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Wilke, A.,Yang, J.‐,M.,Kim, J. W.,Seifarth, O.,Dietrich, B.,Giussani, A.,Zaumseil, P.,Storck, P.,Schroeder, T. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2011 Surface and interface analysis Vol.43 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Complex oxide heterostructures on Si gain in the field of engineered Si wafers increasing interest as flexible buffer systems for developing virtual Si substrates. Strain engineering of thin epitaxial Si thin films on insulating oxide buffers is of special interest to boost charge carrier mobility for Silicon‐on‐Insulator (SOI) technologies. The single crystalline Si(111)/Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (111)/Pr<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (111)/Si(111) heterostructure offers, in principle, the opportunity to grow strain‐engineered epitaxial Si(111) layers, realizing compressed, fully relaxed, as well as tensile‐strained Si films. This flexibility is based on a thickness‐dependence of the Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> lattice constant in the oxide bi‐layer buffer: In theory, the Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> buffer lattice constant on Pr<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Si(111) can change from pseudomorphism (bigger than Si) over the Si lattice constant towards a fully relaxed status (smaller than Si). By a detailed interface analysis, using TEM‐EELS in combination with an in‐situ RHEED–XPS study of the isomorphic Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> growth on Pr<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Si(111), the physical origin of this Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> buffer lattice constant variation is identified. It is possible to discriminate between the contributions from chemical mixing effects between the isomorphic oxides Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and Pr<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> on the one hand and true misfit strain relaxation mechanisms in stoichiometric Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> on the other hand. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
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Wilke, Annika,Brans, Richard,Nordheider, Kathrin,Braumann, Antje,Hubner, Anja,Sonsmann, Flora K.,John, Swen M.,Wulfhorst, Britta Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.4
Background: Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) are frequent in professions with exposure to skin hazards. Thus, a health educational intervention for apprentices of high-risk professions was conducted. It was the aim of this study to gain insight into possible effects of this intervention. Methods: A one-time skin protection seminar was conducted in 140 apprentices of health-related and non-health-related professions [trained cohort (TC)]. In addition, 134 apprentices of the same occupations were monitored [untrained cohort (UTC)]. The OSD-specific knowledge and the skin condition of the hands were assessed at baseline (T0), after the seminar (T1), and after 6 (T2) and 12 months (T3). Results: The OSD-specific knowledge increased in all cohorts from T0 to T3, but we found a significantly higher knowledge in the TC at T2 (p < 0.001, t = 3.6, df = 196, 95% confidence interval = 0.9, 3.3) and T3 (p < 0.001, t = 3.8, df = 196, 95% confidence interval = 1.0, 3.2) compared to the UTC. Our results indicated a better skin condition of the hands in the TC of the health-related professions but not in the non-health-related professions. Conclusion: The study indicates that an educational intervention may positively influence the disease-specific knowledge and the prevalence of OSD in apprentices. However, definite conclusions cannot be drawn because of the heterogeneous study cohorts and the study design. Future research should aim at tailoring primary prevention to specific target groups, e.g., in view of the duration and frequency of skin protection education, different professions, and gender-specific prevention approaches.
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Annika Wilke,Richard Brans,Kathrin Nordheider,Antje Braumann,Anja Hübner,Flora K. Sonsmann,Swen M. John,Britta Wulfhorst 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.4
Background: Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) are frequent in professions with exposure to skin hazards. Thus, a health educational intervention for apprentices of high-risk professions was conducted. It was the aim of this study to gain insight into possible effects of this intervention. Methods: A one-time skin protection seminar was conducted in 140 apprentices of health-related and non-healtherelated professions [trained cohort (TC)]. In addition, 134 apprentices of the same occupations were monitored [untrained cohort (UTC)]. The OSD-specific knowledge and the skin condition of the hands were assessed at baseline (T0), after the seminar (T1), and after 6 (T2) and 12 months (T3). Results: The OSD-specific knowledge increased in all cohorts from T0 to T3, but we found a significantly higher knowledge in the TC at T2 (p < 0.001, t = 3.6, df = 196, 95% confidence interval ¼ 0.9, 3.3) and T3 (p < 0.001, t = 3.8, df = 196, 95% confidence interval = 1.0, 3.2) compared to the UTC. Our results indicated a better skin condition of the hands in the TC of the health-related professions but not in the non-healtherelated professions. Conclusion: The study indicates that an educational intervention may positively influence the diseasespecific knowledge and the prevalence of OSD in apprentices. However, definite conclusions cannot be drawn because of the heterogeneous study cohorts and the study design. Future research should aim at tailoring primary prevention to specific target groups, e.g., in view of the duration and frequency of skin protection education, different professions, and gender-specific prevention approaches.
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Manfred Wilke 동아대학교 동아시아연구원 2011 동아시아 : 비교와 전망 Vol.10 No.1
The paper deals with development and evolutionary change of the political image of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) since its foundation after Second World War. The historical process of division of Germany into states have been determined through the Korea War and the Cold War till 1990. Main political and ideological concerns German Democratic Republic had to struggle with were problems of legitimacy, independent sovereignty and lastly the definite division of the nation consisting two independent states. Looking into this process superficially there may be some contrasts between Korea and Germany, however, in terms of substantial contexts a great deal of differences can be noticed.
