Brazil’s Current Economic Situation: Focusing on the Procurement Market

Rebeca Igdal Wagner Sá(Rebeca Igdal Wagner Sá ) 한국구매조달학회 2020 한국구매조달학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Nonlinear rheology of polymer melts: a new perspective on finite chain extensibility effects

Wagner Manfred H. The Korean Society of Rheology 2006 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.18 No.4

Measurements by Luap et al. (2005) of elongational viscosity and birefringence of two nearly monodisperse polystyrene melts with molar masses $M_{w}$ of $206,000g{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ (PS206k) and $465,000g{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ (PS465k) respectively are reconsidered. At higher elongational stresses, the samples showed clearly deviations from the stress optical rule (SOR). The elongational viscosity data of both melts can be modeled quantitatively by the MSF model of Wagner et al. (2005), which is based on the assumption of a strain-dependent tube diameter and the interchain pressure term of Marrucci and Ianniruberto (2004). The only nonlinear parameter of the model, the tube diameter relaxation time, scales with $M_{w}^{2}$. In order to get agreement with the birefringence data, finite chain extensibility effects are taken into account by use of the $Pad\'{e}$ approximation of the inverse Langevin function, and the interchain pressure term is modified accordingly. Due to a selfregulating limitation of chain stretch by the FENE interchain pressure term, the transient elongational viscosity shows a small dependence on finite extensibility only, while the predicted steady-state elongational viscosity is not affected by non-Gaussian effects in agreement with experimental evidence. However, deviations from the SOR are described quantitatively by the MSF model by taking into account finite chain extensibility, and within the experimental window investigated, deviations from the SOR are predicted to be strain rate, temperature, and molar mass independent for the two nearly monodisperse polystyrene melts in good agreement with experimental data.

The Incidence of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Reactions to Apples Among Patients Allergic to Birch Pollen

Aneta Wagner,Hanna Zielińska-Bliźniewska,Waldemar Wagner 대한천식알레르기학회 2018 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.10 No.4

The major apple allergen Mal d 1 cross-reacts with the homologous birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and causes immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated immediate- type allergic reactions. In some patients, delayed-type hypersensitivity to apples may develop within 72 hours without evidence of specific IgE or a positive skin prick test (SPT). The aim of the study was to evaluate the concomitance of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and immediate IgE-mediated reactions against high- and low-allergenic apple cultivars in patients with birch pollen allergy. Data were obtained from 45 adults with clinical symptoms of birch pollen allergy. Patients were exposed to apple pulp via atopy patch tests (APTs) and SPTs. Levels of IgE specific to Bet v 1 and Mal d 1 were measured with a radioallergosorbent test. Patients allergic to birch pollen showed the highest rate of positive SPT responses to Golden Delicious apples and the lowest rate to low-allergenic cultivar Grey French Reinette. Among these patients, 9% developed delayed hypersensitivity reactions to either Golden Delicious or Grey French Reinette apples; these reactions manifested clinically as erythema with papules (class ++). Fifty percent of APT-positive patients were concomitantly SPT-negative. Here, we show for the first time the clinical relevance of T cell-driven allergic reactions to apples. APTs may reveal type IV sensitization in patients who are negative for the corresponding type I sensitization tests. Thus, utilization of the APT procedure with fresh apple appears to be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of apple allergy and may improve the accuracy of food allergy diagnoses.

