Linear Combination Analysis Using GPS Data

Park, Woon-Yong,Lee, Dong-Rak,Back, Ki-Suk,Hong, Jung-Soo 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.28 No.2

We can process and compute the position, velocity and time by satellite signals of GPS. The signals are used to compute positioning of three dimensions and timing offset of the receiver clock when we can track the tour satellite signals at least. One of the specified aims is to use less expensive single frequency code/carrier phase GPS receivers, which are typically around half the price of dual frequency receivers. In the study, the author analyzed the accuracy and applicability of frequence linear combination using triangulation points evaluated distance limitation.

建築物을 土地情報시스템에 登錄하는 方法의 硏究

박운용,이동락,백기석 東亞大學校建設技術硏究所 2004 硏究論文集 Vol.28 No.1

In this study. we investigated 3 methods for precise registration of buildings into LIS. They are : 1. using digital topographic maps. 2. using registered building maps. 3. cadastral surveyings on sites. The first method was found that it hardly met required precision. and the second one was also lack of precision because of unmatched actual buildings with registered ones and many unregistered buildings. The last method produced the most precise results. although it required laborious cadastral surveyings on sites. Considering the importance of building registration as it shows the ownerships of properties. the third method was thought to be desirable.

肝吸蟲感染 마우스의 膽管系 早期 變化

閔弘基,韓雲燮 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1984 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.7 No.2

The objective of this sutdy was to obtain further information on the relation-ship between oncogenesis of cholangiocellular carcinoma of the liver and the infection with a liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis in the earlier stage of the infec-tion. A group of 24 BALB/C male mice were used. Approximately 500 metacercariae were given orally to each mouse. Three mice were killed on the scheduled day, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 28th day after infection, respectively and histopathologic changes of the bile ducts were examined using hematoxylin and eosin stain method. The histopathologic findings observed were summarized as follows ; 1) Mice killed on the 3rd day showed a mild epithelial hyperplasia with the formation of papillae and adenomatous tissue proliferation. Bile ducts were dilated and the stroma was infiltrated by inflammatory cells, mainly eosinophils and polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Occasionally mitotic figures and atypia of epithelial cells were seen. Worms were found in the distal peripheral smaller branches of the bile duct. 2) Mice killed on the 7th day gave a mild connective tissue proliferation in addition to more striking pictures in the bile ducts. Chronic mononuclear leucocytes appeared in the stroma. 3) Bile duct chagnges including epithelial hyperplasia, adenomatous tissue for-mation, connective tissue proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration were greater in the degrees in mice killed on the 10th day after infection. Mucinous cell metaplasia and collagen fiber proliferation were also observed. 4) From the 15th day throughout the 28th day after infection, mice showed the most striking pictures of peithelial hyperplasia, adenomatous tissue formation and mucinous cell metaplasia. The stroma demonstrated the excessive eosinophil and chronic mononuclear leucocyte infiltrations, while polymorphonuclear leucocytes were decreased.

