중국 고대철학의 天 학설

劉文英 동의대학교 인문과학연구소 1998 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.3 No.-

Association between PM2.5 exposure and risk of Parkinson’s disease in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan: a nested case-control study

Ci-Wen Luo(Ci-Wen Luo),Yu-Hsiang Kuan(Yu-Hsiang Kuan),Wen-Ying Chen(Wen-Ying Chen),Chun-Jung Chen(Chun-Jung Chen),Frank Cheau-Feng Lin(Frank Cheau-Feng Lin ),Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai(Stella Chin-Shaw Tsa 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This cohort study investigated the correlation between Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk under particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure. METHODS: Data from the National Health Research Institutes of Taiwan were used in this study. The Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan established an air quality monitoring network for monitoring Taiwan’s general air quality. COPD was indicated by at least 3 outpatient records and 1 hospitalization for COPD. After the implementation of age, sex, and endpoint matching at a 1:4 ratio, 137 patients and 548 patients were included in the case group and control group, respectively. Based on the 2005 World Health Organization (WHO) standards, monthly air particle concentration data were classified into the following 4 groups in analyses of exposure–response relationships: normal level, and 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the WHO level ([concentration ≥2]×25 μg/m3×number of exposure months). RESULTS: A multivariate logistic regression revealed that the 1.0 and 1.5 WHO level groups did not significantly differ from the normal level group, but the 2.0 WHO level did (odds ratio, 4.091; 95% confidence interval, 1.180 to 14.188; p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated PM2.5 concentrations were significantly correlated with an increased risk of PD among patients with COPD. Furthermore, exposure to high PM2.5 levels can further increase the risk of PD.

Blocking Artifacts Reduction using Two Modes Shift Block Filter

Ying-Wen Chang,Yen-Yu Chen 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7

Blocking effect is the major drawbacks in DCT-based codec at low bit-rate. An efficient anti-blocking effect algorithm is induced in the DCT domain. The proposed algorithm eases the false edges with low computational complexity. Two operations are suggested to different region according the region feature. One operation applies to the smooth region and the boundary edges become to linear distribution and more gradual. The other operation tries to remove some high frequency DCT component and to make the false edge smoothness but not harm for the image quality. The proposed scheme can take best quality in both objective and subjective metrics. Moreover, the objective metric, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), can improve to 0.5 ㏈.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ying-Ying Wu,Yan Feng,Yue Huang,Jie-Wen Zhang 대한신경과학회 2016 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.12 No.4

User-intervened structured meshing methods and applications for complex flow fields based on multiblock partitioning

Wen-Hao Cai,Jie-Min Zhan,Ying-Ying Luo 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1

Recently, a series of automatic structured grid generation methods for different fields or specific problems have been proposed by various researchers, but these methods still have some disadvantages or limitations. Therefore, in the present study, several user-intervened structured meshing methods for complex flow fields have been introduced for multiblock docking and multiblock splicing based on multiblock structured grid technology. Besides, three applications compared with the other methods or experiments are discussed to illustrate the crucial workflow of the user-intervened partitioning. The successful implementation of these partitioning examples demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the methods described herein. And the techniques and criteria summarized in the present paper are quite practical and helpful for high-quality meshing.

Research on Decoupling and Driving Factors of Industrial Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province

Wen-wen Li,Wen-ping Wang,Tian-tian Zhou,Ying-bo Qin 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Industrial sectors have resulted in a large amount of pollution. Environmental degradation problem requires more indepth research on relationships between different sectors’ economic output and pollutant emissions. This paper analyzes the relationship between industrial economy and ecology. On the basis of it, the driving factors of industrial sectors’ pollution emissions are analyzed. Firstly, decoupling elasticity of industrial sectors in Jiangsu province during 2004-2013 is analyzed by Tapio decoupling model. And then, the industrial sectors are classified into three types according to the different decoupling elasticity. Finally, the three types of industrial sectors’ driving factors of industrial solid waste output are decomposed by LMDI method. The results show that: industrial sectors in Jiangsu province are divided into strong decoupling sectors, weak decoupling sectors and expansive negative decoupling sectors; economic development significantly promotes the increase of industrial solid waste output of all sectors; technology improvement and industrial structure largely decrease industrial solid waste output of strong decoupling sectors and weak decoupling sectors; however, technology improvement accelerates industrial solid waste output of expansive negative decoupling sectors; the role of industrial structure factor changes from restraint to promotion of expansive negative decoupling sectors.

Colloidal processing of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, Part I-Pb dissolution

Wen-Cheng J. Wei,Wen-Ting Hsu,Bang-Ying Yu 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2006 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.7 No.3

The dissolution behavior of aqueous Pb(Zr,Ti) O3(PZT) suspensions were studied by Atomic Adsorption (AA) and Inductively Coupling Plasma (ICP) spectroscopies, specially emphasizing the change of solution acidity within pH 2 to 12, the effects of polymeric dispersant, and comparing with the dissolution behavior of PbO. The iso-electric-point (IEP) of a 2.0 wt % PZT solution was measured and compared to the minimal dissolution case (less than 10 ppm) to be in the range of pH 7 to 10. The effects of one dispersants, poly (α-N,N-dimethyl-N-acryloxyethyl) ammonium ethnate acrylamide (PMAA/DAAE) was investigated in comparison with a commercial anionic dispersant, an ammonium salt of polymethylacrylic acid (PMAAN). A possible dissolution model and the thickness of the Pb depletion zone on PZT particles are proposed based on the experimental observation. The dissolution behavior of aqueous Pb(Zr,Ti) O3(PZT) suspensions were studied by Atomic Adsorption (AA) and Inductively Coupling Plasma (ICP) spectroscopies, specially emphasizing the change of solution acidity within pH 2 to 12, the effects of polymeric dispersant, and comparing with the dissolution behavior of PbO. The iso-electric-point (IEP) of a 2.0 wt % PZT solution was measured and compared to the minimal dissolution case (less than 10 ppm) to be in the range of pH 7 to 10. The effects of one dispersants, poly (α-N,N-dimethyl-N-acryloxyethyl) ammonium ethnate acrylamide (PMAA/DAAE) was investigated in comparison with a commercial anionic dispersant, an ammonium salt of polymethylacrylic acid (PMAAN). A possible dissolution model and the thickness of the Pb depletion zone on PZT particles are proposed based on the experimental observation.

Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection, Cervical Cancer, and HPV Vaccine and its Correlates among Medical Students in Southwest China: a Multi-center Cross-sectional Survey

Wen, Ying,Pan, Xiong-Fei,Zhao, Zhi-Mei,Chen, Feng,Fu, Chun-Jing,Li, Si-Qi,Zhao, Yun,Chang, Hong,Xue, Qing-Ping,Yang, Chun-Xia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Since cervical cancer can be prevented and controlled through human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, it is important to train health care providers and provide them with appropriate knowledge. This study aimed to understand the level of HPV related knowledge among medical students and correlates in Southwest China in order to address any potential gap in their knowledge base. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among medical students in six selected universities across Southwest China based on a pretested questionnaire regarding HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccines. Results: We successfully surveyed 1, 878 medical students, of whom 32.1% were males and 67.9% were females. Their mean age was 20.8 (standard deviation: 1.3) years. 91.8% of them were ethnic Han Chinese, and 43.8% were students in clinical medicine. While 76.5% had heard of HPV only 48.8% knew that the prevention of cervical cancer was possible through HPV vaccination. Only 42.9% of the male and 49.2% of the female students correctly answered over 10 out of 22 questions on HPV related knowledge. Female students appeared to know more about HPV and HPV vaccination (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.11-1.75). In addition, the student knowledge improved with the grade (p<0.001). University courses were the most selected source of knowledge about HPV vaccination (66.4%). 83.6% of males and 91.4% of females were willing to have more HPV related education by experts (p<0.001). Only 10.1% of the students acknowledged that people had asked for their advice regarding HPV vaccination. Conclusions: Our survey indicates that medical students from Southwest China have poor knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccination, but are willing to receive more relevant information. Targeted education should be incorporated into school courses to inform these future health care providers and ensure success of programs for cervical cancer control and prevention.

Therapeutic effects of systemic photodynamic therapy in a leukemia animal model using A20 cells.

Wen, Lan Ying,Bae, Su-Mi,Chun, Heung-Jae,Park, Kye-Shin,Ahn, Woong Shick Baillière Tindall ; Springer London 2012 LASERS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.27 No.2

<P>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is attracting attention because of its noticeable inhibitory effects on the growth of dermatological and other solid tumors. Here, we studied the use of PDT in systemic diseases such as leukemia, lymphoma, and metastatic cancer, for which tumor formation areas cannot be clearly compartmentalized. We developed a systemic PDT method and examined its effect in a leukemia mouse model. Growth inhibition of A20 cells (H-2(d), murine B-lymphoma/leukemia, and Balb/c origin) induced by PDT/Photodithazine was evaluated by EZ-Cytox assay. After PDT, changes in cell morphology were assessed by light microscopy. Induction of apoptosis, as well as changes in the cell cycle, were assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. A20 cells were injected into Balb/c mice through the tail veins, and PDT was performed. A total of 10 mg kg(-1) body weight of Photodithazine concentration was injected intravenously. After 5 min, micro photofibers (diameter, 200 μm) were inserted into the tail veins and irradiated at 1,200 J with a laser. PDT inhibited growth of A20 cells and resulted in marked morphological changes. PDT also induced apoptosis and G1 arrest. In a leukemia mouse model, systemic PDT increased the survival rate (p < 0.01). This is the first report of the effects of systemic PDT in a leukemia animal model. PDT has been applied only locally in most cases, for example to solid tumors. This study provides experimental evidence that systemic PDT could effectively be applied to systemic and spread tumors, for which tumor formation areas cannot clearly be determined.</P>

Optimal Design on Policies of Industrial Eco-Economic System in China under the Constraint of Energy Saving and Carbon Emission

Ying-bo Qin,Wen-ping Wang,Wen-wen Li 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

With the purpose of resolving the contradiction between economic growth and environmental deterioration, this paper, using carbon emission as an example, analyzes the critical factors in current industry policies, builds a model for system dynamics, simulates the impacts of different policies on the economy, energy and environment under various scenarios, and gives suggestions on the optimal design of policies. It is shown that: (I) the adjustment of industrial structure and energy taxation according to prices are helpful in delaying the economic recession, but energy taxation according to quantity and the carbon tax within a short period will inhibit the economic growth. (II) Only the adjustment of energy structure has a significant impact on energy intensity. (III) The implementation of carbon tax and the adjustment of energy structure are the most significant two factors in changing carbon intensity, and the latter is the best option because of no significant negative effect in economy. But, carbon tax should be carried out gradually in the long run. (IV) The advantage of human capital is shown in the comparison of investment structure, which provides a basis direction for investment in the future. (V) The transformation of energy tax collection modes plays its regulatory role in rationally exploiting energy and protecting environment.