혈액 내 구리, 아연 및 ceruloplasmin 농도에 흡연, 음주 및 신체적 활동이 미치는 영향

홍연표,강은용,신인철,최병선,박정덕,장임원,박진완 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Objectives : To investigate the influence of smoking, alcohol ingestion, and physical activity on copper and zinc in RBC and serum and serum ceruloplasmin, this study was performed in a cross-sectional study in 113 healthy men aged 20 to 40 years who had no symptomatic liver, heart, gastrointestinal, and other chronic diseases. Methods : At the men's entry into the study, blood samples were drawn from each subject and immediately centrifuged for analysis of copper, zinc, iron, ceruloplasmin, total cholesterol, and hematocrit. Each man completed a questionnaire that provided information on smoking, amount of alcohol intake, and physical activity. Partial regression analysis was performed on confounding variables such as age, body mass index, hematocrit, serum cholesterol, and serum iron. Results : In general linear models, adjustment for confounding variables did not show statistical differences, and there was only an increasing tendency in serum copper in heavy smoker(P=0.0678). There was no difference between high physical activity with mild smokers and lower physical with heavy smokers. Conclusions : This study suggested that copper, zinc and ceruloplasmin were not good biomarker for early effect by smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity in young adult. However, selection bias should be considered in evaluation of this result, and a large prospective study will be needed in advance on usefulness of copper, zinc and ceruloplasmin as a marker for risk factors and early change of atherosclerosis.

남녀 청소년의 노력성 폐활량 및 1초량의 예측

홍연표,정규철 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1989 中央醫大誌 Vol.14 No.4

The forced vital capacity (FVC) and one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV_1) were measured employing Collins Survey Spirometer (Warren E. Collins, Inc.) in 206 healthy male and 196 female students attending middle and high schools in Seoul. Their ages ranged between 12-17 years. The age, height and body weight of each subject were recorded and body surface area, and the ratio of one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity (FEV_1/FVC (%)) were calculated. FVC and FEV_1 show linear increment with age and anthropometric variables except that in females a decrement instead of an increment was observed after 16 years of age. The correlations between FVC, FEV, and FEV_1/FVC(%) on one hand and age and anthropometric variables on the other were calculated. It was found that both FVC and FEV_1 had close correlationship with age and anthropometric variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to correlate the FVC and FEV_1 with age and anthropometric variables. The results showed that both FVC and FEV_1 give the significant regression with age and anthropometric variables in both sexes. FVC and FEV_1 have larger significant regression coefficients and smaller SEE (standard error of estimate) with age, height and body weight in male and with age and height or age, height and body weight in female than other equations. FEV_1/FVC(%) has negative correlation coefficients with body weight but small and mean percentage of FEV_1/FVC(%) were found to be 91.3±5.48% in male and 93.3±5.23% in female. There is no statistical difference in FEV_1/FVC(%) between male and female in all age groups except 13 years of age group.

카드뮴중독의 조기진단을 위한 생물학적 지표탐색 : 요중 Metallothionein 배설량의 의의

홍연표,장임원,박정덕 大韓産業醫學會 1997 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Metallothionein(MT) is a low molecular weight protein that is induced as a defence mechanism for cadmium(Cd) toxicity. In present study, urinary MT was determined using a competitive ELISA in Cd-exposed rats. In addition, measured the urinary, blood and renal Cd concentration and the urinary excretion of total protein, β₂-microglobulin(MG) and Nacetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after Cd injection in Cd-exposed rats with doses of 0.8 and 1.6㎎ Cd/㎏ body weight, respectively. The urinary, blood and renal Cd were specific for Cd-exposure, that increased in proportional to dose of Cd. The urinary and blood Cd tended to slightly decrease, while renal Cd tended to increase by lapse of time after Cd exposure. This finding indicates that renal Cd is more specific than urinary and blood Cd for Cd exposure. The urinary excretion of MT showed a statistically significant increase in Cd exposed rats(0.8 and 1.6 ㎎ Cd/㎏ body weight). The increase of urinary excretion of MT was more evident at 7, 14, 28 days after Cd exposure than the changes of urinary excretion of total protein, β₂-MG and NAG. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between urinary Cd and urinary MT, β₂-MG, NAG and total protein were 0.4344, 0.3727, 0.3307 and 0.2099, respectively. These findings indicate that the urinary MT is more sensitive and specific than total protein, β₂-MG and nag for Cd exposure. The present results suggest that the urinary MT, using a simple and rapid competitive ELISA, is a valuable index and screening test in epidemiologic study for Cd exposed group.

