Cooper-Eaton 식에 각종 생형사의 압축기구의 해석

陳秀萍,野村宏之,前田安郭 한국주조공학회 2004 한국주조공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Feasibility of Shrinking Field Radiation Therapy through 18F-FDG PET/CT after 40 Gy for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Ding, Xiu-Ping,Zhang, Jian,Li, Bao-Sheng,Li, Hong-Sheng,Wang, Zhong-Tang,Yi, Yan,Sun, Hong-Fu,Wang, Dong-Qing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Objective: To explore the feasibility of shrinking field technique after 40 Gy radiation through 18F-FDG PET/CT during treatment for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In 66 consecutive patients with local-advanced NSCLC, 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning was performed prior to treatment and repeated after 40 Gy. Conventionally fractionated IMRT or CRT plans to a median total dose of 66Gy (range, 60-78Gy) were generated. The target volumes were delineated in composite images of CT and PET. Plan 1 was designed for 40 Gy to the initial planning target volume (PTV) with a subsequent 20-28 Gy-boost to the shrunken PTV. Plan 2 was delivering the same dose to the initial PTV without shrinking field. Accumulated doses of normal tissues were calculated using deformable image registration during the treatment course. Results: The median GTV and PTV reduction were 35% and 30% after 40 Gy treatment. Target volume reduction was correlated with chemotherapy and sex. In plan 2, delivering the same dose to the initial PTV could have only been achieved in 10 (15.2%) patients. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed regarding doses to the lung, spinal cord, esophagus and heart. Conclusions: Radiotherapy adaptive to tumor shrinkage determined by repeated 18F-FDG PET/CT after 40 Gy during treatment course might be feasible to spare more normal tissues, and has the potential to allow dose escalation and increased local control.

‘전(前)’의 이동 의미 소실에 관한 고찰

( Liu Xiu-ping ) 중국어문연구회 2016 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.76

This paper aims to demonstrate the semantic, functional change of Qian and figure out the cause which affects the loss of dynamic motion among Qian. In this paper, we investigate a large sum of diachronic and synchronic Chinese texts based on Chinese corpus. Evidences are given to show that Archaic Chinese Qian has been a motion verb involved < motion > and < path > in the motion event which was proposed by Talmy, L.(2000a, 200b). However Qian has lost its function of motion gradually and only the function of static location survived in Mandarin Chinese. In order to account for the historical change of Qian, this paper gives a brief review of the distribution and usage about Qian in different Chinese historical stages and classifies the sentences in which Qian occurs into four types: ‘Bare Verb-Qian’, ‘Qian+Common Verb’, ‘Qian+Motion Verb’ and ‘Qian+Common Noun’. In conclusion, we figure out that there are several factors which may result in the loss of the motion about Qian. First, asymmetry between Archaic Qian and Hou. Second, reanalysis of the ‘Qian+Verb’ structure. Third, the change of Chinese conceptualization pattern etc. The emergence and development of 處置式(e.g. BA construction) and 使成式(e.g. SHI construction) in Ancient Chinese has also be a part which may affects the loss of the motion about Qian.

How Companies Persuade Active Participation of Consumers on Live Streaming Commerce? S-O-R Perspective

장수평 ( Zhang¸ Xiu Ping ),최재원 ( Choi¸ Jae Won ) 한국정보시스템학회 2021 情報시스템硏究 Vol.30 No.3

Purpose Live streaming commerce refers to the fact that people receive live audio and live video directly over the net. While some e-retailers use Live Streaming as a marketing strategy, the impact of live streaming commerce on customers' reuse intentions is unknown. The purpose of this study is to discuss the impact of live streaming commerce by external environmental factors based on S-O-R theory. Design/methodology/approach In this study, we developed a research model based on the S-O-R theory. Using the questionnaire survey method, consumers who used live streaming commerce on Taobao.com were taken as research subjects. Our research model aims to find out how content attributes, real-time interactions, media characteristics, and situational characteristics as stimulus factors influence consumers' perceptions and thus reuse intentions. Findings The results of the analysis show that external environmental factors have a significant impact on consumer perceptions and that perceived risks and flows can influence consumers' reuse intentions. In addition, we also examined the impact of reuse intentions on consumers' active participation. These results show that live streaming commerce can influence consumer perceptions and behavior in several ways.

