Gentrification in Urban China under Market Transformation

Weixuan Song,Xigang Zhu 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2010 도시과학국제저널 Vol.14 No.2

After the reform and opening up in 1978, urban social space has been reconstructing according to market principals in China. With the gradual differentiation of urban social classes and the expansion of the middle class, gentrification has presented itself in metropolises of China in the process of urban renewal. It is a process of social space reconstruction that is initiated and facilitated by the government, and participated by investors, financial institutions and the middle class together. The previous study on gentrification in China pays more attention to physical renewal, neglecting its social function. This paper thinks that it is a process of the reproduction of urban space in the course of market transformation, mainly dominated by governments, among which, the central government aims to construct a harmonious society and the local states purpose is focused on urban management.

Spatial differentiation of gated communities in Nanjing

Weixuan Song,Chunhui Liu 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2017 도시과학국제저널 Vol.21 No.4

Since market reform began in China’s housing sector, gated communities have been the mainstream model for newly built residential communities. There is a rich literature exploring the popularity and social-spatial effects of gated communities, as well as reactions to them. However, the general layout and spatial differentiation of gated communities in urban areas have been scarcely explored. This paper studies the central urban area of Nanjing, which was determined in the Urban Master Planning of Nanjing (2011–2010). The research object is the set of 1114 gated communities that were built after 1998. The Theil Index and GIS Contour Line are used to analyse the spatial distribution of housing prices, property management fees and plot ratios of these gated communities in Nanjing. Then, we reveal the spatial differentiation of the types and grades of the gated communities and propose a spatial differentiation model of gated communities in Nanjing. Based on all of the above, this paper also discusses how factors including location/land price, city planning, construction type, resource allocation, and year of establishment impact the gated communities’ spatial differentiation and how the gated communities’ spatial differentiation reflects and predicts urban socio-spatial differentiation.

Characteristics, Social Problems and Solutions of the Spatial Distribution of Government-Subsidized Houses in Chinese Mega-Cities

Song Weixuan 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2011 도시과학국제저널 Vol.15 No.2

From the characteristics of spatial distribution of government-subsidized houses in five Chinese mega-cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing and Wuhan), the following problems can be observed: remote spatial location, large-scale centralized construction and imperfect auxiliary facilities. By analyzing the causes of these problems, the author of this thesis states the following: building government-subsidized houses in the outer suburbs of mega-cities may bring about a series of social problems, including the intensification of social segregation and repulsion, the emergence of urban slums and poverty, the inter-generation continuance of poverty and the intensification of social risks. Therefore, the author suggests that the government should promulgate corresponding laws and regulations, so as to optimize the spatial distribution layout of urban government-subsidized houses and justify the distribution of urban spatial resources. The author suggests that the government should enact the Housing Law as soon as possible and adopt the model of the auxiliary construction of government-subsidized houses and the model of mixed residence of different classes, in order to reduce China’s social risks and transition costs in the period of social transition.

Genome-wide locus-specific DNA methylation repatterning may facilitate rapid evolution of mercury resistance in rice

Cong Weixuan,Li Ning,Wang Jinbin,Kang Ying,Miao Yiling,Xu Chunming,Wang Ziqi,Liu Tongtong,Gong Lei,Liu Bao,Ou Xiufang 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.3

Background: Albeit a relatively stable epigenetic modification, DNA methylation in plants can be repatterned and play important roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, whether DNA methylation dynamics may contribute to cope with mercury (Hg) stress in plants remains to be fully investigated. Objective: To probe the potential roles of DNA methylation dynamics in coping with Hg stress in rice. Methods: Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing was used to profile the DNA methylation patterns of a rice Hg-resistant line (RHg) selected from a heterozygous mutant of the DNA methyltransferase 1 gene (OsMET1+/-), together with its Hg-sensitive wild-type plants of cv. Nipponbare (Nip) under both normal and Hg stress conditions. Results: Genome-wide locus-specific differential methylation regions (DMRs) were detected between RHg and Nip under normal condition, the predominant DMR patterns were CG hypo-DMRs, CHG hypo-DMRs and CHH hyper-DMRs. In both lines, more hyper- than hypo-DMRs were detected at all three sequence contexts (CG, CHG and CHH) under Hg stress relative to normal condition. Comparison of DNA methylation changes in the two lines under Hg stress indicates that RHg had a more dynamic methylome than the control (Nip). Original DMRs in RHg trended to transform to opposite status (from hyper- to hypo- or vice versa) under Hg stress condition. Gene ontology analysis revealed that Hg-resistance-related DMGs were enriched in diverse biological processes. Conclusions: Our results suggest genome-wide locus-specific DNA methylation repatterning can facilitate rapid acquisition of Hg resistance in rice.

