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Cough Inhibition Activity of Schisandra chinensis in Guinea Pigs
Shan Zhong,Li-Ping Bai,Xiao-Dong Liu,Die-Yi Cai,Lee-Fong Yau,Chu-Qin Huang,Jia-Qi Zhang,Ke-Fang Lai,Nan-Shan Zhong 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.4
Chronic cough is very common in respiratory clinics, and no effective drugs are available. Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis), an important traditional Chinese medicine, has been extensively prescribed for patients with a persistent cough. Preliminary research indicated that 95% ethanol extracts (EE) of S. chinensis showed remarkable antitussive activity in guinea pigs exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). To find out the antitussive ingredients of S. chinensis, EE was divided into four fractions according to the polarity: petroleum ether extract (PEE), ethyl acetate extract (ECE), n-butyl alcohol extract, and residue extract. The antitussive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of the four fractions were evaluated in a guinea pig model of cough hypersensitivity induced by CS exposure. Eighteen main constituents of the two effective fractions, PEE and ECE, were identified using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography electronic spray ion time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The cough inhibition activities of compound 1, 3, 9, 10, 17 were evaluated on citric acid induced acute cough guinea pigs. The results showed that the antitussive activity of EE was almost all contained in PEE and ECE. The 16 major peaks in PEE were identified as 15 lignans (1–12 and 14–16) and 1 triterpene (compound 13), and 3 major peaks (1, 17, and 18) in ECE were also identified as lignans. Three doses of five compounds brought about a significant decrease in number of cough efforts (P < .01), and the cough inhibition rates were between 40.9% and 85.1%. Therefore, lignans are the antitussive ingredients of S. chinensis.
( Xiao Shan Shan ) 인문사회과학예술융합학회 2018 인문사회과학예술융합학회지 Vol.2 No.2
Taking the tourism cultural planning of Tonggu ridge in Hainan as an example, this paper expounds the expression techniques of tourism cultural planning in detail in terms of copper drum sculpture, architectural design, landscape sketches, tourist commodities, tourist signs and tourism performance, which according to the natural environment, climate and humanistic characteristics of Tonggu ridge. The cultural planning of Tonggu ridge scenic area not only pays attention to the continuation of regional cultural characteristics and historical context, but also scientifically uses modern design techniques and combines architectural materials to inherit and develop regional culture.
A Study on Rural Revitalization Planning and Design - A case of the Peach Garden sharing farmstead -
Xiao, Shan-Shan,고정훈 한국상품문화디자인학회 2019 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.58 No.-
In this paper, the planning and design of the Peach Garden sharing farmstead in Hainan is taken as an example, according to the regional characteristics, advantageous resources, as well as industrial layout and so on. The application of the planning is stated in details from the aspects. They are policy basis, rural revitalization philosophy, sales of construction, as well as contents of construction. and this study is conducted through analysis and summarizing. The project of the Peach Garden, firstly, conforms the national industrial policies to promotes the industrial integration and development. Secondly, fully drives the primary industry and the secondary industry and positively makes the tertiary industry bigger and stronger. That is, finally, beneficial for developing the rural economy, push farmers to transfer into service industry and processing industry, and get the rural revitalization.
Xiao-Shan Cao,Guo-Ren Yang,Bin-Bin Cong,Peng-Fei Qiu,Yong-Sheng Wang 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2
Purpose The purpose of this study was to detect the lymphatic drainage pattern of internal mammary area and verify the concept of internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IM-SLN) in breast. Materials and Methods A small particle radiotracer (99mTc-Dextran 40) was prepared and tested. 99mTc-Dextran 40 was injected into intraparenchyma at the sound breast by a modified radiotracer injection technique. Subsequently, dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT), and SPECT/CT combination images were performed to identify the radioactive lymph vessels and internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs). The direction of lymph drainage and the location of the IMLNs were identified in the SPECT/CT imaging. Results The radiochemical purity of 99mTc-Dextran 40 was > 95%. 99mTc-Dextran 40 could drainage into first, second, and third lymph node and the radioactive lymph node could be detected by the detector in the animal experiment. After 99mTc-Dextran 40 injecting into intraparenchyma, 50.0% cases (15/30) were identified the drainage lymphatic vessels and radioactive IMLNs by SPECT. The drainage lymphatic vessel was found from injection point to the first IMLN (IM-SLN) after 10.5±0.35 minutes radiotracer injection, and then 99mTc-Dextran 40 was accumulated into the IM-SLN. The combination imaging of SPECT/CT showed the second IMLN received the lymph drainage from the IM-SLN. The lymphatic drainage was step by step in the internal mammary area. Conclusion The lymph was identified to drain from different regions of the breast to IM-SLN, and then outward from IM-SLN to other IMLN consecutively. It demonstrated the concept of the IM-SLN and provided more evidences for the application of internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy.
