Carbohydrate and lipid spectroscopic molecular structures of different alfalfa hay and their relationship with nutrient availability in ruminants

Yari, Mojtaba,Valizadeh, Reza,Nnaserian, Abbas Ali,Jonker, Arjan,Yu, Peiqiang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.11

Objective: This study was conducted to determine molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipid in alfalfa hay cut at early bud, late bud and early flower and in the afternoon and next morning using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) and to determine their relationship with alfalfa hay nutrient profile and availability in ruminants. Methods: Chemical composition analysis, carbohydrate fractionation, in situ ruminal degradability, and DVE/OEB model were used to measure nutrient profile and availability of alfalfa hay. Univariate analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (CLA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were conducted to identify FT/IR spectra differences. Results: The FT/IR non-structural carbohydrate (NSCHO) to total carbohydrates and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios decreased (p<0.05), while lignin to NSCHO and lipid CH3 symmetric to CH2 symmetric ratios increased with advancing maturity (p<0.05). The FT/IR spectra related to structural carbohydrates, lignin and lipids were distinguished for alfalfa hay at three maturities by PCA and CLA, while FT/IR molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipids were similar between alfalfa hay cut in the morning and afternoon when analyzed by PCA and CLA analysis. Positive correlations were found for FT/IR NSCHO to total carbohydrate and NSCHO to structural carbohydrate ratios with non-fiber carbohydrate (by wet chemistry), ruminal fast and intermediately degradable carbohydrate fractions and total ruminal degradability of carbohydrates and predicted intestinal nutrient availability in dairy cows ($r{\geq}0.60$; p<0.05) whereas FT/IR lignin to NSCHO and CH3 to CH2 symmetric stretching ratio had negative correlation with predicted ruminal and intestinal nutrient availability of alfalfa hay in dairy cows ($r{\geq}-0.60$; p<0.05). Conclusion: FT/IR carbohydrate and lipid molecular structures in alfalfa hay changed with advancing maturity from early bud to early flower, but not during the day, and these molecular structures correlated with predicted nutrient supply of alfalfa hay in ruminants.

Hydrodynamic analysis of the surface-piercing propeller in unsteady open water condition using boundary element method

Yari, Ehsan,Ghassemi, Hassan The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2016 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.8 No.1

This article investigates numerical modeling of surface piercing propeller (SPP) in unsteady open water condition using boundary element method. The home code based on BEM has been developed for the prediction of propeller performance, unsteady ventilation pattern and cross flow effect on partially submerged propellers. To achieve accurate results and correct behavior extraction of the ventilation zone, finely mesh has generated around the propeller and especially in the situation intersection of propeller with the free surface. Hydrodynamic coefficients and ventilation pattern on key blade of SPP are calculated in the different advance coefficients. The values obtained from this numerical simulation are plotted and the results are compared with experiments data and ventilation observations. The predicted ventilated open water performances of the SPP as well as ventilation pattern are in good agreement with experimental data. Finally, the results of the BEM code/experiment comparisons are discussed.

Numerical analysis of sheet cavitation on marine propellers, considering the effect of cross flow

Yari, Ehsan,Ghassemi, Hassan The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.4

The research performed in this paper was carried out to investigate the numerical analysis of the sheet cavitation on marine propeller. The method is boundary element method (BEM). Using the Green's theorem, the velocity potential is expressed as an integral equation on the surface of the propeller by hyperboloid-shaped elements. Employing the boundary conditions, the potential is determined via solving the resulting system of equations. For the case study, a DTMB4119 propeller is analyzed with and without cavitating conditions. The pressure distribution and hydrodynamic performance curves of the propellers as well as cavity thickness obtained by numerical method are calculated and compared by the experimental results. Specifically in this article cavitation changes are investigate in both the radial and chord direction. Thus, cross flow variation has been studied in the formation and growth of sheet cavitation. According to the data obtained it can be seen that there is a better agreement and less error between the numerical results gained from the present method and Fluent results than Hong Sun method. This confirms the accurate estimation of the detachment point and the cavity change in radial direction.

