Deep sequencing reveals microRNA signature is altered in the rat epididymis following bilateral castration

Yanling Liu,Haiyan Wang,Yangmei Qin,Juan Liu,Ning Li,Zhiliang Ji,Jianyuan Li 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.7

Background In the epididymis of bilateral castrated male rat, gene expression profile changed significantly. However, up to date, no study has investigated how these genes were regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). Objective We investigated the alterations in the miRNA signature of the epididymis from sham-operated and bilaterally castrated rats. Methods By employing deep sequencing technology and qPCR, the global alterations of epididymal miRNA signature between sham-operated (Con-EP library) and bilaterally castrated rats (Cas-EP library) were explored. MiRNA-target interaction networks were annotated by GO and KEGG enrichment. Results We identified 313 and 306 known miRNAs as well as 152 and 114 novel miRNAs in the Con-EP and Cas-EP libraries, respectively. 59 miRNAs were differentially expressed, including 24 up-regulated and 35 down-regulated miRNAs, among which two up-regulated and three down-regulated ones were validated using qPCR. The expression of these miRNAs in the epididymides of rats at different postnatal ages showed regular changes from birth to adult, suggesting they were androgen-regulated. GO analysis showed that many of the miRNA targets were enriched in metabolic processes. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the targets mainly participated in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Moreover, 3 and 6 functional modules were detected among the up- and down-regulated miRNA target interaction networks, respectively, and these modules were involved in various biological processes. Conclusion This study represents the first systematic investigation of alterations in the miRNA signature of the epididymis from bilaterally castrated rats and will provide useful resources for functional studies of the miRNAs in the male reproductive system.

Preparation of Nanomaterial Wettable Powder Formulations of Antagonistic Bacteria from Phellodendron chinense and the Biological Control of Brown Leaf Spot Disease

Yanling Zeng,Han Liu,Tianhui Zhu,Shan Han,Shujiang Li 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.3

Brown leaf spot disease caused by Nigrospora guilin- ensis on Phellodendron chinense occurs in a large area in Dayi County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China each year. This outbreak has severely reduced the production of Chinese medicinal plants P. chinense and caused substantial economic losses. The bacterial isolate JKB05 was isolated from the healthy leaves of P. chinense, exhibited antagonistic effects against N. guilinensis and was identified as Bacillus megaterium. The following fermentation medium and conditions improved the inhibitory effect of B. megaterium JKB05 on N. guilinensis: 2% glucose, 0.1% soybean powder, 0.1% KCl, and 0.05% MgSO4; initial concentration 6 × 106 cfu/ml, and a 42-h optimal fermentation time. A composite of 0.1% nano-SiO2 JKB05 improved the thermal stability, acid-base stability and ultraviolet resistance by 16%, 12%, and 38.9%, respectively, and nano-SiO2 was added to the fermentation process. The best formula for the wettable powder was 35% kaolin, 4% polyethylene glycol, 8% Tween, and 2% humic acid. The following quality test results for the wettable powder were obtained: wetting time 87.0 s, suspension rate 80.33%, frequency of microbial contamination 0.08%, pH 7.2, fineness 95.8%, drying loss 1.47%, and storage stability ≥83.5%. A pot experiment revealed that the ability of JKB05 to prevent fungal infections on P. chinense increased considerably and achieved levels of control as high as 94%. The use of nanomaterials significantly improved the ability of biocontrol bacteria to control this disease.

Waste-to-energy: biobutanol production from cellulosic residue of sweet potato by Clostridia acetobutylicum

Yanling Jin,Liang Zhang,Zhuolin Yi,Yang Fang,Hai Zhao 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.5

Biobutanol has been emerging as a renewable replacement to overcome fossil fuel limit due to its attractive qualities. The waste resources utilization is an economically feasible and eco-friendly way to produce biobutanol. In this work, the potential of butanol fermentation with sweet potato residue (SPR) obtained from ethanol fermentation was evaluated. To assist sugar release for butanol production by Clostridia acetobutylicum, a pretreatment approach with dilute sulfuric acid was established via response surface methodology. The maximum butanol concentration of 3.77 g/L was obtained at the optimal conditions of pretreatment at 1% (v/v) dilute sulfuric acid, and 115℃ for 30 min. Detoxifying the hydrolysate with XAD-4 resin significantly enhanced butanol fermentation performance, while adding nutritional supplements had no significant influence. The stability of the fermentation process was verified by the 2 L-scale of fermentation, resulting in 7.96 g/L of butanol, 13.42 g/L h of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE), and 0.34 g/g of ABE yield, respectively. This study demonstrates a bio-refinery strategy of conversion from waste biomass to energy, confirms the feasibility of utilizing the cost saving SPR as feedstock to produce butanol through fermentation, and provides a novel approach for minimization of environmental pollution.