휠체어 농구 자유투 동작 시 상체분절의 운동학적 요인 분석

이연종,한희창,이훈표 한국특수체육학회 2003 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.11 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analysis the kinematical variables of one-hand free throw in wheelchair basketball. The subjects of this study were four male wheelchair players registrated in wheelchair basketball athletes. Free throw motions were taken by three video cameras. Three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. The variables were the time duration, displacement, velocity, angle, angular velocity during performing the free throw motion. The result of analysis is summarized as follow. In performing the free throw motion, the duration of backward motion showed longer than its of forward motion, and most subject used forearm for extending the elbow joint than hand upperarm segment. Therefore for improving free throw motion skill in wheelchair basketball players it should be trained the increase of wrist snap motion.

보행속도에 따른 심박수 및 에너지 대사량

홍연표,정규철 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1982 中央醫大誌 Vol.7 No.4

In order to search for the methods predicting energy metabolism and estimation of physical fitness as as index of heart rate having smaller measurement error and which would be simple to measure, this study was performed on healthy but unathletic males(aged 20∼25) during 20 minutes walking on a levle treadmill at 6 differentt speeds(2,4,5,6,7 and 9㎞/hr). Heart rate was measured during walking on a level treadmill and in a reating state using the telemeter of Heart Checker 108 System(Senoh Co., Japan). Oxygen uptake and CO_2 output were determined by collecting expired air into Douglas bag during one minute period after 15 minutes of walking, and during 5 miutes at a resting state. The air collected was gauged through a wet test gas meter(Precision Scientific Co., U.S.A.)and analyzed with Orsat gas analyzer(Fisher Co.,U.S.A.)into percentages of oxygen and CO_2. Then, respiratory quotient(R.Q.) and energy metabolism(㎉/hr/㎡)were calculated using caloride table of Zuntz and Schrumberg per body surface area. Oxygen uptake(ml)per kilogram of body weight on a minute at a resting state is defined as 1 Met, and ratios of oxygen uptake during steady state of the walking at 6 different speeds to that at a resting state were calculated. The followings are results obtained from the study: 1. Mean values of heart rate, oxygen uptake and calorie expenditure measured at steady state of each walking speed steadily increased in proportion with thw speed, and the optimal speed of walking was believed to be 4㎞/hr in reviewing rate of increament for these measurement at different speeds. 3. A close linear regressional relationship(y=198.0 x-2.23, r=0.9205:P<0.001)was observed between calorie expenditure(y:㎉/hr/㎡) and oxygen uptake(x:ℓ/min). Qnd these two measurements also showed close linear regressional relationships with heart rate(x: beats/min), the regression being expressed as y=3.62 x-201.9(r=0.8265:P<0.001) for the former, and y=0.0195 x-1.140(rp0.9571:P<0.001) for the latter. 4. Calorie expenditure during walking at a apeed of 2,4,5,6,7 and 9㎞/hr on a level treadmill when expressed in terms of Mets amounted to 2.7(≒2.5), 3.3(≒3.0), 4.1(≒4.0), 5.8(≒6.0),9.0 and 11.8(≒12).

