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Directing Governmemt Procurement as an Incentive of Production
Chen, Xiangqun 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1995 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.10 No.1
Due to the inefficacy of current government procurement policy (Baldwin [1970, 1984], Baldwin and Richardson [1971], and Miyagiwa [1991]), a new policy scheme that embodies the incentive of production is proposed in this paper. The policy, which ties positively the government purchase from each of the domestic firms to its sales to consumers, is found to have the effects of increasing domestic output and reducing imports. Moreover, the optimal policy is such that it induces the domestic firms to produce at the socially optimal level.
Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Carbonized Polyaniline by Conducting Wrapping
Zhihong Luo,Xiangqun Zhuge,Yuzhen Zhao,Meixiao He,Lihua Zhu,Heiqing Tang,Kun Luo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.8
Functionalized carbon nanotubes (MWNT–COOH) was selected as conducting wrapping agent to prepare composites of MWNT–COOH and carbonized polyaniline (C–PANI), to improve the supercapacitive performance of C–PANI. The morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope which showed that C–PANI was trapped in the conductive network of MWNT–COOH. The electrochemical measurement results indicated the increased specific capacitance and enhanced cycling stability of C–PANI with the addition of MWNT–COOH. When the weight ratio of C–PANI and MWNT–COOH was 4:1, the specific capacitance of the composites was 149 F g-1, and the capacitance retention was 93.7% after 1000 charge–discharge cycling.
Yuan Song,Xiangqun Wu,Di Yang,Fang Fang,Lingshi Meng,Ya Liu,Weiwei Cui 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.4
Much research has indicated that alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation induced by ethanol, and that numerous antioxidants could effectively alleviate such injuries. Moreover, recent studies have identified andrographolide (AD) as having strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which can block oxidative damage associated with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation. However, the biological role and potential mechanism of AD in its protection against ALD have not been fully characterized. To observe the possible effect of AD, male C57BL/6J mice received ethanol through intragastrical gavage for 12 weeks in this study. The ethanol group was separated into five subgroups: (1) model group (n = 10); (2) silymarin group (0.1 mg/g body weight [BW], n = 10); (3) AD (0.05 mg/g BW) group (n = 10); (4) AD (0.1 mg/g BW) group (n = 10); and (5) AD (0.2 mg/g BW) group (n = 10). Mice in AD groups were treated orally by gavage once per day. The experimental results show that serum aminotransferase, liver lipids, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacities were significantly changed in the model group after alcohol treatment, and the liver tissue histological findings showed pathological changes. Compared with the model group, treatment with AD improved serum aminotransferase, liver function, lipid accumulation, and hepatic reactive oxygen species levels. And AD decreased the hepatic NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) protein expression of ALD mice. This research demonstrated that AD can alleviate liver pathological injury and oxidative stress in mice exposed to ethanol by decreasing the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α.
ZHOU WENGE,CUI XIANGQUN The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1
This paper describes a plan of a new IR phace-shfting interferometric system for testing astronomical aspheric mirror which has big departure from the best fit reference sphere during fine grinding. In this experimental system, some new technology will be adopted. The accuracy of system can reach $\lambda$/40($\lambda$=10.6${\mu}m$)
Effects of chlorantraniliprole on detoxification enzymes activities in Locusta migratoria L.
Guangchun Cao,Miao Jia,Xia Zhao,Lei Wang,Xiongbing Tu,Guangjun Wang,Xiangqun Nong,Zehua Zhang 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.3
The broad insecticide chlorantraniliprole causes death by activating the ryanodine receptor, and its effects on detoxification enzymes limit its proper rotation and mixed use with other pesticides. Therefore, we studied the changes in detoxification enzymes activities of Locusta migratoria L. nymphs induced by chlorantraniliprole. When nymphs of locust were treated with chlorantraniliprole only on the first day, the LC50 was 4.8 μg mL−1, and the activities of esterases (ESTs) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) increased, but the activity of multifunction oxidases (MFOs) increased only at 3 day after treatment, although the activities fluctuated over 7 days after treatment. When the nymphs of locust were treated for 7 days, the LC50 was 2.3–3.1 μg mL−1, and similarly the activities of ESTs and GSTs increased while that of MFOs decreased significantly in a concentrationdependent manner. Synergism of triphenylphosphate, piperonyl butoxide, and diethyl maleate with chlorantraniliprole toxicity confirmed the correlation between chlorantraniliprole and changes in ESTs, GSTs, and MFOs activities. Herein, we improved the knowledge about the effects of chlorantraniliprole on these detoxification enzymes of L. migratória. These results clarified the effects of chlorantraniliprole on the activities of ESTs, GSTs, and MFOs in L. migratoria, and will provide insight into its proper rotation and mixed use with other pesticides.
