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Wen Zhong-Ling,Yang Min-Kai,Fazal Aliya,Liao Yong-Hui,Cheng Lin-Run,Hua Xiao-Mei,Hu Dong-Qing,Shi Ji-Sen,Yang Rong-Wu,Lu Gui-Hua,Qi Jin-Liang,Zhi Hong,Qian Qiu-Ping,Yang Yong-Hua 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.8
In this study, two soybean genotypes, i.e., aluminum-tolerant Baxi 10 (BX10) and aluminumsensitive Bendi 2 (BD2), were used as plant materials and acidic red soil was used as growth medium. The soil layers from the inside to the outside of the root are: rhizospheric soil after washing (WRH), rhizospheric soil after brushing (BRH) and rhizospheric soil at two sides (SRH), respectively. The rhizosphere bacterial communities were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene amplicons via Illumina MiSeq. The results of alpha diversity analysis showed that the BRH and SRH of BX10 were significantly lower in community richness than that of BD2, while the WRH exhibited no significant difference between BX10 and BD2. Among the three sampling compartments of the same soybean genotype, WRH had the lowest community richness and diversity while showing the highest coverage. Beta diversity analysis results displayed no significant difference for any compartment between the two genotypes, or among the three different sampling compartments for any same soybean genotype. However, the relative abundance of major bacterial taxa, specifically nitrogen-fixing and/or aluminum-tolerant bacteria, was significantly different in the compartments of the BRH and/or SRH at phylum and genus levels, indicating genotype-dependent variations in rhizosphere bacterial communities. Strikingly, as compared with BRH and SRH, the WRH within the same genotype (BX10 or BD2) always had an enrichment effect on rhizosphere bacteria associated with nitrogen fixation
Important Factors on Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Nickel-Based Catalysts
Zhong-wen Liu,Hyun-Seog Roh,전기원 한국공업화학회 2003 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.9 No.6
Some factors such as catalyst, temperature, space velocity, feed CO2/CH4 ratio, H2O and/or O2 addition, have been examined for stable operation of carbon dioxide reforming of CH4 (CDR) in a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The Ni/Ce-ZrO2/-Al2O3 catalyst showed high activity and stability under all the conditions employed compared with Ni/MgAl2O4. This seems to be due to strong interactions between NiO and support and relatively abundant mobile oxygen species in the Ce-ZrO2 layer: the former would suppress carbon formation step and the latter would activate the carbon elimination step. The carbon deposition over the catalysts in CDR was drastically reduced with a slight increase of feed CO2/CH4 ratio or the addition of H2O in feed. The oxidation of CH4 and/or steam reforming of CH4 occurred simultaneously with carbon dioxide reforming of CH4, where drastic change of a H2/CO ratio was observed, when the feed was composed of CH4, CO2, H2O and/or O2. Keywords: carbon dioxide reforming, synthesis gas, simultaneous reforming, Ni catalysts, Ce-ZrO2
Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Ni/La₂O₃/Al₂O₃
Zhong-Wen Liu,Hyun-Seog Roh,전기원 한국공업화학회 2003 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.9 No.3
The precoating effect of La2O3 on the performance of Ni/-Al2O3 catalyst for carbon dioxide reforming of CH4 was investigated. All the catalysts showed a fairly good stability while the addition of La2O3 significantly improved the activity of Ni/-Al2O3. Ni/La2O3/Al2O3 catalysts had an optimum amount of La2O3 loading with a La/Al ratio of 0.05 with the highest activity and stability. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, XPS and TPR techniques. The phase of the precoated La2O3 was changed from highly dispersed La species to well crystallized LaAlO3 with increasing La/Al ratio. The interaction between Ni and the support was changed with the addition of La2O3 and the variation of La/Al ratio. Based on the characterization results, the promotional effect of La2O3 on Ni/-Al2O3 resulted from (1) the chemical environment and electronic state of Ni in Ni-La interface, (2) the stabilization of La2O3 on Al2O3 and (3) the strong basicity of La2O3. It was suggested that the highly dispersed La species is more effective than LaAlO3 for the promotional effect of La2O3.
