만성폐쇄성 폐질환 환자에서 적혈구 항산화효소의 변화

국기용,이만재,조희충,임영국,박일,김원식,이승일,이병래 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Toxic oxygen free radicals have been implicated as important pathologic mediators in many clinical disordesrs. Enhandng the intracellular content of antioxidant enzymes can provide means of limiting biological damage caused by oxygen free radicals. Many investigations have examined the potential of various oxyradical scavengers to modulate oxyradical injury. The oxygen free radicals play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To investigate the pulmonary oxyradical injury and the protective role of antioxidant enzymes, author measured the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactants, the activiteies of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) and the sulfhydryl groups in serum and red blood cells from the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups and the normal controls. The thiobarbituric acid reactant in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups was increased than the controls in both serum and red blood cells, and the superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells was no statistically difference in both groups. But, the glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were lowered in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups than the controls. The sulfhydryl groups in serum and red blood cells were no statistically difference in both groups. These results suggest that the increased thiobarbituric acid reactant in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups mean oxygen radical toxicity, and the decreased glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities may play a role in cellular injury.

中學生의 地球科學 誤槪念 類型에 關한 硏究

李元國,金和泰 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1992 과학교육연구 Vol.23 No.1

Earth science is a substantial part of elementary and secondary school science curricula. Considering the importance of earth science, most of the misconceptions on earth science should be modified by the properly scientific inquiry of the students and basic science experiments. To analyze the type of middle student`s misconceptions on earth science concepts and to survey thrir sources, the test questionaires were used. As the results 1) The misconceptions seemed not to be changed even after formal earth science learning. 2) The student`s misconceptions are characterized by great veriety. 3) Their sources are the poor development of cognitive structure, the influences of environments and the error of information processing.

에스트로젠과 프로게스테론이 골모세포의 증식과 활성에 미치는 영향

하국봉,손우성,김세원 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.2

치아이동에 대한 생력학적 반응은 골 형성과 재형성의 조합이라 할 수 있다. 골 형성과 흡수에는 국소적으로 작용하는 여러 부분비 인자가 관여한다. 대표적인 여성호르몬인 에스트로젠파 프로게스테론도 그 중의 한 인자로 성인 여성은 생리, 임신, 폐경 등 상태에 따라 체내 성호르몬 농도가 달라진다. 따라서 이러한 농도의 변화에 따라 골조직이 영향을 받을 수 있을 것으로 추정된다. 골모세포는 골흡수를 일으키는 호르몬인 PTH, Vit D3 등에 일차적으로 반응함으로 써 골형성 뿐만 아니라 골흡수에도 일정한 역할을 하고 있어 파골 세포에 영향을 주는 부분비 인자도 추측해 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 ROS17/2.8및 HOS세포주를 배양하면서 에스트로젠 및 프로게스테론 등 여성 호르몬을 처리한 후 골모세포의 증식과 활성에 미치는 영향을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.에스트로젠은 HOS 세포의 증식을 억제하였으며 ROS17/2.8 세포의 증식은 촉진하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 2.에스트로젠은 HOS 세포의 alkaline phosphatase 활성을 증가시켰고 ROS 세포에서는 효소활성을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 3.프로게스테론은 HOS 및 ROS17/2.8세포 모두의 증식을 억제하였으며 골모세포의 alkaline Phosphatase활성에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 4.에스트로젠과 프로게스테론은 골모세포내에서 생성되는 superoxide, nitric oxide 및 gelatinase 활성 등 골모세포의 기능에는 유의한 변화를 일으키지 않았다. Biomechanical reactions of tooth movement are the combination of bone formation and resorption, in which many paracrine factors are involved. The sex hormone is one of the paracrine factors and the sex hormonal level of an adult female varies according to the body condition, e.g. mensturation, pregnancy, Postmenopause, etc. Although the exact mechanism is not clarified yet, estrogen and progesterone are known to regulate the function of osteoblast. Again osteoblast is reported to affect the function of osteoclast. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the female sex hormone, estrogen and proresterone, on the cell proliferation and activity of HOS and ROS17/2.8 cell line. The observed results were as follows. 1.Estrogen inhibited HOS cell proliferation and promoted ROS17/2.8 cell proliferation. 2.Estrogen increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase of HOS cell and reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase of ROS17/2.8 cell. 3.Progesterone inhibited the proliferation of HOS and ROS17/2.8 cell, but had no influence on the activity of alkaline phosphatase. 4.Estrogen and progeterone did not have any particular effects on the activity of super oxide, nitric oxide and gelatinase of HOS and ROS17/2.8 cell.