Annual production of Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta:Tubificidae) in the Donghu Lake, Wuhan, China

Yanling Liang 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1992 環境硏究 Vol.9 No.-

Branchiura sowerbyi in the Donghu Lake (Wuhan. China) completes its life cycle in one year. Its production rates were 6.7 g m^(-3) yr^(-1) (wet weight) during the period from April 1962 to May 1963 and 8.6 g m^(-3) yr^(-1) during the period from August 1963 to August 1964. The standing stocks in corresponding periods were 1.9 g m^(-3) (wet weight) and 1.1 g m^(-3), and the P/B ratios were 3.6 and 7.8. Based on the standing stock during 1973-1975, an evaluation of recent productin levels of B. sowerbyi in Donghu Lake has also been made (i.e. 5.7-33.5 g m^(-3) yr^(-1).

Discrete theory of rolling elements for a cageless ball bearing

Yanling Zhao,Qiyu Wang,Mingzhu Wang,Chengyi Pan,Yudong Bao 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.4

For the case of magnetic levitation loss, the rotor of an active magnetic bearing is forced by gravity to drop onto stator laminations, and cageless touchdown bearings with high rigidity and load-bearing capacity ensure back-up support. However, the contact collision of rolling elements in a cageless bearing will lead to deterioration of bearing performance and instability of the rotor system. For this purpose, a method based on noncontact between adjacent rolling elements in cageless bearings is proposed in this paper. First, combined with space geometry, the contact process and the change in radius of rotation when a rolling element passes through a discrete groove are analysed, and a clearance between the adjacent rolling elements is generated by changing the rotation speed. Based on this, a design principle for setting a discrete groove on an outer ring raceway is proposed, and the equation for the circumferential discrete clearance for the rolling element based on bearing kinematics is given. Combined with the characteristics of discrete groove structures, a differential equation for the discrete dynamics of rolling elements with variable stiffness coefficients is proposed. We then determine the influence of the discrete groove structure on the discrete motion of the rolling element and bearing dynamic characteristics. Third, the dynamics simulation is combined with a vibration characteristics experiment and discrete motion experiment for a rolling element in a cageless bearing. Our research results show that a discrete groove design for the raceway can be used to realize stable discrete motion of the rolling element, and that such a discrete groove structure will not adversely affect the vibration characteristics of the bearing. The feasibility of the discrete design of cageless bearings with rolling element is verified, and theoretical guidance for the development and application of cageless bearings is provided.

Hydrobiology of a flooding ecosystem. Lake Chenhu in Hanyang, Hubei, with preliminary estimation of its potential fisher production capacity

Yanling Liang,Ji Wang,Chuanlin Hu 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1992 環境硏究 Vol.9 No.-

For the purpose of fishery development, a hydrobiological investigation of Lake Chenhu was carried out in 1983 with reference to the productivity of various food organisms as well as fish. Of the entire lake, the annual net primary production was determined to be 27,818 x 10? kcal for wet land vegetation. The annual secondary production chiefly from gastroposd was 2,632 x 10?kcal. On the basis of 1981-1982 fishery data, the production of the main stocked fishes in the lake was also roughly computed. Analysing all obtained production data. we find the energy conversion rate of food organisms to fish in the water at the present stage is fairly low. Even in 1982, the year of beller fishery management, food energy converted to plankton feeders or herbivores was only 1.6-1.8%: energy converted to fish yield was even lower, only 0.2-0.8%. To get a potential fish output of the ecosystem, a lentative estimation of fishery capacity of Lake Chenbu was made by uning the index of fond quotionts and relevant conversion factors. The theoretical fish production in the lake is estimated to be around 6,000 and through the improvement of fishery management and annual fish yield of 2,000 can be experted.

