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Natural Course of Hepatitis C Infection in Japan
Yano, KoJi,Yatsuhashi, Hiroshi,Yano, Michitami 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.41 No.3
The natural course of chronic hepatitis C can be classified into several phases. These phases include persistent phase, asymptomatic phase, and active or aggressive phase. Chronic persistent hepatitis progresses very slowly, if any. On the other hand, chronic aggressive hepatitis frequently develops liver cirrhosis soon. The difference between these two probably depends on the host immune system that is related to age, rather than the duration of infection. Our longitudinal study revealed that chronic persistent hepatitis often transforms to active or aggressive hepatitis at around the age of 45. Chronic persistent hepatitis progresses very slowly, if any. On the other hand, chronic aggressive hepatitis frequently develops liver cirrhosis soon. The difference between these two probably depends on the host immune system that is related to age. The unknown factor(s) that are related to the host immune system changes around 45 years of age. Our longitudinal study revealed that chronic persistent hepatitis often transforms to aggressive hepatitis around the age of 45. Accordingly, aging is one of the most important factors that contribute to LC and HCC development.
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Takaaki Yano,Kenji Yano 대한대장항문학회 2015 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.31 No.3
Purpose: Injection sclerotherapy for hemorrhoids has been performed for many years. Currently, 5% phenol in almond oil (PAO) and aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA) are used as the agents. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the two agents. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 135 patients who underwent injection therapy for grade 3 hemorrhoids for the first time between 2013 and 2014 (PAO, 55 patients; ALTA, 80 patients). The efficacy was established as the proportion (%) of patients without symptoms such as hemorrhage and prolapse one year after treatment. We investigated four factors—sex, age, number of hemorrhoids, and agent—that might have an influence on the efficacy. Results: The efficacies of ALTA and PAO one year after treatment were 75% and 20%, respectively. Only the agent was a significant independent factor (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that ALTA is markedly more useful than PAO for injection sclerotherapy for grade 3 hemorrhoids.
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An Improvement of Particle Swarm Optimization with A Neighborhood Search Algorithm
Yano, Fumihiko,Shohdohji, Tsutomu,Toyoda, Yoshiaki Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2007 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.6 No.1
J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart first introduced the concept called as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). They applied it to optimize continuous nonlinear functions and demonstrated the effectiveness of the algorithm. Since then a considerable number of researchers have attempted to apply this concept to a variety of optimization problems and obtained reasonable results. In PSO, individuals communicate and exchange simple information with each other. The information among individuals is communicated in the swarm and the information between individuals and their swarm is also shared. Finally, the swarm approaches the optimal behavior. It is reported that reasonable approximate solutions of various types of test functions are obtained by employing PSO. However, if more precise solutions are required, additional algorithms and/or hybrid algorithms would be necessary. For example, the heading vector of the swarm can be slightly adjusted under some conditions. In this paper, we propose a hybrid algorithm to obtain more precise solutions. In the algorithm, when a better solution in the swarm is found, the neighborhood of a certain distance from the solution is searched. Then, the algorithm returns to the original PSO search. By this hybrid method, we can obtain considerably better solutions in less iterations than by the standard PSO method.
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The Struggle of Love for Peace
Yano Takayoshi 대한공간정보학회 2008 한국지형공간정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.12
The theme of FAUST play is the struggle between love from God and lust which is made by the devil, Satan. Faust fell due to desire but his satisfaction changed to suffering. Finally he came to his senses of true love. The motif that the devil changes to man and leads woman to temptation to covet her body is common in the literature in Korea and Japan. Japanese Kagai is an old play which celebrates fertility and breeding in the farming festival in the year. Man plays god who visits a virgin to marry with her one night. Woman waits for a visiting of god and accept it in the play of festival. They sing songs which are transmitted from the old times. They enjoy it all night and part in the morning. On the other hand, Song of Cho-jong is a song which has been sung in the spiritual event in Korea historically. The devil which has lust for the wife of Cho-jong visits her home when Cho-jong is not at home and he unites with her. At that time Cho-jong returns home. They are caught in the act in front of Cho-jong but Cho-jong leaves there without saying anything. His action is only singing a song and dancing. The Devil is much moved to generosity of Cho-jong and repents his deed immediately in front of him. The purpose of the devil which appeared in FAUST, Kagai, Song of Cho-jong are all same. Their aim was to have sexual relationship with women. And they did it borrowing the body of man. In the western world it is called the devil and in the east it is called god. But we can regard it as Satan because they tempt human to adultery. We can see that Satan makes woman fall to disrupt her love and peace.