응급센터에서 기관내 삽관을 시행하지 않은 호흡곤란 환자의 동맥혈 이산화탄소분압과 호기말 이산화탄소분압의 연관성분석

김형국,박승현,오동렬,박규남,이원재,황두영,최승필,이운정,정시경,김세경 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Background: The end-tidal carbon dioxide tension(ETCO₂) is defined as a partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of an exhaled breath. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between ETCO₂and arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaO₂) in nonintubated patients with respiratory distress in emergency department(ED). Methods: A prospective non-blind study was performed in ED of our university hospitals. Participants included all nonintubated adult patients with respiratory distress requiring arterial blood gas analysis. ETCO₂was measured with a capnography monitor during tidal volume breathing. ETCO₂were recoreded at the time of arterial blood gas sampling. The correlation between ETCO₂and PaCO₂was analyzed in all patients and in subgroups by simple linear regression. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled. In all patients, ETCO₂was 5.72mmHg lower than PaCO₂and correlated well with PaCO₂(r²=0.716). ETCO₂correlated best with PaCO₂in patients who were either acidotic or non-smoking. Conclusion: ETCO₂correlate well with PaCO₂in nonintubated patients with respiratory distress in ED. ETCO₂may be sufficient to reflect PaCO₂in selected patients and obviate the need for repeat arterial blood gas determination.

지구의 기초

이원국 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2003 과학교육연구 Vol.34 No.-

지구의 모양을 유지시켜주는 지구의 기초는 지구내부 구조에 있다. 지구내부는 구성물질의 확학조성의 차이로부터 지각, 맨틀, 핵의 큰 기본 영역으로 구분된다. 지구의 점탄성 구조는 주로 고온, 고압 하에서의 지질상태의 차이를 포함하고 있다. 지구의 범탄성 구조는 암석권, 그 상부에 저속도층을 포함하는 연약권, 전이대, 하부맨틀, 외핵 및 내핵으로 되어 있다. 동일한 화학조성의 물질이라도 고온, 고압상태가 다르면 아주 다른 물리적 성질을 보인다. 온도, 압력 상태의 차이에 의한 구성물질의 이러한 상변화의 결과로 맨틀 최상부에 저점성층이 존재하고, 외핵은 유체상태이고 내핵은 고체상태를 유지한다. 하부맨틀에서 점성률의 수직적인 큰 변화율이 나타난다. 지하 1,900km에서 2,900km까지의 하부 맨틀부분은 높은 점성률과 강한 크립현상을 보여주며, 거의 탄성체에 가깝다. 따라서 이 하부맨틀 부분이 지구의 기초에 해당하는 것으로 여겨진다. 지표의 수백㎢ 이상의 대부분의 지역에서는 지각균형이 이루어지면서 지구의 지형을 유지시켜 주고, 그 이하의 좁은 지역에서는 지각물질의 탄성에 의하여 지구의 지형이 지탱된다. The foundation of the earth is in the earth's internal structure. The earth's inner structure is classified to the crust, mantle and core by its chemical compositions. The earth's elastic viscosity structure is classified to the lithosphere, asthenosphere (added low velocity zone on its top). Transition zone, lower mantle, outer core and inner core by the different physical properties according to high temperature and high pressure in the inner earth. A lower viscosity layer is on the top of upper mantle. composition with a different pressure and temperature. The large values of the radial variation in viscosity in the lower mantle are notable features. The lower mantle of a depth from 1,900km to 2,900km has so a high viscosity and strong creep that it is almost perfect elastic material. And the lower mantle seems to be a foundation of the earth. On the extensive area over some hundreds ㎢, the earth's geography is supported by the isostasy. But on a smaller area, a geography of the earth is supported by the elastic property of the earth' crust.

