Inward and Outward Starburst Feedbacks and Growth of Supermassive Black Holes

Bing-Xiao Xu,Xue-Bing Wu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4

Based on the major merger scenario we propose a simple model to investigate the relation between the starburst and the central active galactic nuclei (AGN). We argue that the momentum feedback from the starburst rather than from the central black hole (BH) plays the most important role in the main growth stage of both the BH and the bulge. We suggest that for small scale, the momentum feedback from the starburst may exist in two directions. The outward starburst feedback can blow some gas away to halt the star formation activity, and the growth of the BH is regulated by the inward starburst feedback. The final BH mass is directly related to the maximum star formation rate based on this scenario, and such a relation can be used to derive the MBH. and MBH.Mbulge relations, which are consistent with recent observations and simulations. Our result suggests that the BH undergoes its main growth in an obscured environment, which may be just the “pre-quasar” phase, as some authors previously argued.

Genetic Structure Among Populations of Elymus burchan-buddae and E. nutans (Triticeae; Poaceae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Xue-Bing Yan,Cheng-zhang Wang,Yu-Xia Guo,Bao-Rong Lu 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

Genetic structure of 22 populations of two self-pollinating pasture species, Elymus nutans and E. burchan-buddae collected from various altitudes of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was studied using fluorescence-based amplified fragment length polymorphism technique. Analysis of molecular variance revealed 42.97% and 37.63% among-population variation for the two Elymus species, respectively, indicating that the majority of the total variation presented within populations. This result contradicts the common genetic variation pattern for a selfing plant species: lower generic variation within populations. STRUCTURE analyses of the Elymus populations indicated an evident admixture genetic structure, particularly among neighboring populations from the same region, supporting the hypothesis of considerable seed dispersal among populations. The among-population gene flow promulgated by grazing animals may promote the maintenance of genetic diversity in the pasture species, particularly in small and fragmented populations within a given region. The gene flow promulgated by grazing animals may promote the maintenance of genetic diversity in the pasture species, particularly in small and fragmented populations within a given region.

Black Hole Mass and Accretion Rate of Active Galactic Nuclei

Xue-Bing Wu,F.K. Liu,J.L. Han,M.Z. Kong,R. Wang 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4

The determination of the central black hole mass is crucial to the understanding of active galactic nuclei physics. In this paper, we brie°y review some methods that are currently used to estimate the black hole mass of AGNs. Particularly, we demonstrate the importance of two correlations: one between the black hole mass and the stellar velocity dispersion and the other one between the broad line region (BLR) size and the optical continuum luminosity. Besides applying these relations in deriving the black hole masses of various types of AGNs, we also employ the fundamental plane of elliptical galaxies to estimate the central velocity dispersions of AGN host galaxies, and then the black hole masses of AGNs, including BL Lac objects. In addition, we derive another empirical relation between the BLR size and the H. emission line luminosity from AGNs with the BLR size measured by reverberation mapping studies, and we argue that more accurate black hole masses of extremely radio-loud AGNs can be obtained with it than by using the usual R ¡ L 5100ºA relation because of the jet contribution to the optical continuum. Finally, we point out that black hole mass estimation is very much helpful in determining the accretion rate and in understanding the accretion process in AGNs.

Plasma Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and CCL3 as Potential Biomarkers for Distinguishing Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma from High-Risk Individuals Who Have Positive Epstein-Barr Virus Capsid Antigen-Specific IgA

Ning Xue,Jian-Hua Lin,Shan Xing,Dan Liu,Shi-Bing Li,Yan-Zhen Lai,Xue-Ping Wang,Min-Jie Mao,Qian Zhong,Mu-Sheng Zeng,Wan-Li Liu 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.1