The MMP-2 -735 C Allele is a Risk Factor for Susceptibility to Breast Cancer

Yari, Kheirollah,Rahimi, Ziba,Moradi, Mohamad Taher,Rahimi, Zohreh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Background: The expression of MMP genes has been demonstrated to be associated with tumor invasion, metastasis and survival rate for a variety of cancers. The functional promoter polymorphism MMP-2 C-735T is associated with decreased expression of the MMP-2 gene. The aim of present study was to detect any association between MMP-2 C-735T and susceptibility to breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The MMP-2 C-735T polymorphism was studied in 233 women (98 with breast cancer and 135 healthy controls). All studied women were from Kermanshah and Ilam provinces of Western Iran. The MMP-2 C-735T polymorphism was detected using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The frequencies of MMP-2 CC, CT and TT genotypes in healthy individuals were 59.3, 38.5 and 2.2%, respectively. However, in breast cancer patients, only CC (71.4%) and CT (28.6%) genotypes were observed (p=0.077). In patients the frequency of the MMP-2 C allele was significantly higher (85.7%) compared to that in controls (78.5 %, p=0.048). The presence of C allele of MMP-2 increased the risk of breast cancer by 1.64-fold [OR=1.64 (95%CI 1.01-2.7, p=0.049)]. The frequency of MMP-2 C allele was also higher in patients ${\leq}40$ years (88.9%) than those aged ${\geq}41$ years (67.5%, p=0.07). In addition, the frequency of MMP-2 C allele tended to be higher in patients with a family history of cancer in first-degree relatives (76.6%) compared to that without a family history of cancer (67.3%, p=0.31). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the C allele of MMP-2 C-735T polymorphism is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Also, the MMP-2 C allele might increase the risk of young onset breast cancer in our population.

Assessment of Semi-Quantitative Health Risks of Exposure to Harmful Chemical Agents in the Context of Carcinogenesis in the Latex Glove Manufacturing Industry

Yari, Saeed,Asadi, Ayda Fallah,Varmazyar, Sakineh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Excessive exposure to chemicals in the workplace can cause poisoning and various diseases. Thus, for the protection of labor, it is necessary to examine the exposure of people to chemicals and risks from these materials. The purpose of this study is to evaluate semi-quantitative health risks of exposure to harmful chemical agents in the context of carcinogenesis in a latex glove manufacturing industry. In this cross-sectional study, semi-quantitative risk assessment methods provided by the Department of Occupational Health of Singapore were used and index of LD50, carcinogenesis (ACGIH and IARC) and corrosion capacity were applied to calculate the hazard rate and the biggest index was placed as the basis of risk. To calculate the exposure rate, two exposure index methods and the actual level of exposure were employed. After identifying risks, group H (high) and E (very high) classified as high-risk were considered. Of the total of 271 only 39 (15%) were at a high risk level and 3% were very high (E). These risks only was relevant to 7 materials with only sulfuric acid placed in group E and 6 other materials in group H, including nitric acid (48.3%), chromic acid (6.9%), hydrochloric acid (10.3%), ammonia (3.4%), potassium hydroxide (20.7%) and chlorine (10.3%). Overall, the average hazard rate level was estimated to be 4 and average exposure rate to be 3.5. Health risks identified in this study showed that the manufacturing industry for latex gloves has a high level of risk because of carcinogens, acids and strong alkalisand dangerous drugs. Also according to the average level of risk impact, it is better that the safety design strategy for latex gloves production industry be placed on the agenda.

Portfolio Selection in the Credibilistic Framework Using Renyi Entropy and Renyi Cross Entropy

Yari, Gholanhossein,Sajedi, Alireza,Rahimi, Mohamadtaghi Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.18 No.1

In this study, the Renyi entropy-mean-variance maximization and Renyi cross entropy-mean-variance minimization models for portfolio selection with fuzzy return were investigated under the credibility theory framework. We also attempted to examine the relationship between credibilistic Renyi entropy-mean-variance and Renyi cross entropy-mean-variance models. The effect of the ${\upsilon}$ parameter in Renyi entropy and Renyi cross entropy on optimal portfolio selection was considered using the presented models.

바이트코드 최적화기

이야리(Yari Lee),홍경표(Kyungpyo Hong),오세만(Seman Oh) 한국정보과학회 2003 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.30 No.1·2