明初滄州衛所軍戶的到來與滄州“武術之?”的形成

于秀萍(YU Xiu-Ping) 경북대학교 아시아연구소 2011 아시아연구 Vol.- No.12

역사상 軍政지위와 經濟지위로 놓고 볼 때, 滄州지역은 매우 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 특히 明初의 창주지역은 京畿重鎭에 속했고, 또한 북부 변방 및 내지와 인접한 지역이었기 때문에 정부는 당연히 滄州를 매우 중시하였다. 明朝廷은 滄州에 衛所屯田을 설치하였고, 대량의 軍戶들이 滄州로 이주하였다. 明初의 滄州지역은 여타의 京畿지역에 비해 軍籍인구가 가장 많이 유입된 지역이었다. 明初滄州의 軍戶는 軍功과 罪囚로 구성된 것이 특징이었다. 滄州에 이주한 자들은 대부분 군공 가족이거나 罪에 연루되어 처벌당한 文化的소양을 갖춘 世家들이었다. 滄州에 流入된 인구는 많았고 그들의 지위가 상당하여, 明初의 滄州에서는 “人恥爲軍” 현상이 나타나지 않았다. “明代에는 軍士의 지위가 낮았다”는 주장은 明代의 滄州의 실정에는 맞지 않았다. 軍戶들은 평상시에는 駐屯地에 주재하였고. 戰時에는 명령에 따라 파견되었고, 전쟁이 끝나면 다시 돌아왔다. 대부분의 軍人과 그 家屬및 그 후예들은 주둔지에서 대대로 거주하며 점차 土着化하였다. 滄州의 많은 문화적 특징 중에서 “武術”은 특히 중요한 위치를 차지하였다. 滄州人의 무술 숭상 기풍은 春秋戰國시기에 이미 매우 농후하였으나, 武術의 種類와 流派滄州에 대규모로 유입된 것은 明初즉, 軍戶들이 滄州에 대거 유입된 이후부터이다. 특히 回族軍功가족들이 유입된 이후 滄州의 武術은 획기적인 변화를 겪었다. 왜냐면 回族은 尙武民族으로서 武術은 그들 생활의 일부분이었기 때문이다. 軍人들이 武術을 즐기는 전통은 滄州의 무술을 더욱 빛나게 하였다. 明初에 軍戶가 북쪽으로 이동한 후 北元의 세력이 점차 약해지자, 軍功型仕宦가족들은 子弟들에게 科擧에 투신하도록 하였고, 점차 科擧家族으로 변화하였다. 그래서 “且文且武”는 明 · 淸이래, 滄州家族의 하나의 특징이 되었다. 이러한 현상은 이들이 軍戶출신 이었다는 점과 관련될 뿐만 아니라 그들이 후에 科擧試驗에 열중한 것과도 관련된다. 明 · 淸이후 滄州家族들이 전해온 “文武兼備”의 處世哲學은 滄州가 최종적으로 “武術之鄕”이 되는데 있어서 중요한 역할을 하였다. Cangzhou area near the Capital belonged to the adjacent of the northern border with the mainland since the early Ming period. It was concerned by the Ming Government extremely. The Ming government set up the border guards and farmed here. Thus a lot of army’s families came to Cangzhou continually. These army’s families were characteristic that most of them were the revolted troops and the offenders. These immigrants mostly were military merit clans and the implicated cultural families. Because they immigrated into Cangzhou in a large population and had high social status, there was no “shame for the military man” phenomenon in Cangzhou area during the Ming dynasty. The statement of “Soldiers’ Status was low in the Ming Dynasty” was not approved in Cangzhou of the early Ming Dynasty. Gradually most of the soldiers, their families and their descendants became the inhabitants. You could say “Martial Arts” is the core of culture in Cangzhou. It was said that Cangzhou martial arts had been flourished during the Period of the Spring-and-Autumn. But the introduction of martial arts types in the large-scale was in the early Ming dynasty, namely, after the arrival of the army’s families. There were a good many of the Muslim family. They esteemed martial arts and martial arts was the part of theirs lives. They moved into Cangzhou area and made Cangzhou Martial Arts the new look. The descendants of the army’s families had genius for martial arts. Martial Arts eventually changed into “Cangzhou card”. The arrival of army’s family formed “both civil and military ability” social philosophy of Cangzhou people and played an essential role to Cangzhou as a “Kung fu Town” finally.

Rapid characterization of ginsenosides in the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS and simultaneous determination of 19 ginsenosides by HPLC-ESI-MS

Wang, Hong-Ping,Zhang, You-Bo,Yang, Xiu-Wei,Zhao, Da-Qing,Wang, Ying-Ping The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Ginsenosides are the characteristic and principal components which manifest a variety of the biological and pharmacological activities of the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng (GRR). This study was carried out to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the ginsenosides in the cultivated and forest GRR. Methods: A rapid and sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detector and quadrupole/time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS) was applied to the qualitative analysis of ginsenosides and a 4000 QTRAP triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-MS) was applied to quantitative analysis of 19 ginsenosides. Results: In the qualitative analysis, all ingredients were separated in 10 min. A total of 131 ginsenosides were detected in cultivated and forest GRR. The method for the quantitative determination was validated for linearity, precision, and limits of detection and quantification. 19 representative ginsenosides were quantitated. The total content of all 19 ginsenosides in the forest GRR were much higher than those in the cultivated GRR, and were increased with the growing ages. Conclusion: This newly developed analysis method could be applied to the quality assessment of GRR as well as the distinction between cultivated and forest GRR.

