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졸-겔법으로 제조한 ZrO_2·SiO_2계 결정화 유리의 결정화 및 파괴인성에 관한 연구
신대용,한상목,강위수 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.A
Precursor gels with the composition of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems (x=10,20 and 30mol%) were prepared by the sol-gel method. Kinetic parameter, such as activation energy, Avrami's exponent, n, and dimensionality crystal growth value, m, have been simultaneously calculated from the DTA data using Kissinger and Matusita equations. The crystallite size dependence on tetragonal to monoclinic transformation of ZrO_2 was investigated using XRD, in relation to the fracture toughness. The crystallization of tetragonal ZrO_2 occurred through 3-dimensional diffusion controlled growth(n=m=2) and the activation energy for crystallization was calculated using Kissinger and Matusita equations, as about 310∼325±10kJ/mol. The growth of t-ZrO_2, in proportion to the cube of radius, increased with increasing heating temperature and heat-treatment time. It was suggested that the diffusion of Zr4+ions by Ostwald ripening was rate-limiting process for the growth of t-ZrO_2 crystallite size. The fracture toughness of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems glass ceramics increased with increasing crystallite size of t-ZrO_2. The fracture toughness of 30ZrO_2·70SiO_2 system glass ceramics heated at 1,100℃ for 5h was 4.84 MPam^1/2 at a critical crystaliite size of 40 nm.
Protective Effect of S-Allyl Cysteine on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Injury in Rats
( Soo Nyun Choi ),( Il Hwa Hong ),( Sung Hye Bang ),( Wie Jong Kwak ),( Jin Kyu Park ),( Dong Wei Yuan ),( Ok Kyung Hwang ),( Jung Youn Han ),( Kyung Sook Hong ),( Ae Ri Ji ),( Mi Ran Ki ),( Kyu Shik 한국수의병리학회 2008 학술대회 Vol.12 No.2
2001년부터 2006년까지 지역사회 획득 급성 신우신장염 여성환자의 임상상 및 원인균의 내성 양상
위성헌,장우임,김형욱,김영식,김수영,허지안,김상일,김양리,강문원 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1
목적 : 급성 신우신장염은 지역사회에서 발생하는 가장 흔한 감염질환 중의 하나이며 균혈증이나 신장농양과 동반될 수 있다. 원인균은 대부분 E. coli이고 여러 항균제에 대한 내성이 효율적인 항균제의 선택에서 중요하며 최근 항균제 내성 양상의 변화는 효율적인 항균제의 선택을 위해 확인해야할 매우 중요한 요소이다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 1월부터 2006년 12월까지 가톨릭대학교 수원 성빈센트병원에 급성 신우신장염으로 입원한 16세 이상의 여성 중에서 요 배양에서 요로 감염균이 10^(5)CFU/mL 이상의 집락을 형성한 577명을 대상으로 임상적 특성 및 치료 결과를 조사하였고 검출된 원인균의 각 항균제에 대한 감수성 양상을 확인하고 연도별 변화를 분석하였다. 결과 : 환자들의 평균 연령은 51세였고 신우신장염 환자군 382명, 균혈 증 환자군 161명, 신장농양 환자군 34명으로 구분되었다. 균혈 증 환자군이 신우신장염 환자군에 비해 연령, 초기 체온 및 혈액 C-반응 단백 수치가 더 높았다. 항균제 투여 후 체온이 정상화되는데 걸린 시간은 균혈증 환자군과 신장농양 환자군이 각각 76.4시간과 91.2시간으로 신우신장염 환자군의 44.6시간 보다 길었다. 분리된 554개의 E. coli 균주는 ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, amikacin에 대해 각각 38.3%, 81.3%, 86.3%, 97.3%, 98.7%의 감수성을 보였으며 2001년부터 2006년까지의 연도별 ciprofloxacin에 대한 감수성이 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 결론 : 급성 신우신장염으로 입원한 환자군에서 광범위 β-lactam 항균제나 fluoroquinolone의 사용을 최소화하면서 aminoglycoside 단독요법이나 정주용 2세대 cephalosporin을 초기 경험적 항균제로 사용하고 감수성 결과에 따라 적절한 경구용 전환 항균제를 사용할 수 있었다. 신우신장염, 균혈증 및 신장농양 환자군의 임상적 차이점을 분석하고 원인균의 감수성 결과를 기초로 적절한 항균제를 선택해야하며 분리된 E. coli에서 ciprofloxacin 내성율이 증가하고 있어 지역사회 전체에서 fluoroquinolone계열의 항균제를 더욱 아껴서 사용하는 노력이 요구되고 있다. Background : Acute pyelonephritis in women is one of the most common infections within the community; some patients also suffer from related bacteremia and renal abscess. The predominant pathogen in acute pyelonephritis is Escherichia coli and the changes in antimicrobial resistance over time is a very important factor in the choice of effective and economic antibiotics. Materials and Methods:We investigated clinical features and antibiotic sensitivities of 577 organisms isolated from the urine cultures of 577 patients, admitted to Catholic University St Vincent's Hospital for community-acquired acute pyelonephritis from January 2001 to December 2006. We analyzed the patterns of antimicrobial resistance of urinary isolates and the clinical courses of the patients. Results : Patients demographics revealed a mean age of 51, (age:16 to 91), with bacteremic patients representing 30.8% of patients and renal abscess patients representing 5.9% of the group. Sixteen (4.2%) of 382 in the pyelonephritis group and five (3.1%) of 161 in the bacteremia group revealed clinical manifestations of therapeutic failure such as persistent fever and pyuria. The mean time to defervescence was 44.6 h for the pyelonephritis group, 76.4 h for the bacteremia group and 91.2 h for the renal abscess group. Among the 577 isolates, 554 isolates were E. coli, 10 were K. pneumoniae, three were S. saprophyticus, three were Proteus mirabilis. two were K. oxytoca, and two were Enterobacter aerogenes. Among 554 E. coli, the rates of susceptibility to ampicillin was 38.3%; to sulfamethoxazole 62.1%; to gentamicin 81.3%; to ciprofloxacin 86.3%; to cefuroxime 97.3%; to amikacin 98.7%; to cefotaxime 99.5%. Conclusion : In hospitalized patients, initial intravenous treatment with an aminoglycoside or a second -generation cephalosporin, and then switch to oral first, second-cephalosporin, amoxicillin and sulfamethoxazole is recommended. In vitro resistance to fluoroquinolones appears to be increasing, and therefore close monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns in isolates of urinary tract infections and the use of fluoroquinolone-sparing agents are required.
