발사체 연료 케로신의 질소 함유량 측정 방법 연구

이원구(Wonku Lee),안규복(Kyubok Ahn),김성룡(Seong Lyong Kim) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

豐山 洪氏 洪萬朝家의 溫陽 移居와 定着

지원구(Wonku Ji) 순천향대학교 인문학연구소 2022 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.41 No.4

이 연구는 온양지역에 세거한 풍산 홍씨 홍만조가의 온양 이거와 정착에 관하여 살펴본 논문이다. 홍만조가가 충청도로 이거한 것은 그가 충청도관찰사를 역임한 사실과 사후 그의 묘역을 온양에 조성한 것과 관련이 깊다. 구체적인 입향 시기는 그의 아들인 홍중징 대로 아버지 묘역을 조성한 직후 이루어졌다. 이렇게 온양으로 이거한 풍산 홍씨는 타 성씨가 향촌사회에 세력기반을 확보하는 것과는 다르게 중앙관직으로의 진출을 통하여 가문의 입지와 영향력을 확대한 것으로 보인다. 그것은 향촌사회에서의 활동양상이 전혀 확인되지 않고, 경화사족과 혼맥을 유지하고 있다는 현상에서 유추할 수 있다. 그러나 이후 19세기에 접어들게 되면서 부터는 과거진출이 어렵게 되자 지역으로의 혼맥이 전환되고 지역 사족과의 교류관계가 확대되는 양상이 확인된다. 이처럼 풍산 홍씨 홍만조가의 온양 이거는 조선 후기 경화사족들이 지방으로 분파되는 양상을 확인할 수 있는 좋은 사례이다. This study examines the migration and settlement to the Onyang(溫 陽) region of Hong Man-jo family(洪萬朝家) of Pungsan Hong Clan(豐山 洪氏), who had lived in Onyang area in generations. Hong Man-jo Family’s migration to Chungcheong-do(忠淸道) was deeply related to the fact that he served as the governor of Chungcheong-do(忠淸道觀察 使) and establishment of his grave in Onyang after his death. The specific time of migration to his hometown (入鄕) was his son, Hong Joong-jing(洪重徵)’s days, right after when his father's grave was established. Pungsan Hong Clan, who migrated to Onyang like this, seems to have expanded the family's foothold and influence by entering the central government service, unlike other families securing a power base in the local society; this can be inferred from the phenomenon that there is no trace of their activities in the local society at all. On the other hand, they maintained the marriage relationship(婚脈) with the powerful aristocratic clan living in Seoul(京 華士族). However, when it became difficult to enter the government service through the state examination(科擧) in the 19th century, their target of marriage relationship was shifted to the families in regional areas, and their relationship with the local powerful aristocratic clans was significantly expanded. As such, Hong Man-jo family of Pungsan Hong Clan’s migration to Onyang is a valuable example to verify how powerful aristocratic clans in Seoul splintered and settled in the regional areas during the late Joseon Dynasty period.

발사체 연료 케로신의 질소 함유량 측정 결과 분석

이원구(Wonku Lee),안규복(Kyubok Ahn),김성룡(Seong Lyong Kim) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.12

케로신 내 용존질소 측정 및 제거 방법 연구

이원구(Wonku Lee),안규복(Kyubok Ahn),김성룡(Seong Lyong Kim) 한국추진공학회 2017 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

흡음형 소재를 이용한 자동차 방음재 Package의 최적화

이원구(Wonku Lee),박봉현(Bonghyun Park),윤형준(Hyungjoon Yoon),김진수(Jinsoo Kim),맹주영(Jooyoung Maeng) 한국자동차공학회 2004 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper shows the process of optimization of vehicle interior acoustic package. Instead of the traditional barrier insulation concept, the package using the porous fiber material with high absorption makes it possible to achieve the significant weight reduction of interior parts without the deterioration of sound in-vehicle. Finally, the test results for the production vehicle based on design of experiment confirmed that the proper package specification in view of the weight and performance can be selected among the several combinations of interior parts.