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify novel plasma biomarkers for distinguishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients from healthy individuals who have positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA-IgA). Materials and Methods One hundred seventy-four plasma cytokines were analyzed by a Cytokine Array in eight healthy individuals with positive EBV VCA-IgA and eight patients with NPC. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) in NPC cell lines and tumor tissues. Plasma MIF and CCL3 were measured by ELISA in 138 NPC patients, 127 EBV VCA-IgA negative (VN) and 100 EBV VCA-IgA positive healthy donors (VP). Plasma EBV VCA-IgA was determined by immunoenzymatic techniques. Results Thirty-four of the 174 cytokines varied significantly between the VP and NPC group. Plasma MIF and CCL3 were significantly elevated in NPC patients compared with VN and VP. Combination of MIF and CCL3 could be used for the differential diagnosis of NPC from VN cohort (area under the curve [AUC], 0.913; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 80.30%), and combination of MIF, CCL3, and VCA-IgA could be used for the differential diagnosis of NPC from VP cohort (AUC, 0.920; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 84.00%), from (VN+VP) cohort (AUC, 0.961; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 92.00%). Overexpressions of MIF and CCL3 were observed in NPC plasma, NPC cell lines and NPC tissues. Conclusion Plasma MIF, CCL3, and VCA-IgA combination significantly improves the diagnostic specificity of NPC in high-risk individuals.

Expression and Function of GSTA1 in Lung Cancer Cells

Pan, Xue-Diao,Yang, Zhou-Ping,Tang, Qi-Ling,Peng, Tong,Zhang, Zheng-Bing,Zhou, Si-Gui,Wang, Gui-Xiang,He, Bing,Zang, Lin-Quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) appears to be primarily involved in detoxification processes, but possible roles in lung cancer remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and function of GSTA1 in lung cancer cells. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to assess expression in cancer cell lines and the normal lung cells, then verify the A549 cells line with stable overexpression. Localization of GSTA1 proteins was assessed by cytoimmunofluorescence. Three double-strand DNA oligoRNAs (SiRNAs) were synthesized prior to being transfected into A549 cells with Lipofectamine 2000, and then the most efficient SiRNA was selected. Expression of the GSTA1 gene in the transfected cells was determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The viability of the transfected cells were assessed by MTT. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of A549 cancer cells was higher than in MRC-5 normal cells. Cytoimmunofluorescence demonstrated GSTA1 localization in the cell cytoplasm and/or membranes. Transfection into A549 cells demonstrated that down-regulated expression could inhibit cell viability. Our data indicated that GSTA1 expression may be a target molecule in early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

THE INSTABILITIES OF ACCRETION DISKS WITH RADIAL ADVECTION

WU XUE-BING The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1

The local instabilities of accretion disks were extensively studied, with the considerations of radial advection, thermal diffusion and different disk geometry, dominated pressure and optical depth. Two inertial-acoustic modes in a geometrically thin, radiative cooling dominated disk depart from each other if very little advection is included. A geometrically slim, advection-dominated disk is found to be always stable if it is optically thin. However, if it is optically thick, the thermal diffusion has no effect on the stable viscous mode but has a significant contribution to enhance the thermal instability.

A Color-Reaction-Based Biochip Detection Assay for RIF and INH Resistance of Clinical Mycobacterial Specimens

( Wen Fei Xue ),( Jing Fu Peng ),( Xiao Li Yu ),( Shu Lin Zhang ),( Boping Zhou ),( Dan Qing Jiang ),( Jian Bo Chen ),( Bing Bing Ding ),( Bin Zhu ),( Yao Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