Xiao Ling Zhu,Wei Yang,Shan Shan Gao,Jin Ping Zhang 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.74 No.5
The structure, elastic and electronic properties of MoAlB have been studied under high pressure by using first principles. The optimized lattice parameters, elastic constants, bulk moduli, and shear moduli agree well with experimental and other theoretical values. The relationships of the lattice constants with pressure indicated an anisotropic behavior. The calculated elastic constants satisfy the mechanical stability conditions. Our calculated Vickers hardness of MoAlB is 11.56~GPa, which agrees with the experimental data and confirms its having a relatively softer nature than the other borides. The Cauchy pressure, the Poisson's ratio and the $G/B$ value suggest that MoAlB is a brittle solid under ambient conditions, but the brittleness decreases with increasing pressure. The band structure and the density of states reveal the metallic feature of MoAlB, and the energy levels shift toward both sides of the Fermi level with increasing pressure. The Mulliken population and density of states suggest a mixture bonding nature of covalence and metallicity in MoAlB.
Xiao, Zhong-Yue,Ru, Yi,Sun, Jiang-Tao,Gao, She-Gan,Wang, Yu-Feng,Wang, Li-Dong,Feng, Xiao-Shan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Objective: To determine whether CDX2 and villin protein expression are associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in gastric cardiac mucosa and to explore the relationship with evolution of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods: We studied 143 gastric cardiac biopsy or resection specimens from Henan province China, including 25 cardiac gastritis specimens with IM, 65 dysplasia specimens with IM and 35 gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma specimens and stained them for CDX2 and villin by the immunohistochemical SP method. 15 normal gastric cardiac biopsy specimens were also collected as control. Results: (1) Normal gastric mucosa presented no CDX2 and villin expression. The positive rates of CDX2 protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 84.0% (21/25), 66.7% (32/48) and 36.4% (20/55), respectively. While the positive rates of villin protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 76.0% (19/25), 70.8% (34/48) and 45.5% (25/55), respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups for both CDX2 and villin (P<0.01). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient(rho) showed a close correlation between the two proteins (r=0.843, P<0.01) and both were positively related with tumor differentiation (both P<0.05), but not associated with age, sex, invasion and metastasis of lymph node (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that ectopic expression of CDX2 and villin may be involved in early-stage IM and tumorigenesis in gastric cardia and the expression of villin may be regulated by CDX2.
Xiao-Quan Xu,Chen-Jiang Wu,Shan-Shan Lu,Qian-Qian Gao,Qing-Quan Zu,Xing-Long Liu,Hai-Bin Shi,Sheng Liu 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.5
Objective: To determine the relationship between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging derived quantitative metrics and serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) level in an embolic canine stroke model. Materials and Methods: A middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established in 24 beagle dogs. Experimental dogs were divided into low- and high-sCD40L group according to serum sCD40L level at 4.5 hours after establishing the model. IVIM imaging was scanned at 4.5 hours after model establishment using 10 b values ranging from 0 to 900 s/mm2. Quantitative metrics diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) of ischemic lesions were calculated. Quantitative metrics of ischemic lesions were normalized by contralateral hemisphere using the following formula: normalized D = Dstroke / Dcontralateral. Differences in IVIM metrics between the low- and high-sCD40L groups were compared using t test. Pearson’s correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship between IVIM metrics and serum sCD40L level. Results: The high-sCD40L group showed significantly lower f and normalized f values than the low-sCD40L group (f, p < 0.001; normalized f, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D value between the two groups (All p > 0.05). Both f and normalized f values were negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level (f, r = -0.789, p < 0.001; normalized f, r = -0.823, p < 0.001). However, serum sCD40L level had no significant correlation with D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D (All p > 0.05). Conclusion: The f value derived from IVIM imaging was negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level. f value might serve as a potential imaging biomarker to assess the formation of microvascular thrombosis in hyperacute period of ischemic stroke.
The role of protein arginine-methyltransferase 1 in gliomagenesis
( Shan Wang ),( Xiao Chao Tan ),( Bin Yang ),( Bin Yin ),( Jian Gang Yuan ),( Bo Qin Qiang ),( Xiao Zhong Peng ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.8
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a type-I arginine methyltransferase, has been implicated in diverse cellular events. We have focused on the role of PRMT1 in gliomagenesis. In this study, we showed that PRMT1 expression was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines compared with normal brain tissues. The knock-down of PRMT1 resulted in an arrest in the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in four glioma cell lines (T98G, U87MG, U251, and A172). Moreover, an in vivo study confirmed that the tumor growth in nude mouse xenografts was significantly decreased in the RNAi-PRMT1 group. Additionally, we found that the level of the asymmetric dimethylated modification of H4R3, a substrate of PRMT1, was higher in glioma cells than in normal brain tissues and decreased after PRMT1 knock-down. Our data suggest a potential role for PRMT1 as a novel biomarker of and therapeutic target in gliomas. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(8): 470-475]