpung(防風), cho˘ngung(川芎), danggwi(當歸), ganghwal(羌活), insam(人蔘), bakcul(白朮), bakgi(白芷), banha(半夏), mahwang(麻黃), etc., in sequence. 4. The so˘ng(性) of used medicines is mainly onso˘ng(溫性) and hanso˘ng(寒性), the mi(味) is sinmi(辛味), gomi(苦味) in sequence, the gwigyo˘ng(歸經) is gangyo˘ng(肝經), Paegyo˘ng(肺經), bigyo˘ng(脾經), simgyo˘ng(心經), singyo˘ng(腎經), etc., in sequence.

포유동물의 전맥락총 동맥벽의 탄성섬유 분포에 관한 비교형태학적 연구

반영수,장인엽,장신요 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1991 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.15 No.1

A comparative histological study was carried out to observe the elastic fibers contained in the intima. internal elastic membrane, media and adventitia in the anterior choroidal artery walls of 8 species of mammalian including mouse, rat, gold hamster, guinea pig, rabbit, squirrel, roe deer and cow. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The internal elastic membranes in the anterior choroidal arteries were relatively well developed in all the species. 2. The wave numbers of the internal elastic membrane were most numerous and thickest in the cow and roe deer 3. The highest development of the wave was observed in the anterior choroidal artery of the guinea pig. 4. No external elastic membranes were found between the media and the adventitia. but scattered fine irregular fibers were observed at the site.