Effect of fermentation process on hygiene and perceived quality of lait caillé, an ethnic milk product from Burkina Faso

Bayili Geoffroy Romaric,Konkobo-Yaméogo Charlotte,Diarra Sinaly,Diarra Sinaly,Jespersen Lene,Sawadogo-Lingani Hagretou 한국식품연구원 2023 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.10 No.17

Lait caillé is a traditional fermented milk product in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to contribute to consumer acceptance of lait caillé . For this purpose, the production practices in rural and urban areas were identified through semi-structured interviews, while the perceived quality of lait caillé in urban area was investigated through a survey. Then, microbiological and physico-chemical parameters were analysed on samples from rural and urban sites. Finally, an attempt to improve the hygiene of the traditional processing was proposed by use of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides stains as starter. These were previously isolated from traditional lait caillé . The results on the manufacturing processes revealed from the raw milk practices of spontaneous fermentation, backslopping and contact with bacterial biofilms attached to container. The survey on perceived quality indicated that traditional lait caillé possessed a niche market which could be enlarged by implementation of good manufacturing practices in the production sites. The microbiota of the end product was characterised by high loads of Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteria and Pichia spp. Fermented milks by starter cultures showed improved hygienic quality and a positive sensory appreciation. However, the use of selected strains might be followed by loss of some features of traditional lait caillé , which scientists should work to resolve.

Oral toxicity of symbiotic bacteria Photorhabdus spp. against immature stages of insects

Yam Kumar Shrestha,Eun-Kyung Jang,Yeon-Su Yu,Mijo Kwon,JAE-HO SHIN,이경열 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.1

The oral toxicity of 5 Photorhabdus spp. strains collected in different regions of Korea was determined in the larvae of Plodia interpunctella, Galleria mellonella, Lucilia caesar, and Culex pipiens pallens. When diet or water containing culture media containing 1 of the 5 different strains was ingested by immature insects, the first instar larvae of both G. mellonella and L. caesar and young larvae of C. pipiens pallens died within 3–5 days after treatment. However, mortality of P. interpunctella neonate larvae was slightly slower and reached 94.4%–100%within 7 days after treatment. The mortality rate of a control group given a diet containing water, the medium without cultured bacteria, or Escherichia coli culture medium was not affected. The mortality rates were 100%,45.3%, 2.8%, and 0% for Galleria, Lucilia, Plodia, and Culex, respectively, in another control group given a culture medium of Photorhabdus luminescens ssp. laumondii (TT01). In addition, culture media containing Photorhabdus strains significantly inhibited molting of third instar Plodia larvae by as much as 88% 7 days after treatment, whereas molting inhibition was reduced by 0%, 4%, and 20% following treatments with water,E. coli, or TT01 culture media, respectively. Our results suggest that the oral administration of Photorhabdus bacterial medium was highly effective for controlling various immature insects.

Oral toxicity of symbiotic bacteria Photorhabdus temperata ssp. temperata against immature stages of insects

Yam Kumar Shrestha,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Hae-Son Bang,Jae-Ho Shin,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

Oral toxicities of 5 Photorhabdus temperata ssp. temperata (Ptt) strains collected in different regions of Korea were determined against the larvae of Plodia interpunctella, Galleria mellonella, Lucilia caesar, Culex pipiens pallens and Paratlanticus ussuriensis. When a diet or water containing culture media of 5 different Ptt strains were ingested to immature insects, mortalities of the first instar larvae of G. mellonella, L. caesar, P. ussuriensis and young nymphs of C. pipiens pallens were rapidly increased and 100% within 3-5 days after treatments. However, mortality of P. interpunctella neonate larvae was slightly slower and 94.4-100% within 7 days after treatments. As controls, a diet containing either water, the medium without culturing bacteria, or E. coli culture medium did not effective on their mortalities. As another control group, the culture medium of P. temperata ssp. laumondii (KACC) were variously effective to mortalities of 4 species, namely, 100, 45.3, 2.8 and 0% to Galleria, Lucilia, Plodia and Culex, respectively. Culture media of Ptt strains inhibited developmental late of late larvae of P. interpunctella. Our results suggest that the oral administration of the culture medium of Ptt symbiotic bacteria was highly effective to control various immature insects.

Enhancing Quality Teaching in Operations Management: An Action Learning Approach

YAM Richard C.M.,PUN Kit Fai The Korean Society for Quality Management 2005 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.6 No.1

Action learning motivates students to solve open-ended problems by 'developing skills through doing'. This paper reviews the concept of action learning and discusses the adoption of action learning approach to teach operations management at universities. It presents the design and delivery of an action-learning course at City University of Hong Kong. The course incorporates classroom lectures, tutorials and an action-learning workshop. The experience gained proves that action learning facilitates student participation and teamwork and provides a venue of accelerating learning where enables students to handle dynamic problem situations more effectively. The paper concludes that adopting action-learning approach can help lecturers to enhance quality teaching in operations management courses, and provide an alternate means of effective paradigm other than traditional classroom teaching and/or computer-based training at universities.