백제(百濟) 서방성(西方城)의 위치(位置)와 성격(性格)

지원구 ( Ji Wonku ) 공주대학교 백제문화연구소 2018 백제문화 Vol.0 No.58

백제 5방성 중 하나인 西方城을 백제부흥운동기의 대표적인 거점이었던 任存城에 비정하였다. 임존성이 백제 西方에 소속되어 있다는 점과 서방 출신인 黑齒常之가 임존성에서 부흥운동을 전개한 것은 임존성이 서방에서 가지는 상징성과 군사적 전략적인 중요성을 반영했다는 시각에서이다. 그리고 임존성을 현재 예산 봉수산성으로 보았다. 그것은 전통적으로 봉수산성이 임존성으로 인식되어왔다는 점, 소정방의 사당이 대흥지역에 건립되었다는 점, 임존성에서 백제기와가 채집되고 ‘任存館' 명문기와가 확인되었다는 점, 축성기법에 다양한 요소가 확인되어 지속적으로 증개축이 이루어졌다는 점, 支?州의 治所가 예산 대흥에 있었다는 점을 종합한 결과이다. 이러한 서방성의 관할범위는 동남쪽으로는 차령산맥을, 서북쪽으로는 황해까지 해당되는 즉, 지금의 충남 서북부 지역을 범위로 하였다. 백제시대 때의 행정구역으로는 마시산군(예산 덕산), 혜군(당진 면천), 결이군(홍성 결성), 기군(서산), 탕정군(아산), 설림군(서천)이 해당된다. 다음으로 백제 멸망기에 한정하여 서방령을 추론해 보았는데, 임존성에서 백제부흥운동을 최초로 주도한 福信일 가능성을 언급하였다. 특히 복신은 鬼室씨로 왕족에서 분지된 인물로서 흑치상지의 예처럼 귀실지역에 분봉받아 성씨가 바뀐 것으로, 귀실지역은 임존성과 지근거리에 있는 신양면 귀곡리 일원에 비정할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 백제부흥운동이 서방성에서 일어나게 된 배경은 백제멸망 시지방군이 그대로 존속하고 있었다는 사실과 서방군의 병종구성에 있어 수군이 병존하고 있었을 가능성을 제시하였다. 또한 임존성에서 부흥운동을 일으킨 인물 대다수가 서방지역과의 연고성을 이유로다양한 재지세력을 활용하였다는 점과 이중 복신과 흑치상지 모두 扶餘氏에서 분지된 종족으로서의 혈연적 유대의식이 동시에 작용하였기 때문이었다. Seobangsung Fortress(西方城) was placed to Imjonsung Fortress(任存城), which was the representative base of the Baekje revival movement period. It is because of some points of view that Imjonsung Fortress belonged to Seobang(西方) of Baekje and that the fact Heukchisangji(黑齒常之) from Seobang developed the revival movement in the Imjonsung Fortress, reflected the symbolism and the military, and strategic importance. In addition, Imjonsung Fortress is now seen as Bongsoosansung Fortress(鳳首山城) in Yesan. The point of view resulted from several points that Bongsoosansung Fortress has been recognized as Imjonsung Fortress, that Sojeogbang’s shrines were built in the Daeheung area, that Baekje tiles were was collected in Imjonsung Fortress, that the Imjonkwan(任存官) written tiles were found in Imjonsung Fortress, that various factors were identified in a Fortress - building method and expansion and reconstruction works were done continuously, and that the Chisho(治所) in Jishimjoo(支?州) was in Daeheung, Yesan. The territorial scope of Seobangsung Fortress reached the Yellow Sea, starting from the Charyeongsanmaek Mountain Range(車嶺山脈), which means that the area of the current northwestern part of Chungnam was the scope of jurisdiction. The administrative districts in the Baekje period are Masisangun(Dusan, Yesan), Hyeonggun(Myeonchun, Dangjin), Gyeoleegun(Gyeolsong, Hongsung), Geegun(Seosan), Tangjeonggun(Asan), and Seollimgun(Seocheon). Next, the author tried to deduce the Seobangryeong(西方領) limited to the Baekje destruction period. The author mentioned that it is Bokshin(福信) who led the Baekje revival movement in Imjonsung Fortress. Especially, Bokshin was a person who was separated from the royal family with the Guishil(鬼室) family name, which was changed by being approved for the separated family name in the Guishil area. The Guishil area is located in the ares of Guigok-ri, Shinyang-myeon, close to Imjonsung Fortress. Finally, the background of the Baekje revival movement in Seobangsung Fortress lies in the fact that the provincial army existed and navy coexisted in the composition of soldiers of the Seobangs army when Baekje was destroyed. In addition, it is also analyzed that the majority of people who led the revival movement in utilized various restriction powers for the reason of the relation with the Seobang area, of which Heukchisangji and Bokshin were a race seperated from the Booyeo family name, which led a bonding consciousness to act simultaneously.

