Cross Layer Optimal Design with Guaranteed Reliability under Rayleigh block fading channels

( Xue Chen ),( Yanling Hu ),( Anfeng Liu ),( Zhigang Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.12

Configuring optimization of wireless sensor networks, which can improve the network performance such as utilization efficiency and network lifetime with minimal energy, has received considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, a cross layer optimal approach is proposed for multi-source linear network and grid network under Rayleigh block-fading channels, which not only achieves an optimal utility but also guarantees the end-to-end reliability. Specifically, in this paper, we first strictly present the optimization method for optimal nodal number N*, nodal placement d* and nodal transmission structure p* under constraints of minimum total energy consumption and minimum unit data transmitting energy consumption. Then, based on the facts that nodal energy consumption is higher for those nodes near the sink and those nodes far from the sink may have remaining energy, a cross layer optimal design is proposed to achieve balanced network energy consumption. The design adopts lower reliability requirement and shorter transmission distance for nodes near the sink, and adopts higher reliability requirement and farther transmission distance for nodes far from the sink, the solvability conditions is given as well. In the end, both the theoretical analysis and experimental results for performance evaluation show that the optimal design indeed can improve the network lifetime by 20-50%, network utility by 20% and guarantee desire level of reliability.

Regulation of Gut Microbiota Disrupts the Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway and Inflammation-related Pathways in the Mouse Hippocampus

Xuechen Rao,Lanxiang Liu,Haiyang Wang,Ying Yu,Wenxia Li,Tingjia Chai,Wei Zhou,Ping Ji,Jin-Lin Song,Hong Wei,Peng Xie 한국뇌신경과학회 2021 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.30 No.1

An increasing number of studies have recently indicated the important effects of gut microbes on various functions of the central nervous system. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulate brain functions and behavioral phenotypes remain largely unknown. We therefore used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis to obtain proteomic profiles of the hippocampus in germ-free (GF), colonized GF, and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice. We then integrated the resulting proteomic data with previously reported mRNA microarray data, to further explore the effects of gut microbes on host brain functions. We identified that 61 proteins were upregulated and 242 proteins were downregulated in GF mice compared with SPF mice. Of these, 124 proteins were significantly restored following gut microbiota colonization. Bioinformatic analysis of these significant proteins indicated that the glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway and inflammation-related pathways were the most enriched disrupted pathways. This study provides new insights into the pathological mechanisms of gut microbiota-regulated diseases.

Bridging the Capability-Expectations Gap? An Analysis of the New Dynamics in the EU’s Security Strategy Towards Asia1

( Xuechen Chen ),( Xinchuchu Gao ) 한국EU학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of EU Studies Vol.18 No.3

The past decade has witnessed a significant shift in the EU’s foreign and security policy towards Asia, especially following the Union’s ‘pivot to Asia’ in 2012. In 2018, the adoption of the Council conclusions on enhanced EU security cooperation in and with Asia denotes the Union’s ambition to increase its security and geopolitical leverage and visibility in Asia. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to examine the new dynamics and main characteristics of the EU’s recent security-related policies and activities in East Asia by drawing on the concept of the capability-expectations gap. Using this concept, this paper seeks to provide a holistic understanding of the EU’s capabilities in its relations with Asia, as well as EU internal actors’ and Asian actors’ expectations about the Union’s role in Asian security affairs.