Nonlinear rheology of polymer melts: a new perspective on finite chain extensibility effects

Manfred H. Wagner 한국유변학회 2006 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.18 No.4

Measurements by Luap et al. (2005) of elongational viscosity and birefringence of two nearly monodisperse polystyrene melts with molar masses MW of 206,000gmol1 (PS206k) and 465,000gmol1 (PS465k) respectively are reconsidered. At higher elongational stresses, the samples showed clearly deviations from the stress optical rule (SOR). The elongational viscosity data of both melts can be modeled quantitatively by the MSF model of Wagner et al. (2005), which is based on the assumption of a strain-dependent tube diameter and the interchain pressure term of Marrucci and Ianniruberto (2004). The only nonlinear parameter of the model, the tube diameter relaxation time, scales with MW2. In order to get agreement with the birefringence data, finite chain extensibility effects are taken into account by use of the Pad approximation of the inverse Langevin function, and the interchain pressure term is modified accordingly. Due to a self-regulating limitation of chain stretch by the FENE interchain pressure term, the transient elongational viscosity shows a small dependence on finite extensibility only, while the predicted steady-state elongational viscosity is not affected by non-Gaussian effects in agreement with experimental evidence. However, deviations from the SOR are described quantitatively by the MSF model by taking into account finite chain extensibility, and within the experimental window investigated, deviations from the SOR are predicted to be strain rate, temperature, and molar mass independent for the two nearly monodisperse polystyrene melts in good agreement with experimental data.

WHY DO CONSUMERS BUY PREMIUM PRIVATE LABELS? – SOME QUALITATIVE INSIGHTS

Olivier Reimann,Udo Wagner 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

46 2016 Global Marketing Conference at Hong Kong Proceedings: 46-47 (July 2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/GMC2016.01.04.01 WHY DO CONSUMERS BUY PREMIUM PRIVATE LABELS? – SOME QUAL-ITATIVE INSIGHTS Olivier Reimann, University of Vienna, Austria1) Udo Wagner, University of Vienna, Austria2) ABSTRACT Private labels (PL) have developed remarkably well during the last two decades. In many Western European countries they achieved market shares of around 30 percent and more. A phenomenon that recently gained momentum in academia and practice are premium PL (PPL). That are PL positioned as “better and cheaper” or “higher in price and superior in quality” compared to the leading NB. However, with regard to the perceived quality gaps consumers attributed economy and standard PLs vis-à-vis national brands (NB) in the past, it appears contradictory that PPL could become “one of the hottest trends in retail-ing”. To the best of the authors’ knowledge no study published up to now has addressed the following research question: Why do consumers prefer PPL over NB or other PL tiers. The present work tries to provide some insights into this research gap. We conducted two empirical research projects which aim at shedding some light on po-tential drivers of PPL product choice. Both projects are field studies with two leading grocery retail chains in a Central European country as research objects. In this country, the grocery retail market is characterized by a relatively high PL market share (29 percent in 2013) and a high concentration of retailer power: in 2014 the top three retailers cov-ered 85 percent of the overall market. Project I conducted focus group interviews. Partici-pants discussed about economy PL, standard PL and PPL products. Participants debated whether / under which circumstances they would choose one of these PL tiers or a NB. Research project II consisted of semi-structured interviews conducted with consumers in stores. The study revealed major determinants of PPL product choice: (1) quality and price, (2) packaging, (3) origin, and uniqueness, and (4) co-branding. We also gained some insights into the role of psychographics and demographics, brand management and communica-tion as well as on store loyalty. Disadvantageous for retailers, the reasons for PPL prod-uct choice are mainly not PPL brand related. PPL shoppers search for intrinsic or extrin-sic cues and would buy any other brand that offers a similar product. However, the find-ings for co-branding PPL showed that suggestions to apply traditional branding strategies in order to increase (premium) PL success should gain more attention from academia and retailers.

Scenario based optimization of a container vessel with respect to its projected operating conditions

Wagner, Jonas,Binkowski, Eva,Bronsart, Robert The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2014 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.6 No.2

In this paper the scenario based optimization of the bulbous bow of the KRISO Container Ship (KCS) is presented. The optimization of the parametrically modeled vessel is based on a statistically developed operational profile generated from noon-to-noon reports of a comparable 3600 TEU container vessel and specific development functions representing the growth of global economy during the vessels service time. In order to consider uncertainties, statistical fluctuations are added. An analysis of these data lead to a number of most probable upcoming operating conditions (OC) the vessel will stay in the future. According to their respective likeliness an objective function for the evaluation of the optimal design variant of the vessel is derived and implemented within the parametrical optimization workbench FRIENDSHIP Framework. In the following this evaluation is done with respect to vessel's calculated effective power based on the usage of potential flow code. The evaluation shows, that the usage of scenarios within the optimization process has a strong influence on the hull form.