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( Mozejko Justyna ),( Andreas Wilke ),( Grzegorz Przyby Ek ),( Slawomir Ciesielski ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3
The present study describes medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) production by the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain isolated from mixed microbial communities utilized for PHAs synthesis. A two-step fedbatch fermentation was conducted with glucose and waste rapeseed oil as the main carbon source for obtaining cell growth and mcl-PHAs accumulation, respectively. The results show that the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain is capable of growing and accumulating mcl-PHAs using a waste oily carbon source. The biomass value reached 3.0 g/l of CDW with 20% of PHAs content within 48 h of cultivation. The polymer was purified from lyophilized cells and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The results revealed that the monomeric composition of the obtained polyesters depended on the available substrate. When glucose was used in the growth phase, 3-hydroxyundecanoate and 3- hydroxydodecanoate were found in the polymer composition, whereas in the PHAs-accumulating stage, the Pseudomonas Gl01 strain synthesized mcl-PHAs consisting mainly of 3- hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate. The transcriptional analysis using reverse-transcription real-time PCR reaction revealed that the phaC1 gene could be transcribed simultaneously to the phaZ gene.
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CIRCULATION OF THE ELITE IN THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY
David Meyer,Megha Ram,Laura Wilke 동아시아연구원 2016 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.1
The history of leadership change in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) exemplifies Pareto's notion of circulation of the elite. To analyze it we have compiled a partially ranked dataset of members and alternates of the Politburo Standing Committee, Politburo, and Central Committee for the 1st through 18th National Party Congresses. Quantitative studies of leadership change in the CCP have typically focused on the fraction of new members in each political body from one Party Congress to the next, but the existence of partially ranked data calls for a more subtle quantification of leadership change. Thus, we define a new family of metrics which consider change within each political body, the magnitude of such change, and the importance of each change to CCP structure and policy. We use two of these metrics to compute the distances between each pair of successive, partially-ranked leadership lists in our dataset. Our results capture important political developments from the irregular leadership change of the early years to the subsequent transformation of the CCP into a more institutionalized polity. This metric-based analysis also supplements our understanding of anomalous leadership transitions, intra-Party dynamics, and systemic change in the CCP.
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Software-Defined Networking and Virtualization: The Service Provider Perspective
Attila Takacs,Elisa Bellagamba,Joe Wilke,DK Lee 에스케이텔레콤 (주) 2013 Telecommunications Review Vol.23 No.5
An architecture based on software-defined networking (SDN) and virtualization techniques gives operators greater freedom to balance operational and business parameters, such as network resilience, service performance and QoE against the costs. In this work we review our Carrier Cloud as a future mobile network infrastructure that exploits both SDN and virtualization technologies in order to increase the operator agility, reduce the cost, and even disrupt the vendor landscape. We begin with Ericsson’s approach to SDN goes beyond the data center addressing issues in the service provider environment, and move on to network functions virtualization (NFV) as a promising alternative to the legacy network infrastructure. We also reveal there are remaining hurdles of those key technologies to overcome in order to be fully adopted in the Telco world.
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Bone-Preserving Decompression Procedures Have a Minor Effect on the Flexibility of the Lumbar Spine
Costa, Francesco,Ottardi, Claudia,Volkheimer, David,Ortolina, Alessandro,Bassani, Tito,Wilke, Hans-Joachim,Galbusera, Fabio The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.6
Objective : To mitigate the risk of iatrogenic instability, new posterior decompression techniques able to preserve musculoskeletal structures have been introduced but never extensively investigated from a biomechanical point of view. This study was aimed to investigate the impact on spinal flexibility caused by a unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression, in comparison to the intact condition and a laminectomy with preservation of a bony bridge at the vertebral arch. Secondary aims were to investigate the biomechanical effects of two-level decompression and the quantification of the restoration of stability after posterior fixation. Methods : A universal spine tester was used to measure the flexibility of six L2-L5 human spine specimens in intact conditions and after decompression and fixation surgeries. An incremental damage protocol was applied : 1) unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression at L3-L4; 2) on three specimens, the unilateral laminotomy was extended to L4-L5; 3) laminectomy with preservation of a bony bridge at the vertebral arch (at L3-L4 in the first three specimens and at L4-L5 in the rest); and 4) pedicle screw fixation at the involved levels. Results : Unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression had a minor influence on the lumbar flexibility. In flexion-extension, the median range of motion increased by 8%. The bone-preserving laminectomy did not cause major changes in spinal flexibility. Two-level decompression approximately induced a twofold destabilization compared to the single-level treatment, with greater effect on the lower level. Posterior fixation reduced the flexibility to values lower than in the intact conditions in all cases. Conclusion : In vitro testing of human lumbar specimens revealed that unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression and bone-preserving laminectomy induced a minor destabilization at the operated level. In absence of other pathological factors (e.g., clinical instability, spondylolisthesis), both techniques appear to be safe from a biomechanical point of view.
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