국제정치경제에서 변화에 관한 이론: 장주기 이론과 패권전쟁 이론

전기원 지방행정연구소 1996 地方과行政硏究 Vol.8 No.1

국제정치경제의 변화의 성격과 동인을 설명하고자 하는 노력은 많은 삶들에 의해 시도되어왔다. 현대에 들어와서 대표적인 인물이 러시아의 경제학자 콘드라티프(Nikolai Kondratieff)이다. 선진 자본주의 국가의 경제적 부침이 약 50년을 주기로 이루어 진다는 그의 장주기이론 이후 강대국의 성장과 멸망 그리고 전쟁과 경기순환의 인과관계를 설명하고자하는 분석적 논의가 활발하게 전개되었다. 본 논문에서는 분석의 명료성을 위해 국제정치경제의 변화에 관한 입장을 크게 두가지로 구분한다. 하나는 국제정치경제의 기본성격을 주기성(cydical)을 가진 것으로 간주하고 경제적인 변수가 정치, 군사적인 상황에 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악한다. 다른 하나는 이러한 주기적인 특징과 경기적 순환의 정치·군사적 입지와의 직접적인 관계를 거부하고 단지 전쟁으로 인한 강대국(hegemonic power)의 교체를 가져오는 비주기적(non-cyclical)인 관점에서 국제정치의 변화의 성격을 제시한다. 모델스키(George Modelski)와 골드스틴(Joshua Goldstein)이 전자의 입장을 대표하며 왈러슈타인(Immanuel Wallerstein)도 장주기의 관점은 다르나 주기적인 반복을 그 속성으로 하는 데에는 전자에 속한다. 레비(Jack Levy)와 길핀(Robert Gilpin)은 후자의 입장을 나타내고 있다. 전자의 입장을 주장하는 사람들은 1494년 이후 포르투갈부터 시작하여 현재의 미국에 이르기까지 약 500년동안 대체로 규칙적인 다섯개와 장주기(five long cycles)를 형성하여 왔다고 한다. 그러나 이러한 주기적 부침속에서도 특히 골드스틴의 분석에서는-왈러슈타인(Immanuel Wallerstein)의 관점을 수용하여-네덜란드, 영국, 미국의 헤게모니만을 인정한다. 한편 레비는 1495년이후 64개의 강대국전쟁(Great Power Wars)을 분석한후 빈도에 있어서는 감소추세에 있으나 강도에 있어서는 과학기술의 발달로 증가추세의 경향을 지적하였다. 길핀에의하면 국제정치경제체제는 끊임없는 평형(equilibrium)과 불균형(disequilibrium)의 연속이며 변화를 유도하는 환경적 요인은 변화에 대한 손익계산(cost/benefit calculation)이며 역사적으로 볼때 헤게모니전쟁이 변화의 주요 메카니즘이다. 그러나 레비나 길핀 모두에게 있어서 전쟁은 결코 주기적인 것은 아니다. 따라서 국제정치경제에서의 변화에 관한 두가지 입장은 결국 주기적 성격과 비주기적 성격을 주장하는 입장으로 대립되어 있다고 하겠다. 국제정치경제의 변화의 성격이 적어도 근대이후 주기적인 경향임을 주장하는 입장은 적어도 예측가능한 방법론적인 낙관론을 포함하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 접근법은 칼 포퍼(Karl Popper)가 경고한 빈곤한 역사주의(Poverty of Historicism)로 전락할 위험이 있다. 따라서 보다 적실성있는 국제정치경제의 변화를 분석하는 접근법은 비주기적(비반복적)인 것에 있다고 하겠다.

양극화 Al 박 상에 형성된 산화층의 표면적과 밀도

김기철,이경철,안운선,박광자 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

전해 콘덴서를 만드는 데 쓰이는 알루미늄 박은 그 표면을 etching한 다음에 양극 산화를 시켜서 표면에 산화층을 형성시키고 그 금속/산화금속 계면의 넓이를 극대화 시킨 것이다. 이 산화금속 층의 구조와 계면의 넓이를 판단하기 위해서 etching 처리한 박과 etching에 이어서 양극 산화 처리한 알루미늄 박 산화층의 표면적과 밀도를 중량식 BET 흡착 장치를 이용해서 측정하였다. Aluminium foils used for the electrolytic capacitor are usually prodused by etching the metal surface followed by anodization to form dielectric oxide layers on them with the maximum metal/metal oxide interface area. The densities and surface areas of the surface layer on the etched film as well as those on the anodized film are determined with a gravimetric BET apparatus. The interface areas and the structure of the dielectrics are inferred from the results.

AHRS을 이용한 자세결정과 Heading 산출을 위한 연구

박운용,백기석,송연경 東亞大學校 大學院 2004 大學院論文集 Vol.29 No.-

In this paper, the error compensation method of the low-cost IMU is proposed. In general, the position and attitude error calculated by accelerometers and gyros grows with time. Therefore the additional information is required to compensate the drift. The attitude angles can be bound accelerometer mixing algorithm and the heading angle can be aided by single antenna GPS velocity. The Kalman filter is used for error compensation. The result is verified by comparing with the attitude calculated by Attitude Heading Reference System with Micro Electro Mechanical System for a basis