Xunbing Huang,Huihui Wu,Xiongbing Tu,Zhuoran Zhang,Hongtian Su,Yongming Shi,Guang-Jun Wang,Guangchun Cao,Xiangqun Nong,Zehua Zhang 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.1
Outbreaks of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) often cause serious ecological damage. Recently, there has been interest in using natural enemies of grasshopper for their biological control. This study examined the biology and predation on grasshoppers by Eremias argus, a common lizard in Inner Mongolia. Its developmental duration and life history are consistent with adaptation to grasshopper phenology. The diet structure of E. argus included grasshoppers, beetles, ants, leafhoppers, moths, bees and spiders. A positive correlation between E. argus population numbers and grasshopper population numbers was highly significant. We built models describing the functional response and intraspecific competition for E. argus adults. The functional feeding response of E. argus on grasshopper was classed as Holling type III. The maximum number of grasshoppers consumed by female and male adults were 11.2 and 7.0 individuals per day, respectively. Predatory ability was strongest in female adults, with the second and third instars of Oedaleus asiaticus preferred. The predation ratios(E) of E. argus on grasshoppers declinedwith increasing lizard density, especially for female adult E. argus. E. argus could play an important role in grasshopper control and maintaining a population of E. argus in the grassland ecosystemcould effectively control low-density grasshopper populations on grassland. Suggestions on how E. argus could fit into an IPM programme for biological control of grasshopper are discussed.
Cheng, Ann-Lii,Kang, Yoon-Koo,Lin, Deng-Yn,Park, Joong-Won,Kudo, Masatoshi,Qin, Shukui,Chung, Hyun-Cheol,Song, Xiangqun,Xu, Jianming,Poggi, Guido,Omata, Masao,Pitman Lowenthal, Susan,Lanzalone, Silvan American Society for Clinical Oncology 2013 Journal of clinical oncology Vol.31 No.32
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Open-label, phase III trial evaluating whether sunitinib was superior or equivalent to sorafenib in hepatocellular cancer.</P><P><B>Patients and Methods</B></P><P>Patients were stratified and randomly assigned to receive sunitinib 37.5 mg once per day or sorafenib 400 mg twice per day. Primary end point was overall survival (OS).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Early trial termination occurred for futility and safety reasons. A total of 1,074 patients were randomly assigned to the study (sunitinib arm, n = 530; sorafenib arm, n = 544). For sunitinib and sorafenib, respectively, median OS was 7.9 versus 10.2 months (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30; one-sided <I>P</I> = .9990; two-sided <I>P</I> = .0014); median progression-free survival (PFS; 3.6 <I>v</I> 3.0 months; HR, 1.13; one-sided <I>P</I> = .8785; two-sided <I>P</I> = .2286) and time to progression (TTP; 4.1 <I>v</I> 3.8 months; HR, 1.13; one-sided <I>P</I> = .8312; two-sided <I>P</I> = .3082) were comparable. Median OS was similar among Asian (7.7 <I>v</I> 8.8 months; HR, 1.21; one-sided <I>P</I> = .9829) and hepatitis B–infected patients (7.6 <I>v</I> 8.0 months; HR, 1.10; one-sided <I>P</I> = .8286), but was shorter with sunitinib in hepatitis C–infected patients (9.2 <I>v</I> 17.6 months; HR, 1.52; one-sided <I>P</I> = .9835). Sunitinib was associated with more frequent and severe adverse events (AEs) than sorafenib. Common grade 3/4 AEs were thrombocytopenia (29.7%) and neutropenia (25.7%) for sunitinib; hand-foot syndrome (21.2%) for sorafenib. Discontinuations owing to AEs were similar (sunitinib, 13.3%; sorafenib, 12.7%).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>OS with sunitinib was not superior or equivalent but was significantly inferior to sorafenib. OS was comparable in Asian and hepatitis B–infected patients. OS was superior in hepatitis C–infected patients who received sorafenib. Sunitinib-treated patients reported more frequent and severe toxicity.</P>