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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Walker J. Ross (검색결과 3 건)
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Governance of Olympic Environmental Stakeholders
Walker J. Ross,Becca Leopkey,Haylee Uecker Mercado 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2019 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.4 No.4
The purpose of this paper was to examine the governance mechanisms that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) utilizes to govern environmental stakeholders in the management of the Olympic Games. A case study was built focusing on archival data from the Olympic Movement. Via a qualitative approach, content analysis was employed to interpret this archival data. Several environmental stakeholders were considered aside from the IOC: Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGs), local governments, environmental organizations, and sponsors. The IOC utilized a number of policy governance mechanisms to encourage the inclusion of environmental stakeholders into the management of Games. These included a combination of coercive, framework, and voluntarism policies as well as the Host City Contract. These modes of policy governance contribute to the sport event management literature by providing an outline of the most influential environmental stakeholders in the Movement and how the IOC enforces their inclusion and compliance.
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Sustainable Olympic Development: A Proposed Benchmark for Managing Economic Outcomes
Timothy Koba,Hua Gong,Walker J. Ross,John Grady 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2021 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.6 No.1
No other sporting event possesses the grandeur of the Olympics, and few other development projects demonstrate the lack of cost containment as the Olympics which leaves local residents paying the debt and maintenance of a venue they may never use. Legacy planning is an important consideration for the hosting of the Olympics, but one that does not always receive adequate consideration resulting in the “white elephant phenomenon.” This study therefore looked to analyze the cost of hosting the Olympics compared to the economic activity in the host community in order to better inform public policy on the issues of sustainability and legacy, in particular. We are proposing a metric that helps to measure the costs that Olympic hosting has on the host community and provide a benchmark for containing those costs in terms of budgeting, construction and legacy planning for the Games. Consequently, the IOC can institute policy changes for project management that assist host cities in establishing a budget cap for venue development while simultaneously seeking to reduce the crippling debt that has accompanied them in the past.
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Kim, Tae Cheol,Ojha, Shuchi,Tian, Guo,Lee, Seung Han,Jung, Hyun Kyu,Choi, Jun Woo,Kornblum, Lior,Walker, Frederick J.,Ahn, Charles H.,Ross, Caroline A.,Kim, Dong Hun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.6 No.20
<P>Self-assembled nanocomposites consisting of ferrimagnetic CoFe2O4 and ferroelectric BiFeO3 were grown on Nb-doped SrTiO3 (001) or SrTiO3-buffered Si (001) substrates using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Spinel CoFe2O4 formed as epitaxial pillars within a perovskite BiFeO3 matrix, similar to nanocomposites grown by pulsed laser deposition. CoFe2O4 and BiFeO3 grew with a cube-on-cube epitaxy on Nb-doped SrTiO3, with partial relaxation of the in-plane strain of BiFeO3. The sputter-grown nanocomposites showed an out-of-plane magnetic easy axis as a result of both the shape anisotropy of the pillars and the magnetoelastic anisotropy of CoFe2O4, but the latter was dominant. The BiFeO3 matrix exhibited ferroelectric domains, and the removal of BiFeO3 led to the reduction of magnetic anisotropy by the strain relaxation of CoFe2O4. For potential application in devices, the nanocomposites were integrated on buffered silicon substrates. Templating of the CoFe2O4 nanopillars was achieved by substrate patterning. These techniques facilitate the incorporation of multiferroic nanocomposites into memory and other devices.</P>
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