( Zhong Wen Chen ),( Yin Bing Zhang ),( Xaing Jun Chen ),( Xiao Liu ),( Zhen Wang ),( Xi Kun Zhou ),( Ji Qiu ),( Nan Nan Zhang ),( Xiu Teng ),( Yong Qiu Mao ),( Chang Yong Liu ),( Yu Quan Wei ),( Jion 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.3
Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is caused by a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1- dominant immunity. It has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis by subcutaneous injection of recombinant interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-4 gene therapy by topical transdermal penetration has shown its antipsoriatic effect in mice. Retinoic acid (RA) and dimethylsulfoxide can increase the efficiency of gene transfection in the topical transdermal delivery system. Objective: We investigated whether RA could improve anti-psoriasis efficiency using IL-4 expression plasmid pORF-mIL-4 (pIL-4) via transdermal delivery system in K14-vascular endothelial growth (K14- VEGF) factor transgenic mice. Methods: After pretreatment with RA, plasmid pIL-4 in 10% dimethylsulfoxide was applied to the ear skin by topical transdermal penetration. Hematoxylin- eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed with ear samples to evaluate anti-psoriasis efficiency in mice. Results: The psoriasis pathological features were relieved and psoriasis-associated factors were significantly reduced. Conclusion: Our results reveal that topical application of pIL-4 in dimethylsulfoxide by transdermal delivery with RA pretreatment can improve psoriasis significantly. (Ann Dermatol 27(2) 121∼127, 2015)
( Zhong Wen Chen ),( Yin Bing Zhang ),( Xaing Jun Chen ),( Xiao Liu ),( Zhen Wang ),( Xi Kun Zhou ),( Ji Qiu ),( Nan Nan Zhang ),( Xiu Teng ),( Yong Qiu Mao ),( Chang Yong Liu ),( Yu Quan Wei ),( Jion 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.2
Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is caused by a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1- dominant immunity. It has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis by subcutaneous injection of recombinant interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-4 gene therapy by topical transdermal penetration has shown its antipsoriatic effect in mice. Retinoic acid (RA) and dimethylsulfoxide can increase the efficiency of gene transfection in the topical transdermal delivery system. Objective: We investigated whether RA could improve anti-psoriasis efficiency using IL-4 expression plasmid pORF-mIL-4 (pIL-4) via transdermal delivery system in K14-vascular endothelial growth (K14- VEGF) factor transgenic mice. Methods: After pretreatment with RA, plasmid pIL-4 in 10% dimethylsulfoxide was applied to the ear skin by topical transdermal penetration. Hematoxylin- eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were performed with ear samples to evaluate anti-psoriasis efficiency in mice. Results: The psoriasis pathological features were relieved and psoriasis-associated factors were significantly reduced. Conclusion: Our results reveal that topical application of pIL-4 in dimethylsulfoxide by transdermal delivery with RA pretreatment can improve psoriasis significantly.(Ann Dermatol 27(2) 121∼127, 2015)
CO₂ Reforming of Methane over Ni on MgO-Precoated Al₂O₃
Zhong-Wen Liu,Hyun-Seong Roh,전기원,H. S. Potdar,Min Ji 한국공업화학회 2003 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.9 No.5
The effects of MgO loading and calcination temperature of the catalysts on the carbon dioxide reforming of methane (CDR) have been extensively investigated over Ni/MgO/Al2O3 catalysts in a fixed-bed reactor system. Results indicate that the activity and stability of the catalysts were significantly influenced by both MgO loading and calcination temperature, i.e., higher calcination temperature and higher MgO loading are essential for high activity and stability of the catalyst. Characterization results indicate that mixed spinel phase composed of MgAl2O4 and NiAl2O4 is effective to produce active and stable Ni species having strong Ni to support interaction resulting in active and stable catalytic performance in CDR.