백제 복신의 출자와 정치적 성격

지원구 ( Ji¸ Wonku ) 공주대학교 백제문화연구소 2023 백제문화 Vol.- No.68

이 연구는 복신의 출자와 정치적 성격을 살펴본 글이다. 복신은 기록에 따라 성씨가 다르게 기록되어 있어동일인물 혹은 동명이인으로 이해되고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 백제사회에서 보이는 왕족의 분지화 현상을 통해 볼 때 복신은 부여씨에서 귀실씨로 분지화된 인물로 보는 것이 합리적이다. 이러한 현상은 그의 아들인 귀실집사가 일본으로 망명 후 백제 국명과 관련된 성씨를 하사받는 점에서 분명하다. 이렇게 분봉받은 귀실지역은 복신이 임존성에서 최초로 부흥운동을 전개한 점을 고려해 지금의 예산군 신양면 지역으로 비정된다. 한편 복신은 사신으로 활동 후 지방관으로 파견되면서 중앙 정계에서 비중이 떨어졌으며, 백제 멸망기에는 서방령에 임명되었다. 이로 인하여 서방성 일원인 임존성에서 부흥운동을 전개하게 된 것이다. 이렇게 부흥운동을 전개한 배경에는 복신이 백제 종족이라는 혈연적 요소가 크게 작용하였다. This study examines the origin and political characteristic of Bokshin(福信). Boksin has a different last name according to the record, so he is understood as the same person or different person with the same name. However, in Baekje society, there was a branching phenomenon in the royal family. In view of this phenomenon, it is reasonable to see Bokshin as a person branched from Buyeo to Guisshil(鬼室). This phenomenon is obvious in that his son, Guishiljibsa(鬼室集斯), was given a last name related to the national name of Baekje after he fled to Japan. The Guisshil area as a divided salary, which was received from Baekje, was designated as the current Sinyang-myeon area in Yesan-gun, considering that Bokshin first revival movement was launched in Imjonseong Fortress(任存城). On the other hand, Boksin was dispatched as a local government official after serving as a envoy, and his weight in the central political world decreased. Later, he was appointed to the Seobangryeong(西方領) during the fall of Baekje. As a result, the revival movement was launched in Imjonseong Fortress, a member of Seobangseong Fortress(西方城). In conclusion, the background of the revival movement was largely influenced by the blood-related factor that the restoration was the Baekje clan.

