Hermann Hesses Demian in der südkoreanischen Populärkultur

( Viktoria Luise Döberl ) 한국헤세학회 2018 헤세연구 Vol.40 No.-

Adored by the readers, abhorred by the critics – Hermann Hesse has a controversial position in the literary landscape. Although the enthusiasm among Western readers has decreased during the last decades, the affinity for Hesse’s works is still very present in East Asia – especially in modern South Korea, where Hesse’s Demian serves as a basis for a product of its inscrutable, flourishing Pop-Culture, boasting in prosperousness that unfolds far beyond South Korea’s borders. The article tries to examine this phenomenon in the aspect of Postcolonialism and Hyperkulturalität. Von den Leser*innen weltweit geliebt, von der deutschsprachigen Literaturkritik bekrittelt – Hermann Hesse nimmt eine brisante Position in der Literaturlandschaft ein. Obgleich der Enthusiasmus der westlichen Hesse Leser*innen in den letzten Jahrzehnten etwas nachgelassen hat, ist die Affinität für seine Werke in Ostasien hervorstechend – besonders im modernen Südkorea, indem Hesses Demian als Basis für ein Produkt dessen undurchschaubarer, florierender Populärkultur ebnet, welche weit über die Landesgrenzen hinaus Erfolge feiert. Der vorliegende Artikel versucht dieses Phänomen unter den Aspekten des Postkolonialismus und der Hyerpkulutralität zu untersuchen.

The Capabilities of Mycological Display in Determining the Potential Level of Pollution Landscape of Heavy Metal

Klimova Viktoria 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Determination of ochratoxin A in grains by immuno-ultrafiltration and HPLC-fluorescence detection after postcolumn derivatisation in an electrochemical cell.

Reiter, Elisabeth Viktoria,Cichna-Markl, Margit,Chung, Duck-Hwa,Shim, Won-Bo,Zentek, J?rgen,Razzazi-Fazeli, Ebrahim Springer-Verlag 2011 ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Vol.400 No.8

<P>The paper presents a new sample clean-up method based on immuno-ultrafiltration for the analysis of ochratoxin A in cereals. In contrast to immunoaffinity chromatography, in immuno-ultrafiltration, the antibodies are used in non-immobilised form. Ochratoxin A was extracted with ACN/water (60/40, v/v), and the extract was loaded onto the ultrafiltration device. After a washing step with phosphate-buffered saline, containing 0.05% Tween 20, ochratoxin A was eluted with MeOH/acetic acid (99/1, v/v). The detection of ochratoxin A was carried out with high-performance liquid chromatography and a fluorescence detector coupled to an electrochemical cell (Coring cell). The electrochemical cell was used to eliminate matrix interferences by oxidising matrix compounds. The method was validated by repeatedly analysing spiked barley and rye samples as well as a certified wheat reference material. Recoveries and standard deviations (1 SD) were found to be 71??9%, 77??12% and 77??8% in wheat, barley and rye, respectively. The limit of detection (S/N?=?3) and limit of quantitation (S/N?=?10) were determined to be 0.4 μg kg(-1) and 1 μg kg(-1). The analysis of the certified reference material resulted in ochratoxin A concentrations which were in the range assigned by the producer. Additionally, the effect of the electrochemical cell on other widely used clean-up techniques, namely the immunoaffinity clean-up and multifunctional columns (Mycosep #229), was evaluated. In all clean-up methods, an improvement of the chromatogram quality was registered.</P>

The impact of air contaminants on humidifier membrane performance

Daniel Ilk,Viktoria Frick,Christopher Hänel,Thomas Schiestel,Michael Schoemaker,Holger Kraus,Harry E. Hoster 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

Membrane humidifiers are often used to increase the performance and lifetime of polymer electrolytemembrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In order to avoid possible problems and consequential costs in later fuelcell applications due to the degradation of humidifier membranes, in this work five industrial humidifiermembranes (hollow fiber and flat sheet membranes in various material combinations) are tested againstfive pollutant gases from the environment (NO, NO2, NH3, SO2, O3). Herefor the water transfer capabilitiesbefore and after exposure to the pollutant gases is quantified. The results show that polyimides and fluoropolymersare degraded by ozone so that mechanical stability drastically decreases, so that they disintegrate. When polysulfone membranes are tested with pollutants a clear decline in water transfer can beseen over time. The decline of water transfer does not always seem to be due to the presence of harmfulgases but could also reflect physical degradation of the polymer. Perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based(PFSA) membranes are particularly sensitive to ammonia.