A Study on the Transformation of the Facade Design of Shophouses in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Yam, Sokly(얌속리),Ju, Seo Ryeung(주서령) 한국주거학회 2016 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.4

Dichloroacetate Inhibits the Proliferation of a Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Line via a p53-independent Pathway

Yam Bahadur KC(얌 바하더 케이씨),Sunil Poudel(수닐 포우델),Eon Ju Jeon(전언주),Ho Sang Shon(손호상),Sung June Byun(변승준),Nam Ho Jeoung(정남호) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.12

Warburg 효과의 발생은 고형암에서 화학적 항암제의 내성을 발생시킨다. 따라서 호기성 해당과정과 같은 에너지 대사과정은 암 치료의 중요한 표적으로 알려져 있다. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) 활성 억제물질로 알려진 dichloroacetate (DCA)는 많은 암세포에서 포도당의 호기성 해당과정을 산화적인산화 과정으로 전환시킬 수 있음이 보고되었다. 이 연구는 치료가 매우 어렵다고 알려진 인간 역분화 갑상선 암세포주인 8505C의 성장에 미치는 DCA효과를 조사하였다. DCA는 정상 갑상선 세포주의 성장에는 영향을 주지 않은 반면 8505C 세포주의 성장을 특이적으로 저해하였다. DCA의 처리에 의해 8505C 세포주는 HIF1α, PDK1, Bcl-2와 같은 항-세포자살 관련 단백질들의 발현이 감소하고, Bax와 p21과 같은 세포자살 유도 단백질과 세포주기 억제 단백질의 증가로 인하여 세포주기 정지와 세포자살 유도에 의해 성장이 억제되었다. 이런 세포의 변화는 DCA 처리에 의한 활성산소족의 생산이 증가하고, 포도당 대사가 호기성 해당과정에서 산화적인산화 과정으로 전환되었기 때문이란 것을 확인하였다. 흥미롭게도, DCA는 포도당 대사과정의 변화뿐만 아니라 sodium/iodine symporter (NIS)의 발현양도 증가시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. 이 연구의 결과로 PDK 활성 저해제는 치료하기 힘든 역분화 갑상선 암 치료제로 이용할 수 있고, 또한 역분화 갑상선 암에 대한 방사능 치료의 효능을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Occurrence of the Warburg effect in solid tumors causes resistance to cancer chemotherapy, and targeting energy metabolisms such as aerobic glycolysis is a potential strategy for alternative treatment. Dichloroacetate (DCA), an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), shifts glucose metabolism from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in many cancers. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of DCA on a human anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell line, 8505C. We found that DCA selectively inhibits cell proliferation of the 8505C line but not of a normal thyroid line. In 8505C, the cell cycle was arrested at the G1/S phase with DCA treatment as a result of decreased antiapoptotic proteins such as HIF1α, PDK1, and Bcl-2 and increased proapoptotic proteins such as Bax and p21. DCA treatment enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species which consequently induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Interestingly, DCA treatment not only reduced lactate production but also increased the expression of sodium-iodine symporter, indicating that it restores the OxPhos of glucose metabolism and the iodine metabolism of the ATC. Taken together, our findings suggest that PDK inhibitors such as DCA could be useful anticancer drugs for the treatment of ATC and may also be helpful in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Potential dangerous and invadable pests and diseases in Nepal

Yam Kumar Shrestha,Rajiv Das Rajbhandari,Sunita Shrestha 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Oral Toxicity of Symbiotic Bacteria of Entomopathog Nematode to the Sweetpotato Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

Yam Kumar Shrestha,Hong-Soo Choi,Kwan-Suk Lee,Chang-Suk Kim,Sukchan Lee,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

The oral toxicities of symbiotic bacteria Photorhabdus temperata ssp temperata (Ptt), mutually associated with entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis megidis, and P. luminescens ssp. laumondii (TT01) with H. bacteriophora, were demonstrated to adults of the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Sucrose solution (25%) containing bacteria-free supernatant of culture media of symbiotic bacteria was ingested into adult whiteflies within the glass tube. Whitefly mortalities were shown similar patterns against two bacterial media. Mortalities were significantly increased to 60-64% at 36 hours and almost 100% at 60 hours after treatments. In addition, We demonstrated the effect of oral ingestion of symbiont culture media on the gene expression of B. tabaci. Several genes fluctuated those expression levels. Our results suggest that oral ingestion of symbiont culture media of entomopathogenic nematodes significantly changed metabolic rates and highly lethal to whiteflies. The use of symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes provides a great potential as an alternative genetic resource of Bacillus thuringiensis, a major resource of microbial insecticide.

Automated Continuous Measurement of N2O and No Fluxes from the Rice Field: Methods and Preliminary Results

Yam Kanta Gaihre,M. Abdus Satter,Rick Austin,Upendra Singh,Azmul Huda,M. Rafiqul Islam,S. M. Mofijul Islam,Abdul Latif Shah 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Potential dangerous and invadable pests and diseases in Nepal

Yam Kumar Shrestha,Rajiv Das Rajbhandari,Sunita Shrestha 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

A review was made on notorious insect pests and diseases of crops, resulting about 25-35% yield loss annually in Nepal. Among the insect pests; brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in rice, cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) in various crops, armyworm (Mythimna separate) in rice and maize, white stemborer (Xylotrechus quadripes) in coffee, Potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) and red ants (Dorylus orientalis) in potato are causing periodically havoc. Whiteflies, mealybugs and leaf miners are emerging as major pests. Recently introduced South American tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) in tomato, officially identified in 2016 from Kathmandu valley is reported as possible dangerous pest. Similarly, blast (Magnaporthe grisea) and bacterial leaf blight of rice, late blight and bacterial wilt of tomato and potato, club root and black rot of crucifers, downy mildew and virus complex of cucumber, citrus greening (Liberobacter asiaticum), leaf and stripe rusts of wheat, northern leaf blight of maize, panama wilt of banana etc. are considered as major diseases of economic importance. Bacterial stem rot (Erwinia caratova) of tomato and gray leaf spot (Cercospora zea maydis) of maize are emerging for significant yield loss. The newly introduced coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) is now becoming serious threat to coffee plantation. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and UG99 virulence race of Puccinia graminis need to prevent becoming dangerous from their entry. This review would be helpful to policy planning, future research and extension works.