堆積地層에서의 彈性波 探査와 解析

李元國 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1980 과학교육연구 Vol.12 No.1

By the time-distance curve for the case, of two media with respective velocities of Vo and V₁, separated by a horizontal discontinuity at depth Zo, the depth Zo to the interface can be calculated from the intercept time or from the crossover distance; ?? (1) or ?? (2) In the three media case, the depth Z to the lower interface is the sum of Z₁ and Zo. In this case, the depth Z₁ can be calculated by the following equation; ?? (3) Thus, in the point S-1, the calculated depth and the velocity of the first layer is about 2.56m and 350m/sec. The depth and the velocity of the second layer is about 3.74m and 1150m/sec. The velocity of the third layer is about 1800m/sec. The first layer is consist of alluvium, the second and the third layers are consist of andesite. In the point S-2, the calculated depth and the velocity of the first layer is about 2.6m and 400m/sec. The depth and the velocity of the second layer is about 3.67m and 1175m/sec. The velocity of the third layer is about 2475m/sec. The first layer is consist of alluvium, the second and the third layers are consist of andesite.

무기 알루미늄 염으로부터 침전법으로 제조한 알루미나 분체의 소결특성에 미치는 음이온의 영향

배원태,박민준,이국림 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1994 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In order to investigate the effects of inorganic anions(??, ??, ??) on the dispersion of aluminum hydrate precipitates in the solution, transition of precipitates, and the sinterability of alumina powders, three kinds of aluminum salts[Al₂(SO₄)₃.14H₂O, AI(NO₃)₃.14H₂O, AICI₃. 6H₂O]were used as starting materials. The dispersion power of the divalent anion was lower than monovalent anions. But the particle size of alumina powder obtained from the calcined precipitate containing divalent anion appeared smaller tnan that of the precipitates containing monovalent anions due to the difference of the transition path and the staring temperature of the consolidation of the transition aluminas. The fired densities of the specimens sintered at 1550℃ for 3hours showed 3.94g/㎤, 3.90g/㎤, and 3.88g/㎤ for Al₂(SO₄)₃.14H₂O, AI(NO₃)₃.14H₂O, and AICI₃. 6H₂O, respectively.

