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( Zhen Zhen Lian ),( Xiao Jing Yin ),( Hua Li ),( Li Li Jia ),( Xiu Zhen He ),( Yong Bo Yan ),( Nai Hua Liu ),( Ka Yiu Wan ),( Xiao Kun Li ),( Shao Qiang Lin ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.1
Background: Diabetic wounds are a major clinical challenge, because minor skin wounds can lead to chronic, unhealed ulcers and ultimately result in infection, gangrene, or even amputation. Studies on bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and a series of growth factors have revealed their many benefits for wound healing and regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve the environment for BMSC development and differentiation. However, whether combined use of BMSCs and PRP may be more effective for accelerating diabetic ulcer healing remains unclear. Objective: We investigated the efficacy of BMSCs and PRP for the repair of refractory wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Methods: Forty-eight rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin were divided into four groups: treatment with BMSCs plus PRP, BMSCs alone, PRP alone, phosphate buffered saline. The rate of wound closure was quantified. A histopathological study was conducted regarding wound depth and the skin edge at 7, 14, and 28 days after surgery. Results: Wound healing rates were significantly higher in the BMSC plus PRP group than in the other groups. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and transforming growth factor-β1 increased significantly in the BMSC plus PRP group compared to the other treatment groups. On day 7, CD68 expression increased significantly in the wounds of the BMSC plus PRP group, but decreased markedly at day 14 compared to the controls. Conclusion: The combination of BMSCs and PRP aids diabetic wound repair and regeneration. (Ann Dermatol 26(1) 1∼10, 2014)
Xiu-Zhen Zhang,Ling Wang,Dongwu Liu,Guang-Yan Tang,Hongyu Zhang 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.9
This study aims at evaluating the anticancer effects of berberine hydrochloride (berberine) and d-limonene, alone and in combination, on human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803 to determine whether berberine and d-limonene work synergistically and elucidate their mechanisms. MGC803 cells were treated with berberine and d-limonene, alone and in combination, for 24–48 h. The inhibitory effects of these drugs on growth were determined by MTT assay. The combination index and drug reduction index were calculated with the Chou–Talalay method based on the median-effect principle. Flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy were employed to evaluate the effects of both drugs on cell-cycle perturbation and apoptosis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in MGC803 cells. Berberine or d-limonene alone can inhibit the growth of MGC803 cells in a doseand time-dependent manner. Berberine and d-limonene at a combination ratio of 1:4 exhibited a synergistic effect on anti-MGC803 cells. The two drugs distinctly induced intracellular ROS generation, reduced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (DCm), enhanced the expression of caspase-3, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2. The combination of berberine and d-limonene showed more remarkable effects compared with drugs used singly in MGC803 cells. The combination of berberine and d-limonene exerted synergistic anticancer effects on MGC803 cells by cell-cycle arrest, ROS production, and apoptosis induction through the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway.
Xin, Zhen Xiang,Zhang, Zhen Xiu,Pal, Kaushik,Lu, Bing Xue,Deng, Xu,Lee, Sung Hyo,Kim, Jin Kuk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of vinyl & additive technology Vol.15 No.4
<P>This paper presents an experimental study of the foaming behavior of polypropylene (PP)/(waste ground rubber tire powder) (WGRT) blends when using a chemical blowing agent in an extrusion foaming process. The effects of formulations (i.e., WGRT content, blowing agent content, compatibilizer) and the processing parameters (i.e., die temperature, screw speed) on the void fraction, average cell size, cell density, and cell morphology of the PP/WGRT foams were investigated. The blowing agent loading affected the cell structure of the foams and the average cell size, and the void fraction increased with increasing blowing agent loading. Both increasing the screw speed and decreasing the die temperature could establish a high pressure drop in the extruder die, and these were beneficial to the foaming extrusion. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Xin, Zhen Xiang,Zhang, Zhen Xiu,Pal, Kaushik,Kang, Dong Jin,Lee, Sung Hyo,Kim, Jin Kuk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology Vol.15 No.4
<P>Microcellular polypropylene (PP)/WGRT blends, a new outlet for the recycling of waste tire rubber, were prepared in an injection-molding process by using a chemical blowing agent. The effects of WGRT content and chemical blowing agent content on the density, cell morphology, and physicomechanical properties of the foamed PP/WGRT blends were investigated. The foam morphologies were characterized in terms of void fraction, average cell size, and cell density. The results indicated that both the WGRT and the blowing agent content had huge effects on the cell morphology and tensile properties of the PP/WGRT foams. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Zhang, Zhen Xiu,Zhang, Shu Ling,Kim, Jin Kuk De Gruyter 2008 E-Polymers Vol.8 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Polymer blends of WRT (waste rubber tire) powder/LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene) have been attempted to prepare thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). The effects of maleic anhydride-grafted styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS-g-MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) on mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of the blends were evaluated using universal testing machine (UTM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). It was found that combination of SEBS-g-MA and DCP could better enhance the mechanical properties of WRT powder/LLDPE blends compared to SEBS-g-MA or DCP alone. Better compatibility between WRT powder and LLDPE was responsible for the enhancement of mechanical properties, as supported by SEM. The incorporation of SEBS-g-MA and DCP with WRT powder/LLDPE blends reduced the crystallizable perfectness of the blends, but slightly increased the thermal stability of the blends, as shown from DSC and TGA results</P>
Novel Cross-Linked Films Prepared from Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester)
Wei, Xiu-Zhen,Zhu, Bao-Ku,Xiao, Ling,Xu, You-Yi,Geckeler, Kurt E. Hu@thig & Wepf 2005 Macromolecular Rapid Communications Vol.26 No.15
<P>Summary: Novel hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) (HPAE) cross-linked films were prepared by cross-linking the terminal hydroxyl groups of HPAE using glutaraldehyde (GA). Atom force microscope and scanning electron microscope revealed their smooth surfaces, dense and homogenous matrices. Property characterizations indicated that these cross-linked films had good hydrophilicity, relative low protein adsorption, and high tensile strength. Also, their swelling behavior varied with the solvent.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/10221336-2005-26-15-MARC200500242-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221336-2005-26-15-MARC200500242-gra001'> Graphic Structure of the hyperbranched poly(amine-ester). </P>
Xin, Zhen Xiang,Zhang, Zhen Xiu,Pal, Kaushik,Kim, Kwang-Jea,Kang, Dong Jin,Kim, Jin Kuk,Bang, Dae-Suk SAGE Publications 2009 Journal of cellular plastics Vol.45 No.6
<P>A new approach towards the recycling of waste ground rubber tire (WGRT) powder was demonstrated in this study by introducing the polypropylene/ waste ground rubber tire (PP/WGRT) foaming method by using CO<SUB>2</SUB> as the foaming agent in an extrusion foaming process. The regression models were constructed to study the relationships between the foam structure (i.e., void fraction, average cell size, and cell density) of foamed PP/WGRT blends, the processing parameters (extruder’s die temperature and CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration), and WGRT content by applying a three-factor central composite design (CCD) statistical approach. The response surface plots generated using the regression models allow the rapid selection of the proper process parameters to obtain microcellular PP/WGRT blends with the desired density and morphology.</P>
Zhang, Zhen Xiu,Sridhar, V.,Kim, Jin Kuk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Polymer composites Vol.29 No.11
<P>Microcellular composites made from polypropylene and waste ground rubber tire powder using azodicarbonamide as chemical blowing agent have been investigated. A small quantity of SEBS-g-MA has been added as compatibilizer. The effect of variation in processing variables such as pressure, heating time, and operating variables such as blowing agent and crosslinker concentrations have been investigated to establish a relationship between the structure and morphology of the microcellular composite and ultimate performance characteristics such as tensile strength, tear strength, and elongation at break. The results indicate that both processing and operating variables have tremendous effect on the morphological features such as average, minimum, and maximum cell size as observed from scanning electron microscopy. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Zhang, Zhen‐,Xiu,Fan, Jun‐,ling,Pal, Kaushik,Kim, Jin Kuk,Xin, Zhen‐,Xiang Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology Vol.17 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Nowadays the economic recycling of waste tires has become a global challenge. The use of waste tire powder as a dispersed elastomeric phase in a polypropylene (PP) matrix offers an interesting opportunity for recycling of waste tire rubber. Compatibilized PP/(waste tire powder) composites are microcellularly processed to create a new class of materials with unique properties. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of developing microcellular structures in PP/waste ground rubber tire (WGRT) composites. Microcellular PP/WGRT composites are prepared by an injection‐molding process using a chemical blowing agent. In this study, cell sizes, cell density, void fraction, and mechanical properties of the composite foams were measured, as well as the shear viscosity of the unfoamed composites. The influence of various compatibilizers and processing temperatures on cell morphology and the mechanical properties of injection‐molded PP/WGRT composites were investigated. It was seen that the addition of maleic anhydride‐grafted styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene (SEBS‐<I>g</I>‐MA) increased the shear viscosity of the composites. The void fraction and cell density of the PP/WGRT composites increased with addition of compatibilizers, whereas the average cell sizes decreased. A processing temperature range of 180–195°C gave finer microcellular structure and regular cell distribution. The SEBS‐<I>g</I>‐MA enhanced the elongation properties and acted as an effective compatibilizer in this particular system. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>