歷史 資料로서의 韓國 族譜

Wagner, Edward W. 동아대학교 인문과학대학 인문과학연구소 1999 인문과학연구 Vol.- No.5

First 230 GHz VLBI fringes on 3C 279 using the APEX Telescope

Wagner, J.,Roy, A. L.,Krichbaum, T. P.,Alef, W.,Bansod, A.,Bertarini, A.,Gü,sten, R.,Graham, D.,Hodgson, J.,Mä,rtens, R.,Menten, K.,Muders, D.,Rottmann, H.,Tuccari, G.,Weiss, A.,Wieching, G.,W EDP Sciences 2015 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.581 No.-

Nonlinear rheology of linear polymer melts: Modeling chain stretch by interchain tube pressure and Rouse time

Wagner, Manfred H.,Rolon-Garrido, Victor H. The Korean Society of Rheology 2009 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.21 No.4

In flows with deformation rates larger than the inverse Rouse time of the polymer chain, chains are stretched and their confining tubes become increasingly anisotropic. The pressures exerted by a polymer chain on the walls of an anisotropic confinement are anisotropic and limit chain stretch. In the Molecular Stress Function (MSF) model, chain stretch is balanced by an interchain pressure term, which is inverse proportional to the $3^{rd}$ power of the tube diameter and is characterized by a tube diameter relaxation time. We show that the tube diameter relaxation time is equal to 3 times the Rouse time in the limit of small chain stretch. At larger deformations, we argue that chain stretch is balanced by two restoring tensions with weights of 1/3 in the longitudinal direction of the tube (due to a linear spring force) and 2/3 in the lateral direction (due to the nonlinear interchain pressure), both of which are characterized by the Rouse time. This approach is shown to be in quantitative agreement with transient and steady-state elongational viscosity data of two monodisperse polystyrene melts without using any nonlinear parameter, i.e. solely based on the linear-viscoelastic characterization of the melts. The same approach is extended to model experimental data of four styrene-butadiene random copolymer melts in shear flow. Thus for monodisperse linear polymer melts, for the first time a constitutive equation is presented which allows quantitative modeling of nonlinear extension and shear rheology on the basis of linear-viscoelastic data alone.

李組 士林問題에 관한 再檢討

Wagner, Edward W. 전북대사학회 1980 전북사학 Vol.4 No.-

이상에서 인용한 논저들은 이조시대에 사림파니 또는 사림세력이니 하는 칭호로 불리워진 집단이 있어, 그들이 대체로 선조의 무렵부터 지배격인 정치 세력으로서 크게 활동하였다고, 그것이 마치 아주 확실하고도 명백한 사실인 양, 주장하고 있습니다. 그런데 전자는 사림이 삼사라고 하는 기관을 기반으로 삼아 세력을 확보하고 그 세력을 행사하였다는 입장에서 "사림정치의 권력구조"라는 문제를 다루고 있으며 후자는 사림의 구성적인 측면을 그들의 출신지역, 경제적 기반, 그리고 사상적 경향이라는 각도에서 설명하고 있습니다. 본인은 아직 이조지배층의 구조와 성격에 관한 문제를 다룬 논저들을다 읽지 못하였지만 위에서 소개한 바와 같은 사림에 관한 견해는 오늘날의 한국사학계에서 상당히 널리 받아 들여지고 있는 것으로 생각됩니다. 그러나 본인은, 솔직히 말씀드려, 이 견해에 대하여 매우 회의적입니다.