공주지역의 탄성파 및 전기 비저항탐사

이원국 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1997 과학교육연구 Vol.28 No.1

공주지역에서 탄성파 탐사를 실시하였고, 탄성파 탐사자료를 이용하여 주시곡선을 그리고 해석하였다. A측선에서 제1층의 탄성파 속도는 210 m/sec이고, 그 두께는 4.49 m이며, 제2층의 속도는 1974m/sec이다. B측선에서 제1층의 속도는 1838m/sec이고, 제2층의 속도는 1689 m/sec이다. 전기 비저항탐사에서는 웨너 전극배열법을 이용하여 각 전극 간격을 변화시키면서 측정하였다. 슐럼버져 전극배열법을 이용하여 수직단면에 따른 비저항의 변화를 측정하고 불연속면의 깊이를 추정하였다. 연구지역의 26개 지역에서 측정한 전기 비저항자료 중에서 남산지역의 것은 다음과 같이 해석된다; C지역-측점 4-27까지는 1000-2900ohm-m의 비교적 낮은 값을, 측점 -25-3까지는 2000-6000 ohm-m의 높은 값을 나타낸다. D지역-측점 1-27까지는 1000-2700 ohm-m의 비교적 낮은 값을, 측점 25-42까지는 3000-6000 ohm-m의 높은 값을 나타낸다. 일정한 범위내에서 높은 비저항 값을 보이는 경향은 지하에 매장되어 있는 유적이나 공동에 의한 것으로 해석된다. 금강 곰나루백사장의 비저항자료를 해석하면 다음과 같다; 제 1층의 비저항치는 5000 ohm-m이고, 그 두께는 1.25 m로서 건조한 사층이다. 제 2층의 비저항치는 260 ohm-m이고, 그 두께는 29 m로서 대수층으로 해석된다. 제 3층의 비저항치는 2000 ohm-m로서 안산암류로 보인다. 본지역의 암석은 편마암, 운모 편암, 화강암류, 퇴적암류, 안산암류와 충적층이다. 백악기의 퇴적암층은 각력암, 역암, 사암과 이암이다. 충적층은 비교적 두껍게 발달되어 있다. 금강분지의 충적층에는 풍부한 지하수층이 포함되어 있다. Seismic wave data measured in Kongju area was analyzed. A single channel signal enhancement seismograph and 12-channel engineering seismograph were used to acquire seismic wave data. A shock seismic wave is generated with sledge hammer, and the time required for the wave to travel different distance is measured. At the traverse A, the calculated seismic velocity and depth of the first layer are 210 m/sec and 4.49m. Seismic velocity of the second layer is 1974m/sec. At the traverse B, seismic velocity of the first layer is 1838m/sec and velocity of the second is 1638m/sec. Resistivity data of 26 points in the study area were acquired using ABEM ac terrameter and strata scout. Wener electrode configurations of different spacings is used to determine the variations of apparent resistivity in a horizontal direction. Schlumberger array is used to determine the vertical change in the resistivity of the subsurface layers and the depth to the discontinuity horizons. In the resistivity profiling of the C and D area, a high resistivity anomaly zones(2000-6000ohm-m) were detected on a certain traverce and they are interpreted to be caused by underground cavity or antient tomb site. The resistivity data in the Komnaru area is interpreted as follow; The upper unit is mainly composed of dry sand(5000ohm-m,1.25 m),the second unit is wet sandy layer(260ohm-m,29m) and the third unit is bed rock(2000ohm-m). The rocks exposed in the Kongju basin are gneiss, mica schist, granite, sedimentary rock member, andesitic rock and alluvium. A Cretaceous sedimentary rock layers consist of breccia, gravelstone, sandstone and mudstone. The alluvium layer is comparatively thick. Ground water resources are developed plentifully in the alluvial planes of Kum river basin.

성인형 당뇨병 환자에서 피부생검을 이용한 표피하 모세혈관 기저막 두께의 변화에 관한 연구

김원학,오금탁,김만우,장경식,채종구,조건국 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1

Thickening and proliferation of capillary basement membrane is a generalized phenomenon in diabetes mellitus and has been described in many organs including heart, kidney, pancreas, retina etc. While such changes are specific, it is difficult to obtain specimens from those organs. We took the specimens from the medial surface of the thing of 33 diabetics and 4 healthy persons as controls by means of punch biopsy. The measurement carried out by normogram and electron microscopic technique. HbA_(1c) values were also measured simultaneously. 1. The HbA_(1c) values are higher in diabetics than in control group (p<0.01). 2. The subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness of the diabetics : 30% of the 5 th decade population, 53.9% of the 6 rh decade population and 83.3% of the 7th decade population showed more rhan 3,000 A. Whereas all the controls showed below 3,000 A. 3. The subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness did nor increase significantly with the duration of the disease. 4. In cases of high subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness, HbA_(1c) showed significant increase. (p<0.01).

美國루이지아나주의 敎育實態와 韓國敎育의 改善方案

이원국 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1988 과학교육연구 Vol.20 No.1

Any student who will apply for admission to the Louisiana State University may be taken a possitive decision in such a case if there is sufficiently favorable evidence with respect to the quality of academic preparation and ability to succeed in a deqree program. The student's high school grades, ACT(American College Test) or SAT(Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores, and special talents will be consid-ered. The person's whole background of education, training experience, rank in class, apparent ability, recommendations from principals or counselors, and motivation will be taken into consideration. (¹¹) For the normal and effective education of the Korean each school the student's high school grades, KCT(Korean College Test) scores, special talents, Whole background of education, motivation, and recommendations from principals should be considered in such a case of admission of the university Also the methods of every evaluation and the teaching methods should be improved so that the student's creative thinking, problem-solving, and information processing ability are encouraged. For the effective performance of experiments and practices through inquires, the student's ability, motivation, experience, question, and intellectual development should be required. Teacher's research activitties should be encouraged by the sufficient experiment equipments laboratories, appropriate number of students per one class and of class hour day, and the research training through research institutes.