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Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis in Otolaryngologist Practice: A Review of Current Knowledge
Joanna Wojciechowska,Wojciech Krajewski,Piotr Krajewski,Tomasz Kręcicki 대한이비인후과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.9 No.1
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an idiopathic vasculitis of medium and small arteries, characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. GPA typically affects upper and lower respiratory tract with coexisting glomerulonephritis. This disease is generally characterized by antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), nevertheless, there are rare cases with negative ANCA. GPA affects people at any age, with predominance of the sixth and seventh decade of life. In 80%–95% of the patients the first symptoms of GPA are otorhinolaryngological manifestations of head and neck including nose/sinuses, ears, eyes, larynx/trachea, oral cavity, and salivary glands. Diagnosis of GPA is based on Criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. In clinical practice diagnosis, the presence of distinctive ANCA antibodies and biopsy of affected organ are crucial. GPA must be differentiated from neoplastic, infectious or inflammatory ulcerative lesions of the head and neck. The standard treatment procedure is divided into two essential phases, induction and maintenance. The induction phase is based on combination of systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy, whereas the maintenance phase comprises corticosteroids and azathioprine/methotrexate supplementation. Surgical treatment ought to be considered for patients who are not responding to pharmacotherapy.
Olga Długosz-Grochowska,Renata Wojciechowska,Michał Kruczek,Anna Habela 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.5
In recent years, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been introduced as a new source of supplementallighting in winter greenhouse crop production to improve yield and quality. The aim of this study was to determinethe effect of light supplementation with LEDs on the yield and the concentration of several health-promotingcompounds in two cultivars of lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta, L.), ‘Noordhollandse’ and ‘Holländisher’ in agreenhouse cultivation in winter. Four different LED spectra used to extend the photoperiod (16 h day/8 h night)were tested: 10R:0B (100% red), 9R:1B (90% red, 10% blue), 8R:2B (80% red, 20% blue), and 7R:3B (70% red,30% blue). The control plants were illuminated by high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. The photosynthetic photonflux density at the plant canopy level was approximately 200 μmol·m-2·s-1in all treatments. The plants were harvestedon the 45thday of light treatment (60 days after sowing). In both cultivars, the 10R:0B LED light treatment resultedin the highest yield, but low concentrations of ascorbic acid, xantophylls, and phenolic compounds. Supplemental lightingwith HPS lamps resulted in high concentrations of nitrate and carotenoids, but low fresh mass, ascorbic acid, andtotal phenols content. The addition of blue light in the spectrum increased antioxidant properties; however, certain effectswere cultivar-dependent. High yields with the most satisfactory composition of soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, carotenoids,and polyphenols, as well as high antioxidant properties and reduced nitrate levels, in the leaves of the tested cultivarswere obtained with 8R:2B LED lighting. Thus, supplemental lighting with 80% red and 20% blue light may be advantageousin greenhouse-cultivated V. locusta ‘Noordhollandse’ and ‘Holländisher’ cultivars.