Nucleos(t)ide Analogues for Reducing Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

( Xinhui Wang ),( Xiaoli Liu ),( Zhibo Dang ),( Lihua Yu ),( Yuyong Jiang ),( Xianbo Wang ),( Zhiyun Yang ) 대한간학회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.2

Background/Aims: Studies have shown that nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment can reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, but it is unclear which NA is most effective. We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review comparing the efficacies of NAs in CHB patients. Methods: We searched literature databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that analyzed the hepatic biochemical response, virological response, seroconversion rate, drug resistance rate, and HCC incidence rate in CHB patients treated with NAs. Meta-analyses were performed with RevMan and Stata/SE software. Results: Twelve cohort studies and one RCT were selected, in which entecavir (ETV), lamivudine (LAM), telbivudine (LdT), and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) were evaluated in CHB patients. The meta-analysis showed that ETV was superior to LAM with regard to the HCC incidence (p<0.001), biochemical response (p=0.001), virological response (p=0.02), and drug resistance (p<0.001), and ETV was superior to LdT with regard to the virological response (p<0.001) and drug resistance (p<0.001). We found no significant difference between ETV and TDF with regard to the HCC incidence (p=0.08), biochemical response (p=0.39), virological response (p=0.31), serological conversion (p=0.38), or drug resistance (p=0.95). NA-treated patients with pre-existing cirrhosis had a 5.49 times greater incidence of HCC than those without cirrhosis (p<0.001). Conclusions: ETV or TDF should be used for long-term first-line monotherapy in CHB patients according to the current guidelines. Standardized protocols are needed for future studies of ETV and TDF to facilitate conclusive comparisons. Patients with cirrhosis are at significantly elevated risk for HCC, despite the benefits of NA treatment. (Gut Liver 2020;14:232-247)

Characterization of microbial community composition and pathogens risk assessment in typical Italian-style salami by high-throughput sequencing technology

Xinhui Wang,Hongyang Ren,Yi Zhang 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

The structure of microbial communities in a typical Italian-style salami, including bacterial and fungal diversity, was investigated by high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 6 phyla, 7 classes, 19 orders, 20 families and 28 genera were obtained from 16S rDNA sequences, and a total of 2 phyla, 4 classes, 4 orders, 5 families, 10 genera and 12 Species were obtained from 18S rDNA sequences. The core microbiota was composed of Staphylococcaceae, representing up to 97.52% of the total 16S rRNA, and Penicillium digitatum, accounting for 99.74% of the total classified 18S rRNA. Lactobacillales and Saccharomycetales were detected with a quite low proportion of 1.71 and 0.007%, respectively. This study contributes to the knowledge of the microbial diversity involved in salami and presents high-throughput sequencing as a useful tool to evaluate microbial diversity and monitor the food-borne pathogens in fermented sausage.

Comparison of Two Site-Specifically ¹⁸F-Labeled Affibodies for PET Imaging of EGFR Positive Tumors

Su, Xinhui,Cheng, Kai,Jeon, Jongho,Shen, Bin,Venturin, Gianina Teribele,Hu, Xiang,Rao, Jianghong,Chin, Frederick T.,Wu, Hua,Cheng, Zhen American Chemical Society 2014 MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Vol.11 No.11

<P>The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) serves as an attractive target for cancer molecular imaging and therapy. Our previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies showed that the EGFR-targeting affibody molecules <SUP>64</SUP>Cu-DOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-FBEM-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> can discriminate between high and low EGFR-expression tumors and have the potential for patient selection for EGFR-targeted therapy. Compared with <SUP>64</SUP>Cu, <SUP>18</SUP>F may improve imaging of EGFR-expression and is more suitable for clinical application, but the labeling reaction of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FBEM-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> requires a long synthesis time. The aim of the present study is to develop a new generation of <SUP>18</SUP>F labeled affibody probes (Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB>) and to determine whether they are suitable agents for imaging of EGFR expression. The first approach consisted of conjugating Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> with NOTA and radiolabeling with Al<SUP>18</SUP>F to produce Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB>. In a second approach the prosthetic group <SUP>18</SUP>F-labeled-2-cyanobenzothiazole (<SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT) was conjugated to Cys-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> to produce <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB>. Binding affinity and specificity of Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> to EGFR were evaluated using A431 cells. Biodistribution and PET studies were conducted on mice bearing A431 xenografts after injection of Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> or <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> with or without coinjection of unlabeled affibody proteins. The radiosyntheses of Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> were completed successfully within 40 and 120 min with a decay-corrected yield of 15% and 41% using a 2-step, 1-pot reaction and 2-step, 2-pot reaction, respectively. Both probes bound to EGFR with low nanomolar affinity in A431 cells. Although <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> showed instability <I>in vivo</I>, biodistribution studies revealed rapid and high tumor accumulation and quick clearance from normal tissues except the bones. In contrast, Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> demonstrated high <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> stability, high tumor uptake, and relative low uptake in most of the normal organs except the liver and kidneys at 3 h after injection. The specificity of both probes for A431 tumors was confirmed by their lower uptake on coinjection of unlabeled affibody. PET studies showed that Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> could clearly identify EGFR positive tumors with good contrast. Two strategies for <SUP>18</SUP>F-labeling of affibody molecules were successfully developed as two model platforms using NOTA or CBT coupling to affibody molecules that contain an N-terminal cysteine. Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> and <SUP>18</SUP>F-CBT-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> can be reliably obtained in a relatively short time. Biodistribution and PET studies demonstrated that Al<SUP>18</SUP>F-NOTA-Z<SUB>EGFR:1907</SUB> is a promising PET probe for imaging EGFR expression in living mice.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2014/mpohbp.2014.11.issue-11/mp5003043/production/images/medium/mp-2014-003043_0008.gif'></P>

