Self-adaptable Routing Scheme for In-network Processing

Xiwei Zhao,Kami Makki,Niki Pissinou 보안공학연구지원센터 2007 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.1 No.1

The wireless sensor network (WSN), is a type of self-organized distribution system without complex infrastructure requirement. However, WSN’s independence and un-attended usage limit its power supply and life expectancy. These become a critical issue for any WSN implementation. The in-network processing which, intends to minify data volume locally can greatly reduce the energy consumption of data delivery over a long distance to the sink. However, open problems are still remain with in-network processing, such as how to carry out in-network processing, and how to combine routing scheme to the sink (e.g. the long distance delivery). For any WSN application, the following pre-assumption is vital. There exists a physical signal field which bridges physical events to the sensors of WSN, otherwise WSN does not work. In fact, the physical signal field can be depicted by sensory data of all the nodes, and can even be used for local data convergence (e.g. in-network processing). An immediate solution which we propose is that, sensory data of the nodes can be converged to local extremes of the physical signal field along its gradient direction. Furthermore, the physical signal field is integrated with the cost field routing scheme. The cost field routing is in charge of delivering data to the sink. During the in-network processing, the delivery direction is derived by combining linearly the gradient directions of the cost field and physical signal field. Also simulation results show that the proposed schemes are robust, adaptable, and reliable to the variation of physical events.

Generic Training Set based Multimanifold Discriminant Learning for Single Sample Face Recognition

( Xiwei Dong ),( Fei Wu ),( Xiao-Yuan Jing ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.1

Face recognition (FR) with a single sample per person (SSPP) is common in real-world face recognition applications. In this scenario, it is hard to predict intra-class variations of query samples by gallery samples due to the lack of sufficient training samples. Inspired by the fact that similar faces have similar intra-class variations, we propose a virtual sample generating algorithm called k nearest neighbors based virtual sample generating (kNNVSG) to enrich intra-class variation information for training samples. Furthermore, in order to use the intra-class variation information of the virtual samples generated by kNNVSG algorithm, we propose image set based multimanifold discriminant learning (ISMMDL) algorithm. For ISMMDL algorithm, it learns a projection matrix for each manifold modeled by the local patches of the images of each class, which aims to minimize the margins of intra-manifold and maximize the margins of inter-manifold simultaneously in low-dimensional feature space. Finally, by comprehensively using kNNVSG and ISMMDL algorithms, we propose k nearest neighbor virtual image set based multimanifold discriminant learning (kNNMMDL) approach for single sample face recognition (SSFR) tasks. Experimental results on AR, Multi-PIE and LFW face datasets demonstrate that our approach has promising abilities for SSFR with expression, illumination and disguise variations.

중국 B2C 전자상거래 플랫폼의 서비스 품질이 고객만족도 및 고객신뢰에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

XiWei Chu,최장우 한국무역연구원 2020 무역연구 Vol.16 No.6

Purpose The main purpose of this study is to find out the service quality factors that affect customer satisfaction and customer trust on the B2C e-commerce platform in China. Design/Methodology/Approach By analyzing the service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer trust of the B2C e-commerce platform, its measurement model can be determined. On this basis, we put forward research recommendations and established an empirical research model. Findings The results of this study are as follows: First, product price, product quality, product diversification, logistics, product after-sales service, platform availability, and platform interaction of B2C e-commerce platforms have a positive direct impact on customer trust and customer satisfaction. Secondly, customer satisfaction has a positive and direct impact on customer trust. Finally, on the basis of the research results, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the service quality of B2C e-commerce platform. Research Implications In order to survive in the fiercely competitive B2C e-commerce market, it is very important to strengthen customer satisfaction and customer loyalty by improving service quality in the B2C e-commerce market. Therefore, this study extracted 8 service quality factors that affect Chinese consumers’ use of e-commerce platforms, such as product price, convenient platform, product quality, product diversification, logistics, product after-sales service, platform availability, and platform interaction, and learned how service quality factors affect customer satisfaction and trust, thereby improving customer satisfaction from the perspective of platform operators. For this reason, the policy implications of the need to improve service quality factors are put forward.

Key Mechanisms of the Effect of Atomization on Lean Blow-Out Limits of Aero Engines

Xiwei Wang,Yong Huang 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.2

The appearance of the lean blow-out (LBO) will seriously threaten the aircraft from safety. For an aero engine using liquid fuel, the atomization characteristics such as mean droplet size (SMD), spray pattern and initial droplet velocity will impact the combustion performance. In this paper, the influence of atomization characteristics on flame stability is studied by using two types of swirlers and nine atomizers. Data from relevant literature are also cited for analysis. The experimental results show that the structure of the swirler is the main factor that determines the spray spatial distribution. The flame pattern of the combustors with the same swirler is similar. The relationship between the LBO limit and the atomization characteristics is derived in this paper. Compared with the Lefebvre’s relation that only considers SMD, the correlation factor of the relation between the atomization characteristics and the LBO limit in this paper is increased from 0.2496 to 0.836. Further analysis shows that the influence of atomization characteristics on LBO performance can be divided into two aspects. On the one hand, the different atomization affects the performances of the spray flame. Among these performances, the minimum heat release required to maintain the flame corresponds to the ideal LBO limit. On the other hand, the SMD and initial droplet velocity affect the combustion efficiency, that is, the degree of the combustion close to the ideal LBO limit. Considering the influence of the above two aspects on LBO performance, the actual LBO limit can be obtained.