Optimization of Fermentation Medium for Glycyrrhizin Biotransformation to Monoglucuronyl-glycyrrhetinic Acid by Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken Design

( Yanling Quan ),( Lin Wang ),( Yisheng Liu ),( Jingxiang Cong ),( Shengquan Xie ),( Xiuhong Wu ) 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.53 No.3

Plackett-Burman (PB) and Box-Behnken (BB) experimental designs were used to optimize fermentation variables for the biotransformation of glycyrrhizin (GL) to monoglucuronyl-glycyrrhetinic acid (MGGA). The PB design was first used to screen the important factors among the medium variables. The steepest ascent method was used to approach the optimum range for each of these factors. The BB design was finally used to analyze the response surfaces of the screened factors for further optimization. The optimized conditions for this system were 0.7 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, 1.19 g/L GL, and cultivation for six days. The biotransformation of GL to MGGA could reach up to 35.72%, which is a good result for this kind of transformation.

Packing trees into complete k-partite graph

Yanling Peng,Hong Wang 대한수학회 2022 대한수학회보 Vol.59 No.2

In this work, we confirm a weak version of a conjecture proposed by Hong Wang. The ideal of the work comes from the tree packing conjecture made by Gy\'arf\'as and Lehel. Bollob\'as confirms the tree packing conjecture for many small tree, who showed that one can pack $T_1,T_2,\ldots,T_{n/\sqrt{2}}$ into $K_n$ and that a better bound would follow from a famous conjecture of Erd\H{o}s. In a similar direction, Hobbs, Bourgeois and Kasiraj made the following conjecture: Any sequence of trees $T_1,T_2,\ldots,T_n$, with $T_i$ having order $i$, can be packed into $K_{n-1,\lceil n/2\rceil}$. Further Hobbs, Bourgeois and Kasiraj \cite{3} proved that any two trees can be packed into a complete bipartite graph $K_{n-1,\lceil n/2\rceil}$. Motivated by the result, Hong Wang propose the conjecture: For each $k$-partite tree $T(\mathbb{X})$ of order $n$, there is a restrained packing of two copies of $T(\mathbb{X})$ into a complete $k$-partite graph $B_{n+m}(\mathbb{Y})$, where $m=\lfloor\frac{k}{2}\rfloor$. Hong Wong \cite{4} confirmed this conjecture for $k=2$. In this paper, we prove a weak version of this conjecture.

Strong earthquakes and measurement performance of masonry and adobe structures

Yanling Liu,Qinkia Han 국제구조공학회 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.1

Earthquakes, which are unavoidable natural phenomena in Turkey, have often produced economic and social disaster. The latest destructive earthquakes happened inVan city. Van, Turkey, earthquakes with M = 7.2 occurredon 23 October 2011 at 13:41 (local time), whose epicenterwas about 16 km north of Van (Tabanlıvillage) and M = 5.6 on 9 November 2011 epicentered near the town of Edremitsouth of Van in eastern Turkey and caused the loss of lifeand heavy damages. Both earthquakes killed 644 peopleand 2608 people were injured. Approximately 4000 buildings collapsed or were seriously damaged. The majority ofthe damaged structures were seismically insufficient, unreinforced masonry and adobe buildings in rural areas. In thispaper, site surveys of the damaged masonry and adobe buildings are presented and the reasons for the caused damagesare discussed in detail.

Short-Term Wind Speed Forecast Based on Least Squares Support Vector Machine

Yanling Wang,Xing Zhou,Likai Liang,Mingjun Zhang,Qiang Zhang,Zhiqiang Niu 한국정보처리학회 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.6

There are many factors that affect the wind speed. In addition, the randomness of wind speed also leads to lowprediction accuracy for wind speed. According to this situation, this paper constructs the short-timeforecasting model based on the least squares support vector machines (LSSVM) to forecast the wind speed. The basis of the model used in this paper is support vector regression (SVR), which is used to calculate theregression relationships between the historical data and forecasting data of wind speed. In order to improvethe forecast precision, historical data is clustered by cluster analysis so that the historical data whose changingtrend is similar with the forecasting data can be filtered out. The filtered historical data is used as the trainingsamples for SVR and the parameters would be optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO). Theforecasting model is tested by actual data and the forecast precision is more accurate than the industrystandards. The results prove the feasibility and reliability of the model.