자바언어는 인터넷 및 분산 환경 시스템에서 효과적으로 응용 프로그램을 개발할 수 있도록 설계된 프로그래밍 언어로써 객체지향 패러다임 특성 및 다양한 개발 환경을 지원하고 있다. 그러나, 자바는 클래스 파일이 이동하여 JVM 환경에서 인터프리팅 되는 시스템이므로, 성능의 저하 없이 실행되기 위해서는 효율적인 최적화와 실행 시스템이 요구된다. 본 논문은 네트워크 상에서 동적으로 다운로드 되는 클래스 파일을 바이트코드 수준에서 최적화 하였다. 최적화된 바이트코드들이 인터프리팅 되는 시스템에서 적은 네트워크 로드를 가지고 실행할 수 있도록 하며, 효율적인 실행 속도를 보이도록 하는 것이다. 본 논문에서 구현된 바이트코드 최적화기에서는 내부적으로 바이트코드 최적화기와 클래스 파일 생성기를 이용하여 실행시간을 개선하고 전체 클래스 파일의 크기를 줄이게 된다. 바이트코드 최적화기는 바이트코드를 클래스사이의 계층 분석과 제어 흐름의 분석을 통하여 클래스들간의 연관 관계를 분석한 후 그래프를 구성하고, 패턴 탐색 결과 기본 블록 분리를 통하여 전역 최적화를 이루고, 기본 블록 안에서의 연산강도 경감, 그리고 도달할 수 없는 코드 블록의 제거를 수행한다. 바이트코드 최적화 단계를 수행한 클래스 파일은 부분적으로 클래스 파일의 최적화를 가져와 전체 클래스 파일의 크기를 줄이고, 인터프리터를 통하여 실행될 때 수행 속도 면에서 좀더 빠른 실행속도를 가지게 된다. The Java programming language is designed for developing effective applications in a heterogeneous network environment. Major problem in Java is its performance. Many attractive features of Java make the development of software easy, but also make it expensive to support; applications written in Java are often much slower than their counterparts written in C or C++. To use Java´s attractive features without the performance penalty, sophisticated optimizations and runtime systems are required. Optimizing Java bytecode is a widespread topic of many ongoing researches. Developing an optimizer for the Java bytecode has several advantages. First, the bytecode is independent of any compiler that is used to generate it. Second, the bytecode optimization can be performed as a pre-pass to Just-In-Time(JIT) compilation. Many attractive features of Java make the development of software easy, but also make it expensive to support. The goal of this work is to develop automatic construction of code optimizer for Java bytecode. We’ve designed and implemented a Bytecode Optimizer that performs the peephole optimization, bytecode-specific optimization, and method-inlining techniques. Using the Classfile optimizer, we see up to 9% improvement in speed and about 20% size reduction in java class files, when compared to average code using the interpreter alone.

Hydrodynamic analysis of the surface-piercing propeller in unsteady open water condition using boundary element method

Ehsan Yari,Hassan Ghassemi 대한조선학회 2016 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.8 No.1

This article investigates numerical modeling of surface piercing propeller (SPP) in unsteady open water condition using boundary element method. The home code based on BEM has been developed for the prediction of propeller performance, unsteady ventilation pattern and cross flow effect on partially submerged propellers. To achieve accurate results and correct behavior extraction of the ventilation zone, finely mesh has generated around the propeller and especially in the situation intersection of propeller with the free surface. Hydrodynamic coefficients and ventilation pattern on key blade of SPP are calculated in the different advance coefficients. The values obtained from this numerical simulation are plotted and the results are compared with experiments data and ventilation observations. The predicted ventilated open water performances of the SPP as well as ventilation pattern are in good agreement with experimental data. Finally, the results of the BEM code/experiment comparisons are discussed.

Review of Isoflavones and Their Potential Clinical Impacts on Cardiovascular and Bone Metabolism Markers in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Zahra Yari 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.27 No.4

Numerical analysis of sheet cavitation on marine propellers,considering the effect of cross flow

Ehsan Yari,Hassan Ghassemi 대한조선학회 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.4

The research performed in this paper was carried out to investigate the numerical analysis of the sheet cavitation on marine propeller. The method is boundary element method (BEM). Using the Green’s theorem, the velocity potential is expressed as an integral equation on the surface of the propeller by hyperboloid-shaped elements. Employing the boundary conditions, the potential is determined via solving the resulting system of equations. For the case study,a DTMB4119 propeller is analyzed with and without cavitating conditions. The pressure distribution and hydrodynamic performance curves of the propellers as well as cavity thickness obtained by numerical method are calculated and compared by the experimental results. Specifically in this article cavitation changes are investigate in both the radial and chord direction. Thus, cross flow variation has been studied in the formation and growth of sheet cavitation. According to the data obtained it can be seen that there is a better agreement and less error between the numerical results gained from the present method and Fluent results than Hong Sun method. This confirms the accurate estimation of the detachment point and the cavity change in radial direction.