Intellectual Talent Of Higher Education Seekers: Theoretical Principles

Aryna Kharkivska,Viktoria Beskorsa,Svitlana Nikulenko,Oksana Onypchenko,Violetta Panchenko,Iryna Tolmachova International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.9

In order to achieve this goal, we consider the following issues: a retrospective analysis of the concepts of "giftedness", "intellectually gifted personality"; the experience of working with gifted youth abroad is analyzed; features of work with gifted student youth are revealed; educational and methodological support and practical work with gifted students are analyzed; an empirical study was conducted to determine the attitude of gifted youth to organizational forms of work with them; developed a scientific circle as a form of work with intellectually gifted student youth. A set of methods is used, in particular: theoretical methods: comparison, analysis, synthesis and generalization; empirical methods: analysis of documentation and results of pedagogical activity, observation.

The Evolving Epidemiology of Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Adults in Crete, Greece, 2009–2016

Sofia Maraki,Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki,Dimitra Stafylaki,George Hamilos,George Samonis 대한감염학회 2018 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.50 No.4

Background: Pneumococcal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in patients with comorbidities and advanced age. This study evaluated trends in epidemiology of adult pneumococcal disease in Crete, Greece, by identifying serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of consecutive Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from adults during an 8-year time period (2009–2016) and the indirect effect of the infant pneumococcal higher-valent conjugate vaccines 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by E-test and serotyping by Quellung reaction. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as non-susceptibility to penicillin (PNSP) combined with resistance to ≥2 non-β-lactam antimicrobials. Results: A total of 135 S. pneumoniae strains were isolated from adults during the study period. Twenty-one serotypes were identified with 17F, 15A, 3, 19A, and 11A, being the most common. The coverage rates of PCV10, and PCV13 were 17.8% and 37.8%, respectively. PCV13 serotypes decreased significantly from 68.4% in 2009 to 8.3% in 2016 (P = 0.002). The most important emerging non-PCV13 serotypes were 17F, 15A, and 11A, with 15A being strongly associated with antimicrobial resistance and MDR. Among all study isolates, penicillin-resistant and MDR strains represented 7.4% and 14.1%, respectively. Predominant PNSP serotypes were 19A (21.7%), 11A (17.4%), and 15A (17.4%). Erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and levofloxacin resistant rates were 30.4%, 15.6%, 16.3%, 16.3%, and 1.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Although pneumococcal disease continues to be a health burden in adults in Crete, our study reveals a herd protection effect of the infant pneumococcal higher-valent conjugate vaccination. Surveillance of changes in serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance among pneumococcal isolates are necessary to guide optimal prevention and treatment strategies.

The Mechanism of Labor Motivation as a Determinant of Economic Security of Enterprises in Competitive Conditions

Lagodiienko, Volodymyr,Samoilenko, Viktoria,Pasko, Maryna,Ovod, Larysa,Matsulevych, Yevgeniy International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.2

In the study of the mechanism of labor motivation as a determinant of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions, it was found that motivation is determinant in creating the conditions for production and ensuring the active functioning of the enterprise. It is substantiated that the motivational mechanism is the presence of a system of levers, incentives, measures and other elements for economic and administrative incentives for employees, which are used for incentives to work, increase productivity and safety, and more. The motivational mechanism plays an important role in ensuring the economic security of the enterprise and at the same time is a lever to increase competitiveness in the market. The functions of the mechanism of labor motivation are singled out, among which: explanatory-substantiating, regulative, communicative, socialization, regulating. The stages of occurrence of the motive for the employee are classified. The interrelation of motives and incentives in the mechanism of labor motivation as determinants of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions is proved. It is proved that the mechanism of labor motivation as a determinant of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions should be aimed at: assistance in forming and achieving goals and objectives of the enterprise and achieving balance and equilibrium of economic goals and social responsibility of the enterprise; ensuring close cooperation between management and employees of the enterprise; focus on building a flexible mechanism; transition to a democratic style of governance and involvement of employees in decision-making.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Clinical Serotypes between 2017 and 2022 in Crete, Greece

Maraki Sofia,Mavromanolaki Viktoria Eirini,Stafylaki Dimitra,Iliaki-Giannakoudaki Evangelia,Kasimati Anna,Hamilos George 대한감염학회 2024 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.56 No.1