Digital Controller Candidate for Point-of-load Synchronous Buck Converter in Tri-mode Mechanism

Xiu, Li-Mei,Zhang, Wei-Ping,Li, Bo,Liu, Yuan-Sheng The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.4

A digital controller with a low-power approach for point-of-load synchronous buck converters is discussed and compared with its analog counterpart to confirm its feasibility for system integration. The tri-mode digital controller IC in $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS process is presented to demonstrate solutions that include a PID, quarter PID, and robust RST compensators. These compensators address the steady-state, stand-by, and transient modes according to the system operating point. An idle-tone free condition for ${\Sigma}-{\Delta}$ DPWM reduces the inherent tone noise under DC-excitation. Compared with that of the traditional approach, this condition generates a quasi-pure modulation signal. Experimental results verify the closed-loop performances and confirm the power-saving mechanism of the proposed controller.

Improving Clinician-Patient Communication Alleviates Stigma in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia Receiving Antidepressant Treatment

( Xiu-juan Yan ),( Hong-yi Qiu ),( Qing-qing Luo ),( Bo Wang ),( Ping Xu ),( Chen-feng Ji ),( Sheng-liang Chen ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.1

Background/Aims Antidepressants are effective in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). However, stigma associated with FD and antidepressants may affect treatment adherence. This study aims to explore possible communication strategies to alleviate stigma and improve adherence in patients with FD. Methods In this randomized, single-center, and single-blind trial, 160 patients with FD initiating antidepressant treatment were recruited. Different communication strategies were performed when prescribing antidepressants. Participants in Group 1 were told that brain is the “headquarters” of gut, and that antidepressants could act as neuromodulators to relieve symptoms of FD through regulating the functions of gut and brain. Participants in Group 2 were told that antidepressants were empirically effective for FD. Stigma scores, medication-related stigma, treatment compliance, and efficacy were analyzed. Results After 8-week antidepressant treatment, the proportion of patients with FD with decreased stigma scores in Group 1 was significantly higher than in Group 2 (internalized stigma: 64.10% vs 12.00%; perceived stigma: 55.13% vs 13.33%; P < 0.01). Medication-related stigma was lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P < 0.05 for 3 of 4 questions). Concurrently, patients in Group 1 had better treatment compliance (0.71 ± 0.25 vs 0.60 ± 0.25, P < 0.01) and efficacy. In Group 1, participants with decreased post-treatment stigma scores showed better treatment compliance and efficacy than those with non-decreased scores. Decrease in stigma scores positively correlated with treatment compliance. Conclusion Improving knowledge of patients with FD of the disease and antidepressants via proper communication may be an effective way to alleviate stigma and promote adherence. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022;28:95-103)

Determination of Protein, Fat, Starch, and Amino Acids in Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] by Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Xiu-Shi Yang,Li-Li Wang,Xian-Rong Zhou,Shaomin Shuang,Zhi-Hua Zhu,Nan Li,Yan Li,Fang Liu,San-Cai Liu,Ping Lu,Guixing Ren,Chuan Dong 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.6

Quantitative detection of protein, fat, starch,and amino acids in foxtail millet using Fourier transformnear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was investigated. Foxtail millet samples (n=259) were analyzed using NIRS. Spectral data were linearized with data from chemicalanalyses. Calibration models were established using apartial least-squares (PLS) algorithm with cross-validation. Optimized models were tested using external validation setsamples with coefficients of determination in the externalvalidation (R2val) of >0.90. Residual predictive deviation(RPD) values were nearly equal to or >2.5 for crudeprotein, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine,leucine, and serine. However, for glycine, histidine,phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tyrosine, and valine, theR2val values were >0.83 and RPD values were nearly equalto or >2.0. For crude fat, total starch, arginine, and lysine,the R2val values were >0.70 and RPD values were >1.5. NIRS is a rapid determination tool for foxtail milletbreeding, and for quality control.

Esophageal Motility in the Supine and Upright Positions for Liquid and Solid Swallows Through High-resolution Manometry

( Xiu Jing Zhang ),( Xue Lian Xiang ),( Lei Tu ),( Xiao Ping Xie ),( Xiao Hua Hou ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.4

Background/Aims Most recent studies using high-resolution manometry were based on supine liquid swallows. This study was to evaluate the differences in esophageal motility for liquid and solid swallows in the upright and supine positions, and to determine the percentages of motility abnormalities in different states. Methods Twenty-four asymptomatic volunteers and 26 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease underwent high-resolution manometry using a 36-channel manometry catheter. The peristalses of 10 water and 10 steamed bread swallows were recorded in both supine and upright positions. Integrated relaxation pressure, contractile front velocity, distal latency (DL) and the distal contractile integral (DCI) were investigated and comparisons between postures and boluses were analyzed. Abnormal peristalsis of patients was assessed applying the corresponding normative values. Results In total, 829 swallows from healthy volunteers and 959 swallows from patients were included. (1) The upright position provided lower integrated relaxation pressure, shorter DL and weaker DCI than the supine position. (2) In the comparison of liquid swallows, the mean for contractile front velocity was obviously reduced while DL and DCI were increased in solid swallows. (3) The supine position detected more hypotensive peristalsis than the upright position. The upright position provided more rapid and premature contraction than the supine position but there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions Supine solid swallows occur with more hypotensive peristalsis. Analysis should be based on normative values from the corresponding posture and bolus. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013;19:467-472)