중국 명품 온라인쇼핑몰의 유명인 모델과 CSR의 영향에 관한 연구: 정교화가능성모델(ELM)을 중심으로

부설신(Xuechen Fu),방정혜(Jounghae Bang),김민선(Min Sun Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.1

중국의 다양한 온라인 쇼핑몰에서 명품을 판매하고 있다. 기업은 소비자의 지각된 위험을 낮추고자 유명한 연예인을 광고 모델로 활용하거나 기업의 사회공헌활동 (이하 CSR)을 공개한다. 본 연구는 지각된 위험이 명품판매 쇼핑몰 사용의도에 미치는 영향을 CSR 정보와 유명인 모델이 어떻게 조절하는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 정교화가능성모델에 따르면, 지각된 위험이 크면 중심경로를 이용하게 되어 주제와 직접적인 정보를 처리하게 되므로 주변 단서인 유명 모델과 CSR활동 정보의 영향은 의미가 없게 된다. 가설검증을 위해 2(지각된 위험 고·저)X2(사회공헌활동정보 유·무)X2(유명인 광고모델 유·무) 집단 간 실험설계를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 지각된 위험이 낮을 때에는 유명인 광고모델과 CSR 정보를 각각 제시하였을 때의 쇼핑몰 사용의도(광고모델 있음: 3.407, CSR 있음: 3.29)가 제시하지 않았을 때(광고모델 없음: 2.88, CSR 없음: 2.779)보다 높았다. 그러나 지각된 위험이 높을 때에는 유명인 광고모델 및 사회공헌활동 정보 제시는 유의미한 효과가 나타났지 않았다. 따라서 유명인 모델과 CSR 정보 등 주변 단서는 소비자가 주변경로를 활용할 수 있는 저관여 상황, 저위험 상황에서 효과가 있음을 보여주는 연구로서 의의가 있다고 하겠다. Luxury products are sold in various online shopping malls in China. Companies utilize celebrities as their advertising models or disclose their CSR information to lower perceived risk. This study scrutinized the effects of CSR information and celebrity models on the relationship between perceived risk and the intention to use online shopping malls. According to the elaboration likelihood model, when consumers perceive high risk, they use the central route to process information and form attitudes. Celebrity models and CSR information as secondary clues may not have a significant effect. To test the hypotheses, a 2 (risk H/L)×2 (CSR)×2 (model) factorial design was employed. Study results found in a low perceived risk situation, CSR information or a celebrity model endorsing their products significantly increased the intention to use the shopping mall (model w/ 3.407 vs. w/o 2.88; CSR w/ 3.29 vs. w/o 2.779). However, in a perceived high-risk situation, their effects were not significant. Therefore, it is noteworthy that celebrity models and CSR information are effective in increasing the intention to use online shopping malls only when consumers use peripheral routes in a perceived low-risk situation.

Nonlinear tribo-dynamic model of helicopter mid-reducer system under light loss of lubrication

Feng-xia Lu,Xuechen Cao,He-yun Bao,Rupeng Zhu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

When the helicopter tail transmission system loses oil due to damage, the system needs to persist for 30 minutes. Therefore, the nonlinear tribo-dynamics model of the helicopter intermediate reducer (HIR) is established, which is coupled with the loss of oil lubrication. To simulate condition of the HIR system under the loss of lubrication (LOL), this study begins by establishing a complete HIR system CFD model, and analyse the lubrication of the gear tooth surface and the oil churning/windage under different lubrication conditions. Then, a coupled model based on the result of the CFD is proposed to calculate the coefficient of friction (COF) under the condition of light loss of lubrication (LLOL). The results show that COF gradually decreases first and then increases rapidly.

Factors Affecting Internal Control Information Disclosure in Chinese Companies

Park, Seong Kyu,Wang, Xuechen 한국상업교육학회 2012 商業敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.2