Calculation of a First-In-Man Dose of 7-O-Succinyl Macrolactin A Based on Allometric Scaling of Data from Mice, Rats, and Dogs

( Keumhan Noh ),( Wonku Kang ) 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.6

7-O-Succinyl macrolactin A (SMA) exerts several pharmacological effects including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, and anti-cancer activities. Recently, SMA has been extensively evaluated as an anti-cancer drug. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to characterise the pharmacokinetics of SMA via both non-compartmental and compartmental analysis in mice, rats, and dogs, and to derive an appropriate first-in-man dose based on allometric scaling of the animal data. The time courses of plasma SMA concentrations after intravenous administration to rats and dogs were analysed retrospectively, as were data collected after intraperitoneal SMA injection in mice. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated via both noncompartmental and compartmental analysis, and were correlated with body weight and/or the potential maximum life-span. The clearance and distribution volume of SMA in humans were predicted, and a first-in-man dose proposed. A two-compartment model best described the time courses of SMA plasma concentrations after a saturation elimination process was applied to fit the dataset obtained from rats. Incorporation of the maximum potential life-span during allometric scaling was required to improve the estimation of human clearance. The SMA clearance and the distribution volume in the steady state, in a 70-kg adult male, were estimated to be 30.6 L/h and 19.5 L, respectively. To meet the area under the curve (AUC) required for anti-tumour activity, a dose of 100 mg (~1.5 mg/kg) was finally proposed as the first dose for a 70-kg human. Although toxicological profiles derived from non-clinical studies must be considered before any final decision is made, our work will facilitate clinical studies on SMA.

Feasibility study on a stabilization method based on full spectrum reallocation for spectra having non-identical momentum features

Kilyoung Ko,Wonku Kim,Hyunwoong Choi,Gyuseong Cho Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.7

Methodology for suppressing or recovering the distorted spectra, which may occur due to mutual non-uniformity and nonlinear response when a multi-detector is simultaneously operated for gamma spectroscopy, is presented with respect to its applicability to stabilization of spectra having the non-identical feature using modified full spectrum reallocation method. The modified full-spectrum reallocation method is extended to provide multiple coefficients that describe the gain drift for multi-division of the spectrum and they were incorporated into an optimization process utilizing a random sampling algorithm. Significant performance improvements were observed with the use of multiple coefficients for solving partial peak dislocation. In this study, our achievements to confirm the stabilization of spectrum having differences in moments and modify the full spectrum reallocation method provide the feasibility of the method and ways to minimize the implication of the non-linear responses normally associated with inherent characteristics of the detector system. We believe that this study will not only simplify the calibration process by using an identical response curve but will also contribute to simplifying data pre-processing for various studies as all spectra can be stabilized with identical channel widths and numbers.

Original Article : Pharmacokinetics of Uridine Following Ocular, Oral and Intravenous Administration in Rabbits

( Eunyoung Kim ),( Wonku Kang ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

The pyrimidine nucleoside uridine has recently been reported to have a protective effect on cultured human corneal epithelial cells, in an animal model of dry eye and in patients. In this study, we investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of uridine in rabbits, following topical ocular (8 mg/eye), oral (450 mg/kg) and intravenous (100 mg/kg) administration. Blood and urine samples were serially taken, and uridine was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. No symptoms were noted in the animals after uridine treatment. Uridine was not detected in either plasma or urine after topical ocular administration, indicating no systemic exposure to uridine with this treatment route. Following a single intravenous dose, the plasma concentration of uridine showed a bi-exponential decay, with a rapid decline over 10 min, followed by a slow decay with a terminal half-life of 0.36 ± 0.05 h. Clearance and volume of distribution were 1.8 ± 0.6 L/h/kg and 0.58 ± 0.32 L/kg, respectively. The area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) was 59.7 ± 18.2 μg·hr/ml, and urinary excretion up to 12 hr was ~7.7% of the dose. Plasma uridine reached a peak of 25.8 ± 4.1 μg/ml at 2.3 ± 0.8 hr after oral administration. The AUC was 79.0 ± 13.9 μg·hr/ml, representing ~29.4% of absolute bioavailability. About 1% of the oral dose was excreted in the urine. These results should prove useful in the design of future clinical and nonclinical studies conducted with uridine.