A group preference-based privacy-preserving POI recommender system

Xiwei Wang,Minh Nguyen,Jonathan Carr,Longyin Cui,Kiho Lim 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.3

Ubiquitous smartphones with their built-in location services enable people to explore various points-of-interest (POIs) through location-based apps, e.g., Yelp and Foursquare City Guide. With these apps, users can receive personalized recommendations on nearby places, e.g., restaurants and arcades, which not only saves them searching time, but also helps find POIs that are of interest to them. One issue with these apps and almost all existing recommender systems is that they require users to share their preference data with the service providers. This information, if not properly used, can leak users’ privacy. In this paper, we propose a group preference-based POI recommendation scheme which fuses matrix factorization and clustering techniques to provide quality recommendations without sacrificing users’ privacy.

Ash formation characteristics of two Indonesian coals and the change of ash properties with particle size

Ke, Xiwei,Li, Dongfang,Zhang, Man,Jeon, Chung-hwan,Cai, Runxia,Cai, Jin,Lyu, Junfu,Yang, Hairui Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co. 2019 Fuel processing technology Vol.186 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is difficult to maintain enough high circulating ash rate in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers if they burn the Indonesian coals due to their low ash content. Hence, the ash formation data for these coals is of significance to assessing mass balance in CFB boilers. Two kinds of Indonesian coal that were burned in the 550 MW supercritical CFB boilers in Korea, Kideco and KCH, were tested with static combustion and cold sieving method to study their ash formation characteristics. Results showed that the average primary ash particle size of these two coals is quite fine overall and nearly no gangue exists. Besides, their attrition rate constant <I>K</I> <SUB>af</SUB> is much higher than that of some other bituminous or lean coals, and with the increase of particle size, the <I>K</I> <SUB>af</SUB> decays exponentially for Kideco, while it initially increases and then decreases for KCH. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of these two Indonesian coals' ash obviously change in particle size, including density, pore structure, chemical composition, etc. The larger ash particles are composed of some hard materials, such as quartz (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and mullite (Al<SUB>6</SUB>Si<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>13</SUB>). While some other materials with lower hardness value, like hematite (Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) and gehlenite (Ca<SUB>2</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>SiO<SUB>7</SUB>), become major mineral components of smaller and softer ash particles. These results indicate that the difference of chemical compositions results in the discrepancy of attrition capability for different size ash particles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two kinds of Indonesian coal were tested to obtain their ash formation data. </LI> <LI> The ash properties obviously change in particle size. </LI> <LI> The difference of chemical compositions may result in the discrepancy of attrition rate for different size ash particles. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>The ash attrition rate of low-rank coals including these two Indonesian coals is much higher than that of some other bituminous or lean coals, and larger ash particles are more difficult to be worn.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