일부 한국인의 혈중 Polychlorinated Biphenyls(PCBs)

장임원,홍연표 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.1

The blood polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were measured by a capillary gas chromatography(Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) in 24 females and 53 males Korean aged 10 to 76 years old with on known expousre to PCBs. There were 10 isomers of PCBs. The blood PCBs showed lower than 3.5 ppb which 1.04±0.53 ppb in female and 1.04±0.59 ppb in male, respectively, and left skewed log-normally distribution.

치과진료실에서의 감염방지 대책에 관한 조사

윤미숙,홍연표,정연강 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 1997 중앙간호논문집 Vol.1 No.2

To investigate on infection control in some dental clinics in korea. This study was performed on 300 hygienists who are registered on the association of korea dental hygienist and work at dental clinics from November to December, 1995. Each subjects completed the questionnaire which compased of place of employment of dental hygienist, location of clinics, number of outpatients, educational experience about infection control of dental hygienist on infection control and age of dentists as independent varianbles and use of sterilization methods and protection devices as dependent variables. Data Was expressed as percentage and anlayzed as chi-square method using SPSS/PC + 4.0. There was a significant higher performance rate in use of sterilization methods and protection devices in dental clinics of general hospital than private and public dental clinics. There was no difference in use of sterilization methods and protection devices according to location, number of outpatients of dental clinics and age of dentists. In case of dental hygienists who getting educational experience about infection control, the rate of use of sterilization methods and protective devices was higher than no educational experience. This results suggested that the education about infection control and the follow-up study to investigate he causes of low performance in use sterilizsation methods and protective devices in dental clinics was needed.

카드뮴 정맥주사시 랏트의 치사율과 간, 신에서의 양-반응관계

김인봉,박정덕,홍연표,장임원 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.4

To investigate the lethality and dose-response relationship in liver and kidney of rats at 48 hours after cadmium exposure, single doses of cadmium chloride were given to Sprague-Dawley male rats by tail-intravenous injection with several groups of doses ranging from 2 to 8 mg CdCl_2/kg for lethality and from 0.2 to 3.2 mg CdCl_2/kg for dose-response relationship. In addition, control was treated with distilled water by same method. Hepatic and renal cadmium concentrations were analyzed with I.C.P.(Inductively Coupled Plasm) Emission Spectrometry (Jobin Yvon, Model JY 24, France). Dosages over 4 mg/kg were relevant to LD_100 and LD_50 was calculated as 3.3 mg/kg at 48 hours after cadmium chloride exposure in rat. The concentration in liver and kidney were increased according to given doses, and dose-response relationship was expressed as log Cd in liver= 0.8799+0.913×log Dose (F=1116.1, r=0.9877) and log Cd in kidney= 0.2542+0.0653×log Dose (F=884.8, r=0.9845), respectively. Also, the correlation between hepatic and renal cadmium concentration was highly significant(p<0.01), and dose-response relationship was expressed as long Cd in kidney = -0.6649+1.0259×log Cd in liver (F=411.1, r=0.9676). I consider that this data will be useful for the further studying of low-dose cadmium toxicity.

일부 치과기공소의 작업장내 공기와 기공사의 혈중 니켈, 크롬 및 카드뮴함량에 대한 연구

민병국,박정덕,홍연표,장임원 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

To evaluate some health hazards of dental technician by metal pollution, nickel, chromium and cadmium levels in indoor air of 8 laboratories and in whole bolld of 69 male dental technicians were investigated. Six offices and 36 male office workers were studied as control group. Airborne metals were mesured at breathing zone by personal air sampling method. Collected samples were pretreated by wet digestion, and nickel, chromium and cadmium were determined by flameless method using A.A. spectrophotometer. Also, the nickel, chromium and cadmium concentrations in whole blood were determined by A.A. spectrophotometer after simple dilution with distilled water. the airborne nickel, chromium and cadmium contents were higher in dental laboratory than in office, and higher in polish section than in carving section of the dental laboratory. But all of the airborne metals were ranged within TLV(Threshold Limit Value). Blood nickel, chromium and cadmium levels in dental technician and office-worker, but was not significant difference between polish and carving section of dental technician. Blood nickel concentration of dental technician was correlated with occupational career(r=0.2439, p<0.05) and increased according to occupational duration(F=2.90, p<0.05). Blood chromium and cadmium concentations were not significant difference between dental technician and office worker. Smoking increased only bolld cadmium level in office-worker.