The widespread occurrence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis places importance on the detection of TB (tuberculosis) drug susceptibility. Conventional drug susceptibility testing (DST) is a lengthy process. We developed a rapid enzymatic color-reaction-based biochip assay. The process included asymmetric multiplex PCR/templex PCR, biochip hybridization, and an enzymatic color reaction, with specific software for data operating. Templex PCR (tem- PCR) was applied to avoid interference between different primers in conventional multiplex- PCR. We applied this assay to 276 clinical specimens (including 27 sputum, 4 alveolar lavage fluid, 2 pleural effusion, and 243 culture isolate specimens; 40 of the 276 were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria specimens and 236 were M. tuberculosis specimens). The testing process took 4.5 h. A sensitivity of 50 copies per PCR was achieved, while the sensitivity was 500 copies per PCR when tem-PCR was used. Allele sequences could be detected in mixed samples at aproportion of 10%. Detection results showed a concordance rate of 97.46% (230/236) in rifampicin resistance detection (sensitivity 95.40%, specificity 98.66%) and 96.19% (227/236) in isoniazid (sensitivity 93.59%, specificity 97.47%) detection with those of DST assay. Concordance rates of testing results for sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, and pleural effusion specimens were 100%. The assay provides a potential choice for TB diagnosis and treatment.

The Effect of Transformation on the Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Xue-Mei Zhang,Yi-Bing Yin,Dan Zhu,Bao-De Chen,Jin-Yong Luo,Yi-Ping Deng,Ming-Fang Liu,Shu-Hui Chen,Jiang-Ping Meng,Kai Lan,Yuan-Shuai Huang,Ge-Fei Kang 한국미생물학회 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.4

Although pneumococcus is one of the most frequently encountered opportunistic pathogen in the world, the mechanisms responsible for its infectiveness have not yet been fully understood. In this paper, we have attempted to characterize the effects of pneumococcal transformation on the pathogenesis of the organism. We constructed three transformation-deficient pneumococcal strains, which were designated as Nos. 1d, 2d, and 22d. The construction of these altered strains was achieved via the insertion of the inactivated gene, comE, to strains 1, 2 and 22. We then conducted a comparison between the virulence of the transformation-deficient strains and that of the wild-type strains, via an evaluation of the ability of each strain to adhere to endothelial cells, and also assessed psaA mRNA expression, and the survival of hosts after bacterial challenge. Compared to what was observed with the wild-type strains, our results indicated that the ability of all of the transformation-deficient strains to adhere to the ECV304 cells had been significantly reduced (p < 0.05), the expression of psaA mRNA was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in strains 2d and 22d, and the median survival time of mice infected with strains 1d and 2d was increased significantly after intraperitoneal bacterial challenge (p < 0.05). The results of our study also clearly indicated that transformation exerts significant effects on the virulence characteristics of S. pneumoniae, although the degree to which this effect is noted appears to depend primarily on the genetic background of the bacteria.

Novel wax-crystal modifier based on b-cyclodextrin: Synthesis, characterization and behavior in a highly waxy oil

Bing Wei,Laiming Lu,Hao Li,Yan Xue 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.43 No.-

A “star-like” architectural wax-crystal modifier based on b-cyclodextrin (P-CD) was successfullydeveloped through a catalytic esterification. This paper mainly investigated the behavior of thiscompound in a waxy oil. The results indicated that P-CD can significantly reduce the oil yield stress anddecrease the wax appearance temperature (WAT). The wax inhibition ratio of P-CD reached up to 50.9%. Cross-Polarized Microscopy (CPM) observations demonstrated that P-CD was capable of hindering waxgrowth. The density function theory (DFT) study verified thefindings from molecular scale, i.e., paraffinswere prone to incorporate with P-CD due to the formation of an extra hydrogen bonding.

Abnormal resistanceetemperature characteristic of the melting Bi nanowires

Xue-wei Wang,Chao Ma,Bing-cheng Fang,Zhi-hao Yuan 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.11

There are no reports about the electronic transport behavior of the melting metal nanostructures because the morphology of nanostructures cannot be kept under the melting condition. Here, the electronic properties of the melting Bi nanowires are investigated using the pore confinement of anodic aluminum oxide template. The results indicate that with the increase of temperature the resistance of Bi nanowires has a transition from the positive temperature coefficient of resistance before fusion to the negative one after fusion. Moreover, as the temperature gradually increases, the resistance of the melting Bi nanowires rapidly decreases at first, and then tardily decreases. This research provides fundamental and valuable information for exploring and designing the new electronic devices under the high temperature.