돈분과 피마자박의 혼합비율에 따른 퇴비화 연구

장기운,이종진,홍주화,김남천,김완주,최우영 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

This study was conducted to estimate the humificating grade according to experiment of physico-chemical characterization and phyto-toxicity during composting of using with pig manure and castor meal. The material ratios of the compost which was mixed with pig manure(P), castor meal(C), and saw dust(S) were 5 : 1 : 4(PCS-I), 5 : 2.5 : 2.5(PCS-II) and 5 : 4 : 1(PCS-III) by volume to volume, and they were decomposed for 60 days. In the result, the changes of temperature in all treatments during composting were rapidly increased more than 68℃ at the incipient stage, and gradually decreased within 39℃ at 60 days the after treatment. pH was slowly increased from 7.5 to 7.7, and the C/N ratio was 13∼14 at the final composting stage. The low C/N ratio value in this compost was caused by the castor meal contented high nitrogen level(T-N 5.7 %). G.I.(germination index) was showed 73 to 78 range in all treatments at the 60^(th) day. Among all treatments PCS-I was appeared to be the best condition for composting.

흰쥐에서 연령이 골격근의 당 대사에 미치는 영향

정응찬,우운기,이석강 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.1

Background: It is doubtful that aging causes deteriorated glucose metabolism and insulin resistance of skeletal muscle. Some researchers had different results about it. So we have studied the mechanism responsible for the abnormal glucose tolerance associated with aging in rapidly growing and matured rats. Materials and Methods: Animals were used S.D. rats. Growing rats were 7 weeks old (BW: 160-190 gm) and matured rats were 28 weeks old (BW: 420-525 gm). Results: Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in matured rat compared with growing rats. And during oral glucose tolerance test the glucose level was also significantly elevated in matured rats. These results confirmed an insulin resistant state of aging. Insulin levels at 30 minutes of oral glucose tolerance test was significantly elevated in growing rat. But at 120 minutes it was maintained at higher level in matured rats than in growing rats. It suggested the possibility of increased insulin secretion by initial stimulation of beta-cells in growing rats, and increased secretion and decreased catabolic rate of insulin in matured rats. Glucose uptake rate of soleus muscle in matured rats was lower than that of growing rats, but the difference was not statistically significant. The dose(insulin)-responsive(glucose uptake) curve of soleus muscle was only slightly deviated to the right side. Conclusion: Glucose metabolism of rat skeletal muscle was worsened by aging. The data of glucose uptake experiments suggested the possibility of insulin resistance of skeletal muscle in matured rats, but the mechanism of insulin resistance of skeletal muscle need further studies.

學術硏究支援財團의 事業開發戰略에 관한 硏究

崔志雲,鄭基成 강릉대학교 영동산업문제연구소 1990 産經論叢 Vol.12 No.-

쌀보리를 기질로 한 알코올발효의 최적 액화효소

남기두,김운식,최명호,박완 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

증자시 높은 점성이 문제되는 쌀보리를 기질로 알콜발효를 행할 경우, 기질의 점성문제를 해결하여 발효조건을 개선하면서 생산수율을 올릴 수 있는 상업용 액화효소를 검토하였다. 쌀보리 증자액화시 BAN을 사용한 경우 기절의 점도는 T120L의 1/3 정도로 떨어졌으며 최종 알콜수율도 T120L에 비해 원료 Ton 당 4 ℓ 정도 더 높게 나왔다. 알콜의 수율은 사용한 당화효소의 종류에 의해서도 영향을 받았다. 산업 규모에서 BAN을 사용한 쌀보리의저온증자가 가능하였으며 고온증자에 비해 알콜수율도 388.4에서 390.4 ℓ/Ton으로 약간 증가하였다. 또 이때 사용한 기질의 전분가를 분석하였는데, 산가수분해 및 효소가수분해법에 의한 쌀의 전분가 분석치는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 쌀 보리의 경우는 효소가수분해법에 의한 값이 산가수분해법에 비해 10% 정도 낮게 나타났다. 이때 BAN은 T120L에 비해 전분가가 약 1% 높게 나왔다. Various treatments of naked barley with commercial liquefying enzymes have been employed to reduce high viscosity of naked barley in cooking as a raw material for alcohol production and to increase alcohol yield. The enzyme BAN used for cooking and liquefaction of naked barley was able to make a reduction of one third of viscosity and to enhance alcohol yield of 4 l/Ton of raw material than the T120L was. Of course, alcohol yield depended in part on the applied saccharifying enzymes. The low temperature cooking of naked barley with BAN was favorable compared with high temperature cooking of both of reducing viscosity (210 vs. 237 cp) and final alcohol yield (Yp/so; 0.397 vs. 0.395 g/g) in industrial scale.