고속액체크로마토그래피-가시선/자외선 검출기를 이용한 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 검출 방법 검증과 일부 한국 성인 남성 혈액 중 DEHP 정량

양윤정,명순철,김세철,홍연표 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적: 이 연구는 HPLC-UV를 이용한 생체 시료 중 저농도의 DEHP 분석법을 CDER 기준에 따라 검증하고 검증된 분석법으로 일부 한국의 혈장 중의 DEHP를 분석하여 인체 노출 정도를 뒷받침할 수 있는 기초 자료를 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 혈액 내 DEHP 정량을 위한 HPLC-UV 정량 분석법을 CDER의 검증 기준인 검량선 및 직선성과 정밀성, 정확성에 대해 시행하였다. 검증된 분석법으로 울산과 춘천 일부 지역의 근로자 30세 이상 60세 이하의 건강한 남성 255명으로부터 채취한 혈액 내 DEHP를 정량하였다. 결과: 혈액 중 DEHP 정량을 위해 사용된 HPLC-UV는 표준액 0∼150 μg/l 에서 직선성을 나타냈다(r²=0.999). 검량한계는 5.22 μg/l , 정량한계는 15.81 μg/l 이었다. 정밀성과 정확도는 2.5 μg/l DEHP 농도에서 첫째 날을 제외하고는 둘째 날과 셋째 날은 CDER 기준에 적합하였다. 50 μg/l 과 150 μg/l DEHP 농도는 모두 CDER 기준에 적합하였다. 대상자의 98 %가 10 μg/l 이하이었고, 85%는 5 μg/l 이하이었고 왼쪽으로 치우친 분포를 나타냈으며, 최고 농도는 18.9 μg/l 이었다. 대상자의 혈액의 DEHP 농도의 기하평균과 기하표준편차는 0.4±1.5 μg/l 이었다. 결론: 본 연구에 사용된 HPLC-UV를 이용한 혈액 중 DEHP 분석법은 CDER 기준에 따라 검증한 결과 정밀도, 정확도, 검출한계 및 정량한계 등 모든 항목에서 기준에 적합하였다. 일부 한국 성인 남자의 혈액 중 DEHP 농도는 0∼18.9 μg/l 이었으며 왼쪽으로 치우친 분포를 나타냈다. Objectives: This study was conducted to validate a simple, rapid and sensitive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detector (HPLC-UV) and present the plasma level of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in some Korean male workers. Methods: HPLC-UV for quantification of plasma DEHP was validated by the following guideline from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) - calibration/standard curve, precision, accuracy and recovery. Plasma DEHP from 255 healthy Korean male workers aged from 30 to 60 years was analyzed by validated HPLC-UV method. Results: The calibration curve over the range 0∼150 μg/l for the plasma DEHP standard solution showed linearity(r²=0.999). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of plasma DEHP were 5.22 μg/l and 15.81 μg/l , respectively. The accuracy and precision for 2.5 μg/l of DEHP were acceptable in CDER guideline on the second and third day but not first day, and those for 50 μg/l and 150 μg/l of DEHP were acceptable on all three days(Ed-confirm this addition). The distribution of plasma DEHP level was skewed to the left and ranged from 0 to 18.9 μg/l. The plasma DEHP level was lower than 10 μg/l for 98 % of subjects and lower than 5 μg/l for 85 %. The geometric mean and standard deviation of plasma DEHP were 0.4±1.5 μg/l. Conclusions: The HPLC-UV method for quantification of plasma DEHP was acceptable by CDER guideline. The plasma DEHP of 255 Korean male workers ranged from 0 to 18.9 μg/l and the distribution was skewed to the left.