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Efficient production of glutathione using hydrolyzate of banana peel as novel substrate
Xue-Dong Chen,Gong-Yuan Wei,Jun-Li Zhang,Ying-Ying Dong 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.7
The hydrolyzate of banana peels containing abundant fermentable sugars as glucose, xylose, mannose,and arabinose was successfully used as a novel substrate for the efficient production of glutathione by Candida utilis SZU 07-01. Xylose was first selected as the sole carbon source for glutathione production, medium optimization for better cell growth and higher glutathione using response surface methodology consisting of PB design, the steepest ascent experiment and CCD was carried out, and the optimal combination of nutrients was obtained as follows: xylose 20 g/L, (NH_4)-2SO_4 9.59 g/L, KH_2PO_4 3 g/L, L-methionine 5.72 g/L and MgSO_4 0.20 g/L. The maximum dry cell weight and glutathione achieved using the optimized medium were 7.36 g/L and 154.32 mg/L, respectively. Following with the content in this medium, other sugars like glucose, mannose and arabinose were chosen as the sole carbon source and all tested available for glutathione production. Based on these results, the hydrolyzate of banana peels was selected as a novel substrate, and a high DCW of 7.68 g/L and glutathione yield of 111.33 mg/L were obtained with the initial sugar concentration of 20 g/L in the hydrolyzate of banana peels.
Analysis the role of arabidopsis CKRC6/ASA1 in auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis
Dong-Wei Di,Lei Wu,Pan Luo,Li Zhang,Tian-Zi Zhang,Xue Sun,Shao-Dong Wei,Chen-Wei An,Guang-Qin Guo 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.2
The crosstalk between auxin and cytokinin (CK) is important for plant growth and development, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a mutant of Arabidopsis Cytokinin-induced Root Curling 6 (CKRC6), an allele of ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE ALPHA SUBUNIT 1 (ASA1) that encodes the á-subunit of AS in tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis. The ckrc6 mutant exhibits root gravitropic defects and insensitivity to both CK and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid (ACC) in primary root growth. These defects can be rescued by exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or tryptophan (Trp) supplementation. Furthermore, our results suggest that the ckrc6 mutant has decreased IAA content, differential expression patterns of auxin biosynthesis genes and CK biosynthesis isopentenyl transferase (IPT) genes in comparison to wild type. Collectively, our study shows that auxin controls CK biosynthesis based on that CK sensitivity is altered in most auxin-resistant mutants and that CKs promote auxin biosynthesis but inhibit auxin transport and response. Our results also suggest that CKRC6/ASA1 may be located at an intersection of auxin, CK and ethylene metabolism and/or signaling.
Xue-Dong Wang,Jie-Ni Zhang,Da-Wei Liu,Fei-fei Lei,Yan-Heng Zhou 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.4
In the present report, we describe the successful use of miniscrews to achieve vertical control in combination with the conventional sliding MBT<SUP>TM</SUP> straightwire technique for the treatment of a 26-year-old Chinese woman with a very high mandibular plane angle, deep overbite, retrognathic mandible with backward rotation, prognathic maxilla, and gummy smile. The patient exhibited skeletal Class II malocclusion. Orthodontic miniscrews were placed in the maxillary anterior and posterior segments to provide rigid anchorage and vertical control through intrusion of the incisors and molars. Intrusion and torque control of the maxillary incisors relieved the deep overbite and corrected the gummy smile, while intrusion of the maxillary molars aided in counterclockwise rotation of the mandibular plane, which consequently resulted in an improved facial profile. After 3.5 years of retention, we observed a stable, well-aligned dentition with ideal intercuspation and more harmonious facial contours. Thus, we were able to achieve a satisfactory occlusion, a significantly improved facial profile, and an attractive smile for this patient. The findings from this case suggest that nonsurgical correction using miniscrew anchorage is an effective approach for camouflage treatment of high-angle cases with skeletal Class II malocclusion.