일반논문 : 송사(宋詞)와 전족(纏足) 및 궁혜(弓鞋)의 우아화(雅化)
유중문 ( Zhong Wen Yu ) 퇴계학부산연구원 2013 퇴계학논총 Vol.22 No.-
纏足과 弓鞋은 궁중에서 춤과 노래를 하는 기녀로부터 유래하여, 北宋시대의 熙녕 및 元풍 년간에 귀족 여성과 기녀들 사이에서 유행하였다. 남송 말년에 이르러 纏足은 노동력이 필요한 하층 노동여성 및 오지의 여성들을 제외하면, 이미 좋지 않은 관습이 되었다. 宋代에 纏足과 弓鞋이 流行하게 된 것은 송대의 理學과 전혀 관련이 없으며, 또한 송나라 사람들의 심리 변태적인 산물도 아니며, 弓鞋(纏足)에 대한 宋詞의 "우아화[雅化]"이다. "弓鞋"과 "金蓮"에 대한 宋詞의 표현방식을 통하여 "우아화[雅化]"의 과정을 발견할 수 있다. 弓鞋의 "우아화[雅化]"는 창기가 신는 무대 신발을 우아하고 고급스러움의 상징으로 탈바꿈시켰으며, 纏足의 발전을 촉진시켰다. Bound-feet and Gongxie originated from Geishas serving at the palace in Nantang Dynasty, and prevailed among the aristocratic women and prostitutes at the Xi`ning and Yuanfeng times in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Bound-feet already covered all over the country, except the women of the lower class and the remote area due to the needs of keeping the labor power. The Confucianism in Song Dynasty should not be responsible for the boom of Bound-feet and Gongxie which was certainly not the outcome of sexual psychopath, but the result of Gongxie`s elegancization popularized by Songci. The process of Gongxie`s elegantization, propelling the development of Bound-feet and transforming the Gongxie into the symbol of Beauty and Noble, can be found in the changes of the usage of Gongxie and Jinlian in Songci.
Enhancement of Aggregation-Induced Emission in Dye-Encapsulating Polymeric Micelles for Bioimaging
Wu, Wen-Chung,Chen, Ching-Yi,Tian, Yanqing,Jang, Sei-Hum,Hong, Yuning,Liu, Yang,Hu, Rongrong,Tang, Ben Zhong,Lee, Yi-Ting,Chen, Chin-Ti,Chen, Wen-Chang,Jen, Alex K.-Y. WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.20 No.9
<P>Three amphiphilic block copolymers are employed to form polymeric micelles and function as nanocarriers to disperse hydrophobic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dyes, 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexaphenylsilole (HPS) and/or bis(4-(N-(1-naphthyl) phenylamino)-phenyl)fumaronitrile (NPAFN), into aqueous solution for biological studies. Compared to their virtually non-emissive properties in organic solutions, the fluorescence intensity of these AIE dyes has increased significantly due to the spatial confinement that restricts intramolecular rotation of these dyes and their better compatibility in the hydrophobic core of polymeric micelles. The effect of the chemical structure of micelle cores on the photophysical properties of AIE dyes are investigated, and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the green-emitting donor (HPS) to the red-emitting acceptor (NPAFN) is explored by co-encapsulating this FRET pair in the same micelle core. The highest fluorescence quantum yield (∼62%) could be achieved by encapsulating HPS aggregates in the micelles. Efficient energy transfer (>99%) and high amplification of emission (as high as 8 times) from the NPAFN acceptor could also be achieved by spatially confining the HPS/NPAFN FRET pair in the hydrophobic core of polymeric micelles. These micelles could be successfully internalized into the RAW 264.7 cells to demonstrate high-quality fluorescent images and cell viability due to improved quantum yield and reduced cytotoxicity.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Highly efficient fluorescence probes are achieved through the encapsulation of aggregation-induced emission molecules, 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexaphenylsilole (HPS) and/or bis(4-(N-(1-naphthyl) phenylamino)-phenyl)fumaronitrile (NPAFN) in the core of polymeric micelles. Bright fluorescence cell images are shown with tunable colors of green directly from HPS aggregates and red through efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from HPS aggregates to NPAFN aggregates. <img src='wiley_img_2010/1616301X-2010-20-9-ADFM200902043-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/1616301X-2010-20-9-ADFM200902043-content'> </P>