경제가 발전하고 기업의 규모가 커짐에 따라 내부통제는 기업경영의 중요 한 요소가 되고 있다. 최근 미국을 비롯한 일부국가에서 경영자들의 규제나 윤리 위반 으로 인한 기업도산과 투자자 손실은 중요한 현안으로 떠오르고 있다. 이러한 기업환 경의 변화 에 따라 중국은 물론 많은 국가들이 신뢰성 있는 내부통제 시스템 구축을 의무화하고 내부통제 정보를 공시하도록 하여 투자자들의 신뢰성 유지에 도움이 되도 록 하고 있 다. 본 연구는 중국기업의 재무보고서를 대상으로 내부통제정보 공시수준에 대 하여 알 아보고 어떠한 요인들이 이들 기업의 내부통제정보 공시수준에 영향을 미 치는지 확인 보고자 실증분석을 실시하였다. 중국 상하이 증권거래소에 상장된 46개의 제조기업을 표본으로 하여 정부소유, 감사인 평판도, 부채비율, 외부이사비율, 및 수익 성지표가 내 부통제정보 공시수준에 영향을 주는지 검정하였다. 검정결과 정부소유 여부, 감사인 평판도, 그리고 부채비율이 내부통제 정보 공시 수준에 영향을 주고 있다. 그러나 외부이사 비율과 수익성 지표는 내부통제정 보공시 수준에 영향을 주지 못했다. 이러한 결과는 중국기업들에서만 나타나는 특성으로 다른 나라에까지 일반화하기에는 한계가 있을 것으로 판단된다. As the chinese economic development accelerated, chinese public companies become bigger and the external and internal business environment has got complicated. Due to the sudden environmental change, internal control is playing a significant role for corporate governance in the Chinese companies. Therefore, establishing an effective internal control system and discoursing internal control information to a certain extent has become requirements for the retention of investor confidence in China as well as other countries. The motivation of this study is to examine the level of internal control information disclosure in annual financial reports, and also to see which factors are related to the level of internal control information disclosure in the Chinese public companies. We find that government ownership, auditors’s reputation and leverage have positive influence on the level of internal control information disclosure with the sample of 46 manufacturing companies listed on the Shanhai Stock Exchange. However, we find no significant effects of the proportion of outside directors and profitability on the level of internal control information disclosure. This result shows a specific feature of internal control information disclosure in Chinese business environment, that may not be generalized in other countries.

Expression profiling of the mitogen-activated protein kinase gene family reveals their diverse response pattern in two different salt-tolerant Glycyrrhiza species

Cao Aiping,Gao Ling,Wang Fei,Tong Xuechen,Xie Shuangquan,Chen Xifeng,Lu Tianxin,Shen Haitao,Liu Hailiang,Jin Xiang,Li Hongbin 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.7

Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) play important role in response to environmental stress as crucial signal receptors or sensors. Our previous study indicated that salt stress acts as a positive factor to stimulate the production of pharmacodynamic metabolites in the medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Currently, little is known about the MPK gene family and their functions in the medicinal plant G. uralensis. Objective: Identification, comprehensive bioinformatic analysis, expression profiling, and response pattern under salt stress of the G. uralensis GuMPK gene family. Methods: Genome-wide investigation and expression profiling of the MPK gene family in G. uralensis, and their phylogenetic relationships, evolutionary characteristics, gene structure, motif distribution, promoter cis-acting element, and expression pattern under salt stress in two different salt-tolerant Glycyrrhiza species were performed. Results: A total of 20 G. uralensis GuMPK genes were identified and categorized into five groups, and had conserved gene structure and motif distribution. Expression profiling of GuMPK genes suggested their potentially diverse functions in plant growth and in response to phytohormones and environmental stress, particularly GuMPK1, 2, 5, and 10 as key components for G. uralensis in response to abiotic stress. Further expression analysis under NaCl treatment in two different salt-tolerant Glycyrrhiza species displayed the MPKs' different response patterns, emphasizing the role of MPK2, 5, 7, and 16 as potentially crucial genes for Glycyrrhiza to respond to salt stress. Conclusion: Our results provide a genome-wide identification and expression profiling of MPK gene family in G. uralensis, and establish the foundation for screening key responsive genes and understanding the potential function and regulatory mechanism of GuMPKs in salt responsiveness.

Ionic Liquids Modified Montmorillonite/Thermoplastic Starch Nanocomposites as Ionic Conducting Biopolymer

Wang Ning,Zhang Xingxiang,Wang Xuechen,Liu Haihui 한국고분자학회 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.5