중국 후난성 풍평 나(傩)사자춤의 무형유산적 의의

오양시웨이 ( Ouyang Xiwei ),강인숙 ( Kang In-sook ) 남도민속학회 2020 남도민속연구 Vol.41 No.-

현재 중국에는 약 138개의 사자춤이 분포되어 있다. 대부분 중국의 사자춤은 기예ㆍ곡예를 중심으로 한 연행적 요소가 강한 춤이다. 그러나 중국 후난성 풍평 나사자춤은 일반적인 중국의 사자춤과는 달리 사자신을 마을에 모셔와서 마을 사람들과 함께 즐기는 제의적 요소가 강한 제액초복의 사자춤이다. 이렇게 풍평 나사자춤이 아직도 과거 사자춤의 연행목적을 고수하고 있어 2012년 풍평 나사자춤은 중국 후난성의 무형문화재로 지정되었다. 이에 연구자는 풍평 나사자춤을 배우고, 현지조사한 것을 바탕으로 후난성 풍평 나사자춤의 무형유산으로서 의의에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 중국에서 후난성은 척박한 지역으로 문화교류가 힘든 지역이다. 이런 자연환경이 500년의 역사를 지닌 풍평 나사자춤이 전승할 수 있는 터전을 마련하였다. 풍평 나사자춤은 청신ㆍ오신ㆍ송신의 구조를 지닌 제의춤이다. 이 춤은 한국의 북청사자놀이처럼 가가호호를 방문하여 집돌이를 한다. 이때 나사자는 동ㆍ남ㆍ서ㆍ북ㆍ중앙의 순서로 사방놀이를 한다. 풍평 나사자춤은 사자 3마리(무사자ㆍ문사자ㆍ신사자)와 사자를 보조하는 인물 4명(토지공ㆍ색승ㆍ손오공ㆍ저계)으로 구성되며, 108개의 에피소드를 가지고 있다. 풍평 나사자춤은 정월 초하루 벽사진경의 의미로 연행되는데, 때에 따라 초대한 집의 요청 목적에 따라 108개의 에피소드 중에서 적합한 내용을 선택해서 나사자춤을 공연한다. 이런 점에서 풍평 나사자춤은 박제화된 전승이 아닌 현재 주민들의 일상생활 속에서 그들과 함께 공유하면서 살아있는 전승 형태, 즉 전형의 모습을 보여주는 대표적인 춤이다. There are currently about 138 lion dances distributed in China. The lion dance in most China is a dance with strong elements of entertainment and acrobatics. However, FengPing nuo Lion Dance in Hunan Province, unlike the traditional Chinese lion dance, is a lion dance with a strong ritual element that brings the lion god to the village and enjoys it with the villagers. As FengPing nuo Lion Dance still adheres to the purpose of the lion dance in the past, FengPing nuo Lion Dance was designated as an intangible cultural asset in Hunan province in 2012. In response, the researchers wanted to learn the FengPing nuo Lion Dance and examine its value as an intangible heritage of FengPing nuo Lion Dance in Hunan Province based on their field research. In China, Hunan Province is a barren region and is an area where cultural exchange is difficult. This natural environment provided a place for FengPing nuo Lion Dance, which has a history of 500 years. FengPing nuo Lion Dance is a ritual dance with the structure of pleased lion god, Entertainment lion god, and lion god send. This dance, like Northern green lion dance in Korea, call on every house during the show. At this time, Nazarene plays all around in the order of east, south, west, north, and center. FengPing nuo Lion Dance consists of three lions (Wen the lion, Wu the lion, and Shen the lion) and four lion-assisted figures (TuDi-gong, SeSeng, Zhuba-jie, and SunWu-kong), and has 108 episodes. FengPing nuo Lion Dance is carried out in the meaning of the wall view on the first day of the first lunar month. Depending on the purpose of the house's request, the Saja dance is performed by selecting the appropriate content from 108 programme. In this regard, FengPing nuo Lion Dance is not a stuffed Buddhist dance, but a representative dance that shows the living form of a Buddhist monk, or a typical dance, while sharing it with them in the daily lives of the present residents.

Business-Driven Process Fragment Selections in RESTful Business Processes

Qinghua Lu,Xiwei Xu,Weishan Zhang,Liming Zhu,Shanshan Li 보안공학연구지원센터(IJUNESST) 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.1

Past work showed that runtime adaptability of business processes can be improved by applying Representational State Transfer (REST) to design and implementation of business processes. However, the existing solutions for RESTful business processes (RESTfulBP) were focused on manual selection of process fragments to be composed at runtime. In this paper, we propose solutions that enable semi-automatic selection of process fragment at each decision-making point of RESTfulBP. The new built-in middleware MiniZnMASC can provide user based process fragment advice to knowledge workers in ways that achieve better overall business value while satisfying all existing constraints. In addition, we redesign the architecture of RESTfulBP in order to allow the business-driven decision-making solutions. The solutions are evaluated for feasibility, functional correctness, business benefits, and performance.

재액초복의 상징콘텐츠인 중국요족의 종포뇌연구

오양시웨이(Ouyang-XiWei) 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.8

Production of ρ-Hydroxyacetophenone by Engineered Escherichia coli Heterologously Expressing 1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-Ethanol Dehydrogenase

( Wenmei Wu ),( Xiwei Yuan ),( Xin Gao ),( Chaoyang Tan ),( Shunxiang Li ),( Dehong Xu ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.2

ρ-Hydroxyacetophenone is an important and versatile compound that has been widely used in medicine, cosmetics, new materials, and other fields. At present, there are two ways to obtain ρ-hydroxyacetophenone. One is to extract it from plants, such as Artemisia capillaris Thunb and Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid, and the other is to synthesize it by using chemical methods. Of these two methods, the second is the main one, although it has problems, such as flammable and explosive reagents, difficult separation of by-products, and harsh reaction conditions. To solve these issues, we adopted genetic engineering in this study to construct engineered Escherichia coli containing Hped gene or EbA309 gene. Whole-cell biotransformation was conducted under the same conditions to select the engineered E. coli with the higher activity. Orthogonal tests were conducted to determine the optimal biotransformation condition of the engineered E. coli. The results showed that the optimal condition was as follows: substrate concentration of 40 mmol/l, IPTG concentration of 0.1 mmol/l, an induction temperature of 25℃, and a transformation temperature of 35℃. Under this condition, the effects of transformation time on the ρ-hydroxyacetophenone concentration and cell growth were further studied. We found that as the transformation time extended, the ρ-hydroxyacetophenone concentration showed a gradually increasing trend. However, when the ρ-hydroxyacetophenone concentration increased to 1583.19 ± 44.34 mg/l in 24 h, cell growth was inhibited and then entered a plateau. In this research, we realized the synthesis of ρ-hydroxyacetophenone by biotransformation, and our findings lay a preliminary foundation for further improving and developing this method.