http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Riptortus pedestris and its symbiont, Burkholderia: an ideal model system for studying symbiosis
Yoshitomo Kikuchi 한국응용곤충학회 2017 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.04
Many insects possess symbiotic microorganisms in their bodies, wherein host-symbiont intimate interactions occur. Despite recent advances in omics technology, the molecular bases of the symbiotic associations remain unclear. The bean bug Riptortus pedestris harbors an environmentally acquired Burkholderia symbiont in their midgut crypts. Unlike other insect symbionts, the Burkholderia symbiont is easily culturable and genetically manipulatable outside the host insect. In conjunction with the experimental advantages of the bean bug, the Riptortus–Burkholderia association is an ideal model system for approaching the molecular bases underpinning insect-microbe symbioses. In this presentation, the current knowledge of this model system is summarized.
Endocrine-specific NIR fluorophores for adrenal gland targeting
Ashitate, Yoshitomo,Levitz, Andrew,Park, Min Ho,Hyun, Hoon,Venugopal, Vivek,Park, GwangLi,El Fakhri, Georges,Henary, Maged,Gioux, Sylvain,Frangioni, John V.,Choi, Hak Soo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Chemical communications Vol.52 No.67
<P>The adrenal glands (AGs) are relatively small yet require definitive identification during their resection, or more commonly their avoidance. To enable image-guided surgery involving the AGs, we have developed novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores that target the AGs after a single intravenous injection, which provided dual-NIR image-guided resection or avoidance of the AGs during both open and minimally-invasive surgery.</P>
Hamada Kojun,Ogawa Yoshitomo,Yanagihara Mitsuyoshi 한국국제경제학회 2021 International Economic Journal Vol.35 No.3
In this study, we examine the location tax/subsidy competition between two countries when governments set tax or subsidy policies after firms have decided their location using a third-market model. The previous literature on tax competition with the choice of production location of firms has relied on a model in which governments set tax/subsidy policies before firms choose their production location between countries. However, if governments cannot commit to their policies in advance, the timing of decision-making changes so that governments determine their tax/subsidy rates after firms choose their location. Considering the different timings of the game, we show the following results. First, firms choose to stay in the countries in which they were originally established and governments subsidize the firms located in their countries. As a result, exporting countries fall into excessive subsidization competition, whereas firms can obtain higher profits than in the no-subsidization case. Second, when tax/subsidy authorities are tax-revenue maximizers, there are two different equilibria in tax competition in which each firm chooses to locate in different countries. Social welfare is larger when governments are tax-revenue maximizers than when they are social-welfare maximizers, whereas firms’ profits are smaller when governments are tax-revenue maximizers.
The factors of dimensional change of Fe-Cu-C sintered objects
Fujinaga, Masashi,Suzuki, Yoshitomo The Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 1998 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.5 No.4
Dimensional accuracy is one of the most important issues in the production of sintered parts. The iron-copper-carbon system is commonly used alloys in sintered structural parts production. The dimensional control of these alloys, however, is not easy because of their complex sintering behavior. This study is an effort to clarify the influence of common factors on dimensional change of Fe-Cu-C sintered structural parts. We determined the effect of such various parameters as chemical composition, particle diameter, compact density, sintering temperature and sintering time on dimensional changes. Consequently, we obtained a useful formula to predict the final dimension in function of these parameters. The effect of typical impurities in copper powder on the dimensional change of sintered parts has also been described.
Downregulation of Fumarate Hydratase Is Related to Tumorigenesis in Sporadic Renal Cell Cancer
Ha, Yun-Sok,Chihara, Yoshitomo,Yoon, Hyung-Yoon,Kim, Yong-June,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Woo, Seung Hyo,Yun, Seok-Joong,Kim, Isaac Yi,Hirao, Yoshihiko,Kim, Wun-Jae S. Karger AG 2013 Urologia internationalis Vol.90 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Objective:</I></B> Although germline mutations of fumarate hydratase<B> </B>(FH) are a useful molecular marker of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (RCC) syndrome, their clinical significance in sporadic RCC has not been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible correlations between the expression of <I>FH</I> and the clinical implications of sporadic RCC. <B><I>Materials and Methods:</I></B><I>FH</I> mRNA levels were evaluated in 140 tumor specimens from patients with primary RCC and in 62 specimens of corresponding normal-appearing kidney tissue using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 6 normal surrounding tissues and 71 RCC tissues. <B><I>Results:</I></B><I>FH</I> mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumor tissues than in matched normal-appearing kidney tissues (p = 0.031). In all normal tissues, FH staining intensity was strong. However, the expression of <I>FH</I> showed no significant correlation with the pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with sporadic RCC. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> Our results showed that <I>FH</I> mRNA expression decreased significantly in correlation with the transition from normal renal parenchyma to RCC. <I>FH</I> may be an indicator or tumorigenesis in sporadic RCC and could be a potential target for therapies against RCC in the future.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Re-opening of the symbiont sorting organ with aging in Riptortus pedestris
Jang Seonghan,Kikuchi Yoshitomo 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4
Because environments are full of diverse microorganisms including parasites and pathogens, how to select and maintain a beneficial microbial partner is a critical issue for host organisms. The bean bug Riptortus pedestris (Heteroptera: Alydidae) acquires a specific gut symbiont, Burkholderia insecticola, from environmental soil in the second instar stage and houses it in a crypt-bearing midgut region called M4. To sort the Burkholderia symbiont from a wide variety of soil microbes, R. pedestris develops a specialized organ named “constricted region (CR)”. The CR, located in front of the crypt-bearing symbiotic region, is immediately closed after colonization of M4 by the Burkholderia symbiont to block any contamination of microbes ingested with food. By using a food coloring and a red fluorescent protein (RFP)-expressing Burkholderia symbiont, we here revealed that the closed CR is reopened at a later developmental stage of R. pedestris. Although the CR was re-opened at the late phase of the fifth instar, oral administration of food coloring and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing symbiont demonstrated that ingested food and bacteria were stopped at the M4B despite the opened CR. Observations using confocal microscopy revealed reverse flow of gut content from M4 to M3 through the opened CR, the flow pressure of which seemed to prevent any contamination of the symbiotic M4 region. The morphological change of the CR with aging may cause a risk of contamination, but another mechanism, the reverse flow, plausibly maintains the specificity of gut symbiont in R. pedestris.