암 환자의 임상영양치료를 위한 임상영양사의 직무분석과 직무표준 개발
최수경 ( Soo Kyong Choi ),위경애 ( Gyung Ah Wie ),이송미 ( Song Mi Lee ),김은미 ( Eun Mi Kim ),박미선 ( Mi Sun Park ),손정민 ( Cheong Min Sohn ),우미혜 ( Mi Hye Woo ),주달래 ( Dal Lae Ju ),차진아 ( Jin A Cha ),서정숙 ( Jung Sook S 대한영양사협회 2015 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.21 No.2
The present study was conducted to provide the basis for improvement of clinical nutrition services through development of job standards of clinical dietitian for the clinical nutrition therapy to cancer patients in hospitals. Developing A Curriculum (DACUM) method was used for job analysis and development of job standards for clinical dietitians for cancer care. Based on DACUM analysis, information about duties, tasks, and task elements of clinical dietitians for cancer care was collected. Developed job standards were applied to clinical nutrition care for cancer patients in hospitals for evaluation. Based on DACUM analysis, consultations from professionals, and field application tests, the final job standards were composed of four duties, 18 tasks, and 56 task elements. The duties consisted of nutritional assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention, and nutrition monitoringㆍevaluation. For cancer nutrition care, 109 work activities were developed. They were composed of 75 basic and 34 recommended work activities. The application of developed job standards for clinical dietitians for cancer care at 10 hospitals showed a performance rate of 72.3%. In conclusion, job standards for clinical dietitians for cancer care developed in this study might be effectively used as guidelines for providing clinical nutrition services for cancer patients in hospitals.
GPS/INS 항측에 의한 대축척 수치지형도 제작의 효율성 평가
위광재(Wie Gwang Jae),서용운(Suh Young Woon),양인태(Yang In Tae),최윤수(Choi Yun Soo),이자영(Lee Ja Young) 대한공간정보학회 2008 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.16 No.1
본 연구에서는 GPS/INS 항공사진측량 기술을 이용하여 1/1,000 수준의 대축척 수치지형도를 제작하고 전통적인 항공사진측량과의 차이점, 즉 정확도, 경제성 등을 평가하여 GPS/INS 항측의 효율성을 평가하였다. 연구결과, 지상기준점측량 공정에서 약 40%의 작업량 절감효과가 발생한 것으로 나타났으며, 작업지역의 크기에 따른 작업효율성은 1/5,000 항측의 경우 전통적인 방법과 동일한 정확도를 유지하는 것을 기준으로 할 때 대략 10모델과 20모델블록에서는 55%, 30모델 블록의 경우 60%의 지상기준점이 감소함을 확인하였다. In this study, it was estimated efficiency of GPS/INS photogrammetry by comparison of accuracy and economical efficiency between conventional aerial triangulation and GPS/INS aerial triangulation at the base of large scale digital mapping using GPS/INS aerial survey. The results of aerial triangulation with GPS/INS showed that 40% of working amount was reduced in the process of ground control point survey compared to conventional aerial triangulation. In case of 1/5000 scale aerial triangulation, the results showed that 55% GCP work was reduced in 10 and 20 block size, and 60% GCP work was reduced in 30 block size, under the assumption of keeping the same accuracy.
An Experimental Study on the Ultrasonic Machining Characteristics of Engineering Ceramics
Ik Soo Kang,Jeong Suk Kim,Yong Wie Seo,Jeon Ha Kim 대한기계학회 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.2
Engineering ceramics have many unique characteristics both in mechanical and physical properties such as high temperature hardness, high thermal, chemical and electrical resistance. However, its machinability is very poor in conventional machining due to its high hardness and severe tool wear. In the current experimental study, alumina (Al₂O₃) was ultrasonically machined using SiC abrasives under various machining conditions to investigate the material removal rate and surface quality of the machined samples. Under the applied amplitude of 0.02㎜ 27㎑ frequency, three slurry ratios of 1:1. 1:3 and 1:5 with different tool shapes and applied static pressure levels, the machining was conducted. Using the mesh number of 240 abrasive, slurry ratio of 1:1 and static pressure of 2.5㎏/㎠, maximum material removal rate of 18.97㎣ /min was achieved. With mesh number of 600 SiC abrasives and static pressure of 3.0㎏/㎠, best surface toughness of 0.76㎛ Ra was obtained.