Catalytic enantioselective boron conjugate addition to cyclic carbonyl compounds: a new approach to cyclic β-hydroxy carbonyls

Feng, Xinhui,Yun, Jaesook Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Chemical communications Vol.2009 No.43

<P>The highly enantioselective conjugate boration of six-membered and seven-membered cyclic enones and unsaturated esters was achieved by the use of a copper–(<I>R,S</I>)-Taniaphos complex with up to 99% ee under optimal conditions.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The copper-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of a diboron reagent to cyclic carbonyl compounds is described. The use of a copper–(<I>R,S</I>)-Taniaphos complex effects the highly enantioselective conjugate boration of six- and seven-membered cyclic enones and unsaturated esters with up to 99% ee. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b914207j'> </P>

Characterization of microbial community composition and pathogens risk assessment in typical Italian-style salami by high-throughput sequencing technology

Wang, Xinhui,Ren, Hongyang,Zhan, Yi 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

The structure of microbial communities in a typical Italian-style salami, including bacterial and fungal diversity, was investigated by high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 6 phyla, 7 classes, 19 orders, 20 families and 28 genera were obtained from 16S rDNA sequences, and a total of 2 phyla, 4 classes, 4 orders, 5 families, 10 genera and 12 Species were obtained from 18S rDNA sequences. The core microbiota was composed of Staphylococcaceae, representing up to 97.52% of the total 16S rRNA, and Penicillium digitatum, accounting for 99.74% of the total classified 18S rRNA. Lactobacillales and Saccharomycetales were detected with a quite low proportion of 1.71 and 0.007%, respectively. This study contributes to the knowledge of the microbial diversity involved in salami and presents high-throughput sequencing as a useful tool to evaluate microbial diversity and monitor the food-borne pathogens in fermented sausage.

Bacthing Auditing of Data in Multicloud Storage

Zhihua Xia,Xinhui Wang,Xingming Sun,Yafeng Zhu,Peng Ji,Jin Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.6

Cloud storage enables users to outsource their data to cloud servers and enjoy the on-demand services. However, this new paradigm also introduces integrity threats toward user’ outsourced data. This paper develops an efficient auditing mechanism, which support batch auditing for multiple data files in multi-cloud environment. By constructing a sequence-enforced Merkle Hash Tree, the proposed protocol can resist the replace attack. By using the bilinear map, the proposed protocol achieves stateless and transparent verification. By putting the computation of intermediate values of the verification on cloud servers, our method can greatly reduce the computing burden of the auditor. The performance analysis proves the good efficiency of the proposed protocol.

Effects of Ligand and Cosolvent on Oxidative Coupling Polymerization of 2,6-Dimethylphenol Catalyzed by Chelating Amine-Copper(II) Complexes

김민구,Xinhui Feng,김용태,김중인,윤재숙 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.10

The influence of chelating amine ligands, copper precursors, and solvent composition on copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling of 2,6-dimethylphenol was investigated. The most efficient catalytic reaction was conducted with CuCl2-di-tert-butylethylenediamine (Dt-BEDA) complex in anisole or toluene with alcohol cosolvent. Slight structural changes in the N-substituent, backbone, or coordination atom of the ligand significantly dropped catalytic activities, leading to a low polymer yield. Alcohol cosolvent was necessary to synthesize a polymer of high molecular weight (Mn>10,000) with the copper(II) catalyst in toluene. With increasing alcohol ratios, the isolated yields and Mn values of the resulting polymers gradually decreased. However, the use of sterically bulky t-butanol produced polymers of the desired molecular weight ranges with low polydispersity indexes (PDI, <2) and without a significant drop in isolated yield.

Query Expansion based on Related Term Group in Chinese Information Retrieval

Jing Luo,Xinhui Tu 대한전자공학회 2006 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2006 No.3

Fast matrix splitting iteration method for the linear system from spatial fractional diffusion equations

YuPeng Liang,XinHui Shao 한국전산응용수학회 2020 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.38 No.5

The spatial fractional diffusion equation can be discretized by employing the implicit finite difference scheme using the shifted Gr"unwald formula. The discretized linear system is obtained, whose the coefficient matrix has a diagonal-plus-Toeplitz structure. In order to solve the diagonal-plus-Toeplitz linear system, on the basis of circulant and skew-circulant splitting (CSCS splitting), we construct a new and efficient iterative method, called DSCS iterative methods, which have two parameters. Than we prove the convergence of DSCS methods. As a focus, we derive the simple and effective values of two optimal parameters under some restrictions. Some numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the validity and accuracy of the new methods.

Electroconvulsive Therapy on Severe Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Comorbid Depressive Symptoms

Xiaohui Liu,Xinhui Xie,Hong Cui,Qiang Wei,Ying Wang,Keyong Wang,Chen Wang,Chunyan Zhu 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.2

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is not currently used as a first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, several related case reports have demonstrated that ECT seems to be effective for severe OCD, especially when first-line therapies have failed. In this study, we describe the courses, detailed parameters, effects, and follow-up information relating to three patients with severe OCD who were treated by modified bifrontal ECT after their first-line anti-OCD treatments pharmacotherapy, behavioral therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy failed. The number of ECT procedures administered in each case is as follows: Case 1, eight; Case 2, three; and Case 3, four. In all three cases, the patients’ depressive symptoms improved considerably after the ECT procedures. In addition, the condition of all three patients’ OCD significantly improved and remained stable at regular follow-ups. ECT may play an effective role in treating severe OCD.