Study on the Effect of Tween80 on the Properties of PVA/SCFs Composites

Liulan Lin,Weixuan Xu,Guomin Liu 한국고분자학회 2023 폴리머 Vol.47 No.5

Acteoside reduces testosterone by inhibiting cAMP, p450scc, and StAR in rat Leydig cells

Shuqiang Liu,Junwen Zhang,Weixuan Li,Tianxiang Zhang,Defu Hu 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.1

The present study investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of acteoside on testosterone production in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The in vivo experiment revealed that acteoside reduced the testosterone level in serum significantly (P⁄0.05). The in vitro experiment also illustrated that acteoside significantly reduced testosterone production in SD rat Leydig cells in primary culture (P⁄0.05). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that acteoside significantly reduced the cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) level (P⁄0.05), and Western blot analysis showed that acteoside significantly reduced cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (p450scc) and steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) expression (P⁄ 0.05). Hoechst 33342 staining and Western blotting showed that acteoside did not induce apoptosis in Leydig cells. Together, these results suggest that the acteoside-induced reduction in testosterone production in rat may be at least partially due to down-regulation of cAMP, p450scc, and StAR, but not apoptosis.

Association of the Porcine Cluster of Differentiation 4 Gene with T Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Its Expression in Immune Tissues

Xu, Jingen,Liu, Yang,Fu, Weixuan,Wang, Jiying,Wang, Wenwen,Wang, Haifei,Liu, Jianfeng,Ding, Xiangdong,Zhang, Qin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.4

Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) is mainly expressed on $CD4^+$ T cells, which plays an important role in immune response. The aim of this study was to detect the association between polymorphisms of the CD4 gene and T lymphocyte subpopulations in pigs, and to investigate the effects of genetic variation on the CD4 gene expression level in immune tissues. Five missense mutations in the CD4 gene were identified using DNA pooling sequencing assays, and two main haplotypes (CCTCC and AGCTG) in strong linkage disequilibrium (with frequencies of 50.26% and 46.34%, respectively) were detected in the population of Large White pigs. Our results indicated that the five SNPs and the two haplotypes were significantly associated with the proportions of $CD4^-CD8^-$, $CD4^+CD8^+$, $CD4^+CD8^-$, $CD4^+$ and $CD4^+/CD8^+$ in peripheral blood (p<0.05). Gene expression analysis showed the mRNA level of the CD4 gene in thymus was significantly higher than that in lymph node and spleen (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between animals with CCTCC/CCTCC genotype and animals with AGCTG/AGCTG genotype in the three immune tissues (p>0.05). These results indicate that the CD4 gene may influence T lymphocyte subpopulations and can be considered as a candidate gene affecting immunity in pigs.

Tissues Expression, Polymorphisms of IFN Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) Gene and Their Associated with Immune Traits in Three Pig Populations

Liu, Yang,Xu, Jingeng,Fu, Weixuan,Weng, Ziqing,Niu, Xiaoyan,Liu, Jianfeng,Ding, Xiangdong,Zhang, Qin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.2

Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene is a member of the IRF-family, and plays functionally diverse roles in the regulation of the immune system. In this report, the 13,720 bp porcine IRF6 genomic DNA structure was firstly identified with a putative IRF6 protein of 467 amino acids. Alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the porcine IRF6 amino acid sequences with their homologies to other species showed high identity (over 96%). Tissues expression of IRF6 mRNA was observed by RT-PCR, the results revealed IRF6 expressed widely in eight tissues. One SNP (HQ026023:1383 G>C) in exon7 and two SNPs (HQ026023:130 G>A; 232 C>T) in the 5′ promoter region of porcine IRF6 gene were demonstrated by DNA sequencing analysis. A further analysis of SNP genotypes associated with immune traits including IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL10 concentrations in serum was carried out in three pig populations including Large White, Landraces and Songliao Black pig (a Chinese indigenous breed). The results showed that the SNP (HQ026023:1383 G>C) was significantly associated with the level of IFN-${\gamma}$ (d 20) in serum (p = 0.038) and the ratio of IFN-${\gamma}$ to IL10 (d 20) in serum (p = 0.041); The other two SNPs (HQ026023:130 G>A; 232 C>T) were highly significantly associated with IL10 level in serum both at the day 20 (p = 0.005; p = 0.001) and the day 35 (p = 0.004; p = 0.006). Identification of the porcine IRF6 gene will help our further understanding of the molecular basis of the IFN regulation pathway in the porcine immune response. All these results should indicate that the IRF6 gene can be regarded as a molecular marker associated with the IL10 level in serum and used for genetic selection in the pig breeding.

A Conflict Measure Model for an Application to Green Supplier Selection

Mingrong Deng,Jin-Xiao Chen,Weixuan Xu 중앙대학교 한국전자무역연구소 2010 전자무역연구 Vol.8 No.4

As environmental issues are of increased concern, many enterprises pay close attention to green supply chain. The conflict among supply chain members should be evaluated since the long strategic relation is essential to cooperate and collaborate smoothly. Based on their attitudes toward important issues, a conflict evaluation model is proposed. Due to the particularity in aggregating conflicts, both the issue importance and aggregation structure are considered. The weight parameters in model are delivered from experience. The model is very effective in supplier selection under e-trade mode because the attitudes can be collected easily through information platform. This paper address the problem how to measure the conflict between two organizations based on their real attitudes toward some important issues, for example, environmental ones. 환경 문제가 높은 관심을 받게 되었기 때문에 많은 기업들은 녹색공급사슬에 면밀한 관심을 가지게 되었다. 장기적인 전략적 관계는 원활하게 협동하고 협력하기 위해서 필수적인 것이기 때문에 공급사슬 구성원들 사이의 갈등은 측정되어야만 한다. 중요한 문제에 대한 그들의 행동에 기초하여 갈등 측정 모델이 제시되었다. 갈등을 집합시키는데 있어서의 특수성 때문에 문제에 대한 중요성과 집합 구조가 고려된다. 모델 내에서의 가중치 매개변수는 경험으로부터 얻을 수 있다. 행동은 정보 플랫폼을 통하여 쉽게 수집될 수 있기 때문에 모델은 전자무역 방식 하에서 공급자의 선택에서 매우 효과적이다. 본 논문은 어떠한 중요한 이슈들, 예를 들면 환경이슈들에 대한 기업들의 실질적인 태도에 근거하여 2개의 기업 간의 갈등을 어떻게 측정하는가의 문제를 다룬다.

Introduction of Functionality, Selection of Topology, and Enhancement of Gas Adsorption in Multivariate Metal–Organic Framework-177

Zhang, Yue-Biao,Furukawa, Hiroyasu,Ko, Nakeun,Nie, Weixuan,Park, Hye Jeong,Okajima, Satoshi,Cordova, Kyle E.,Deng, Hexiang,Kim, Jaheon,Yaghi, Omar M. American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.137 No.7

<P>Metal-organic framework-177 (MOF-177) is one of the most porous materials whose structure is composed of octahedral Zn4O(-COO)(6) and triangular 1,3,5-benzenetribenzoate (BTB) units to make a three-dimensional extended network based on the qom topology. This topology violates a long-standing thesis where highly symmetric building units are expected to yield highly symmetric networks. In the case of octahedron and triangle combinations, MOFs based on pyrite (pyr) and rutile (rtl) nets were expected instead of qom. In this study, we have made 24 MOF-177 structures with different functional groups on the triangular BTB linker, having one or more functionalities. We find that the position of the functional groups on the BTB unit allows the selection for a specific net (qom, pyr, and rtl), and that mixing of functionalities (-H, -NH2, and -C4H4) is an important strategy for the incorporation of a specific functionality (-NO2) into MOF-177 where otherwise incorporation of such functionality would be difficult. Such mixing of functionalities to make multivariate MOF-177 structures leads to enhancement of hydrogen uptake by 25%.</P>