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( Yano Takayoshi ) 한국일어일문학회 2013 日語日文學硏究 Vol.87 No.2
本稿は日本古代の祭の遊びにおける性と近世の遊廓における性の類似性に着目し、北村透谷の粹論を日本古代の祭で歌われた古代歌謠に照らしあわせて分析することで粹の遊びとしての性格を明らかにしようとしたものである。粹は江戶時代に遊廓を母胎として形成された性を遊戱とする町人文化である。これは男女が戀を演じ、性愛を享樂しようとしたものであり、男女があくまで遊びのために關係することを理念としている。これは古代の神婚儀禮の神遊びを繼承したものと言え、日本古代の色好みの理念から來ていると思われる。 透谷はまた社會的に疎外された人間が現實を逸脫するために遊廓を求めた側面を指摘した。身分的に最低の地位にあった町人がその精神的苦痛の出口を遊廓という非日常世界に求めたというのであるが、古代の祭においても同じことが言える。古代社會で最低の立場にあった農民たちはその苦しい生活を忘れるために祭という別天地に自由を求めた。このようにして祭りの民俗を背景に尋常でない性の遊びが非日常的世界において公然と行われたと言える。 Tokoku Kitamura said that Sui idea in the modern period came from Huga idea in Heian period in Japan. Huga means the refined taste which is one of the element of Irogonomi, amorous character in 10th century. Tokoku pointed out the character as the play between man and woman in Sui idea. Man enjoy the pleasures of the senses with woman in special time and special space. Man and woman play the role of lover just one night. Their relationship is always temporary. They do not want to continue their relationship. This is the character of Sui between man and woman. In ancient Japanese festival there were sexual festival. In this festival people played the role of lover each other just one night. This play came from the ceremony of marriage between gods and virgin. This was the magic rituals for breeding of children and fertility of farm products. Sui idea has the same character of play as ancient Japanese festival such as Kagai. Because they play love affair as if they were lover but they must not love each other seriously.
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Yano, Y.,Kojima, T.,Fukuzumi, S. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2011 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.374 No.1
A novel TPA derivative (TPA=tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) having two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) moieties via amide linkage was synthesized and this ligand reacted with [Ru(hmb)Cl<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUB>2</SUB> (hmb: hexamethylbenzene) to give a trinuclear Ru(II) complex, [RuCl(TPA-{phenRuCl(hmb)}<SUB>2</SUB>-H<SUP>+</SUP>)](PF<SUB>6</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (1-Cl), in a moderate yield. The complex involves a deprotonated and oxygen-coordinated amide linkage, which exhibits reversible protonation-deprotonation equilibrium. The chlorido complex was converted to be an aqua complex, [Ru(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)(TPA-{phenRu(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>2</SUB>(hmb)}<SUB>2</SUB>-H<SUP>+</SUP>)](SO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>5/2</SUB> (1-H<SUB>2</SUB>O), by the reaction of 1-Cl with Ag<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> in H<SUB>2</SUB>O. Transfer hydrogenation of ketones was examined by using 1-Cl as a catalyst and HCOONa as a hydride source in H<SUB>2</SUB>O/CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH (1:1 v/v) at 50<SUP>o</SUP>C under Ar. The time-course of the transfer hydrogenation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexanol revealed that 1-Cl showed a cooperative effect on the catalytic reactivity as compared with that of mononuclear [RuCl(hmb)(phen)] (3-Cl) and [RuCl((1-Naph)<SUB>2</SUB>-TPA)]PF<SUB>6</SUB> in H<SUB>2</SUB>O/CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH (1:2 v/v) under the same conditions. The detailed kinetic study has revealed that the catalytic transfer hydrogenation proceeds via the formato complex, which interacts with a substrate rather than via the hydrido complex. The two Ru centers placed at close proximity in 1-H<SUB>2</SUB>O enhanced the interaction of the formato complex with a substrate, resulting in an increase in the catalytic reactivity as compared with the mononuclear complex.
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“ON–OFF” switching of europium complex luminescence coupled with a ligand redox process
Yano, Masafumi,Matsuhira, Keisuke,Tatsumi, Masakazu,Kashiwagi, Yukiyasu,Nakamoto, Masami,Oyama, Munetaka,Ohkubo, Kei,Fukuzumi, Shunich,Misaki, Hitomi,Tsukube, Hiroshi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Chemical communications Vol.48 No.34
<P>A triarylamine-functionalized terpyridine ligand formed a highly coordinated complex with europium tris(β-diketonate), which displayed reversible ‘‘ON–OFF’’ luminescence switching coupled with a ligand redox process of triarylamine/triarylaminium cations.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A triarylamine-functionalized terpyridine ligand formed a highly coordinated complex with europium tris(β-diketonate), which displayed reversible ‘‘ON–OFF’’ luminescence switching coupled with a ligand redox process of triarylamine/triarylaminium cations. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cc31078c'> </P>
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