( Xue Feng Jin ),( Hong Shan Yu ),( Dong Ming Wang ),( Ting Qiang Liu ),( Chun Ying Liu ),( Dong Shan An ),( Wan Taek Im ),( Song Gun Kim ),( Feng Xie Jin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3
In this paper, the kinetics of a cloned special glucosidase, named ginsenosidase type III hydrolyzing 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides, were investigated. The gene (bgpA) encoding this enzyme was cloned from a Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans strain and then expressed in E. coli cells. Ginsenosidase type III was able to hydrolyze 3-O-glucoside of multi-PPD-type ginsenosides. For instance, it was able to hydrolyze the 3- O-β-D-(1→2)-glucopyranosyl of Rb1 to gypenoside XVII, and then to further hydrolyze the 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl of gypenoside XVII to gypenoside LXXV. Similarly, the enzyme could hydrolyze the glucopyranosyls linked to the 3-O- position of Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, and Rg3. With a larger enzyme reaction Km value, there was a slower enzyme reaction speed; and the larger the enzyme reaction Vmax value, the faster the enzyme reaction speed was. The Km values from small to large were 3.85 mM for Rc, 4.08 mM for Rb1, 8.85 mM for Rb3, 9.09 mM for Rb2, 9.70 mM for Rg3(S), 11.4 mM for Rd and 12.9 mM for F2; and Vmax value from large to small was 23.2 mM/h for Rc, 16.6 mM/h for Rb1, 14.6 mM/h for Rb3, 14.3 mM/h for Rb2, 1.81mM/h for Rg3(S), 1.40 mM/h for Rd, and 0.41 mM/h for F2. According to the Vmax and Km values of the ginsenosidase type III, the hydrolysis speed of these substrates by the enzyme was Rc>Rb1>Rb3>Rb2>Rg3(S)>Rd>F2 in order.
중국 아파트 거주자를 대상으로 한 스마트 주택 요구도 분석
동설(Dong Xue),김미정(Kim, Mi Jeong),조명은(Cho, Myung Eun) 한국주거학회 2016 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.27 No.6
Although smart homes have been much developed in China, smart homes has been mainly towards the adoption of new technologies. There is little development of smart homes to consider and meet residents’ needs in China. This study investigated residents’ living in apartments in China using a questionnaire to identify their demands on smart homes. Through the survey, this study analyzed residents’ space use patterns, daily living patterns etc. according to their ages. The results implied that there are significant differences in the use of spaces and demands on daily living within apartments. The results of this study should be considered for the development of smart homes in future. For example, it might be easier for people in the 20’s to adopt Internet of Things (IoT) and environmental control systems compared to other age groups because most of them in the 20’s use smart phones effectively without difficulties. In case of people in their 50’s who stay home more times for taking a rest and eating meals compared to other age groups, smart technologies should be applied to support their health care and works in housings. This research emphasizing residents’ experiences could be basis for the development of smart homes in China.
Ya-Dong Zhang,Zhong-Sheng Zhu,Dong Zhang,Zhen Zhang,Bin Ma,Shi-Chang Zhao,Feng Xue 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Patched-1 (PTC1) and PTC2 silencing in a rat model, on Hedgehog (Hh) pathwaymediated recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). An analytical emphasis on the relationship between the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and nerve regeneration was explored. A total of 126 rats were divided into normal, sham, SCI, negative control (NC), PTC1-RNAi, PTC2-RNAi and PTC1/PTC2-RNAi groups. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scale was employed to assess hind limb motor function. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of PTC1, PTC2, Shh, glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli-1), Smo and Nestin. Tissue morphology was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent staining was conducted to detect neurofilament protein 200 (NF-200) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group displayed higher BBB scores than the SCI and NC groups. Shh, Gli-1, Smo and Nestin expression levels were elevated in the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group. PTC1 and PTC2 mRNA and protein expression was lower in the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group than in the normal, sham and SCI groups. Among the seven groups, the PTC1/PTC2-RNAi group had the largest positive area of NF-200 staining, whereas the SCI group exhibited a larger GFAP-positive area than both the normal and the sham groups. The Shh pathway may provide new insights into therapeutic indications and regenerative recovery tools for the treatment of SCI. Activation of the Hh signaling pathway by silencing PTC1 and PTC2 may reduce inflammation and may ultimately promote SCI recovery.
The Impacts of Financial Constraints on Firm Value for KONEX(Korea New Exchange) Listed Firms
강신애(Xue Dong Zhang),Shinae Kang 국제융합경영학회 2021 융합경영연구 Vol.9 No.4
Purpose: This paper empirically investigates what factors contribute to corporate value in KONEX market and tested whether financial constraints contribute any effec on it. Using sample firms through the fiscal period from 2013 to 2020 by applying a panel model, we find that firms’ R&D, volatility, size and sales growth give significant impact to firm value, but the significance and direction are different. But there is no significant relationship between the largest shareholder equity ratio (OWN) and the firms value in all models. Theres seems no difference between financially constrained and unconstrained companies in KONEX market. It can be inferred that KONEX companies have a bigger difference with KOSPI or KOSDAQ. And It seems that further analysis is needed on the differences between these markets.