Background Pneumococcal disease is still considered a global problem. With the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) serotype epidemiology changed, but antimicrobial resistance persists constituting a serious problem. The current study aimed to determine the serotype distribution and the antimicrobial susceptibility of recent Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, following implementation of the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Materials and Methods From January 2017 to December 2022 we evaluated 116 nonduplicate S. pneumoniae isolates collected from adult patients (21 - 98 years) cared for in the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped by the Quellung reaction, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using E-test. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in ≥3 classes of antibiotics. Results Among the 116 isolates, 31% were recognized as invasive pneumococcal strains, while 69% were non-invasive. The isolates tested belonged to 25 different serotypes. The most prevalent serotypes were 11A (10.3%), and 35B (10.3%), followed by 3 (9.5%), 15A (7.8%), 25F (6.9%), 19A (5.3%), 35F (5.3%), and others (44.6%). The coverage rates of PCV13 and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) were 26.7% and 57.8%, respectively. PCV13 and PPSV23 serotypes decreased between 2017 - 2019 and 2020 - 2022, with a parallel increase in the non-vaccine types. Resistance rates to erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, penicillin, levofloxacin, and ceftriaxone, were 40.5%, 21.6%, 13.8%, 12.1%, 3.4%, and 0%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin. MDR was observed among 36 (31%) S. pneumoniae isolates. Conclusion The increasing levels of resistance in S. pneumoniae in Crete, Greece, highlight the need for continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and development of strategies for its reduction, including antimicrobial stewardship programs, increased pneumococcal vaccination, and development of next generation PCVs with a wider serotype coverage. Background Pneumococcal disease is still considered a global problem. With the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) serotype epidemiology changed, but antimicrobial resistance persists constituting a serious problem. The current study aimed to determine the serotype distribution and the antimicrobial susceptibility of recent Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, following implementation of the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Materials and Methods From January 2017 to December 2022 we evaluated 116 nonduplicate S. pneumoniae isolates collected from adult patients (21 - 98 years) cared for in the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped by the Quellung reaction, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using E-test. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in ≥3 classes of antibiotics. Results Among the 116 isolates, 31% were recognized as invasive pneumococcal strains, while 69% were non-invasive. The isolates tested belonged to 25 different serotypes. The most prevalent serotypes were 11A (10.3%), and 35B (10.3%), followed by 3 (9.5%), 15A (7.8%), 25F (6.9%), 19A (5.3%), 35F (5.3%), and others (44.6%). The coverage rates of PCV13 and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) were 26.7% and 57.8%, respectively. PCV13 and PPSV23 serotypes decreased between 2017 - 2019 and 2020 - 2022, with a parallel increase in the non-vaccine types. Resistance rates to erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, penicillin, levofloxacin, and ceftriaxone, were 40.5%, 21.6%, 13.8%, 12.1%, 3.4%, and 0%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin. MDR was observed among 36 (31%) S. pneumoniae isolates. Conclusion The increasing levels of resistance in S. pneumoniae in Crete, Greece, highlight the need for continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and development of strategies for its reduction, including antimicrobial stewardship programs, increased pneumococcal vaccination, and development of next generation PCVs with a wider serotype coverage.

A 5-Year Surveillance Study on Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Greek Hospital

Sofia Maraki,Elpis Mantadakis,Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki,Diamantis P. Kofteridis,George Samonis 대한감염학회 2016 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.48 No.3

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major cause of nosocomial outbreaks. It is particularly associated with nosocomial pneumonia and bloodstream infections in immunocompromised and debilitated patients with serious underlying pathologies. Over the last two decades, a remarkable rise in the rates of multidrug resistance to most antimicrobial agents that are active against A. baumannii has been noted worldwide. We evaluated the rates of antimicrobial resistance and changes in resistance over a 5-year period (2010-2014) in A. baumannii strains isolated from hospitalized patients in a tertiary Greek hospital. Materials and Methods: Identification of A. baumannii was performed by standard biochemical methods and the Vitek 2 automated system, which was also used for susceptibility testing against 18 antibiotics: ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, tigecycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and colistin. Interpretation of susceptibility results was based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria, except for tigecycline, for which the Food and Drug Administration breakpoints were applied. Multidrug resistance was defined as resistance to ≥3 classes of antimicrobial agents. Results: Overall 914 clinical isolates of A. baumannii were recovered from the intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 493), and medical (n = 252) and surgical (n = 169) wards. Only 4.9% of these isolates were fully susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, while 92.89% of them were multidrug resistant (MDR), i.e., resistant to ≥3 classes of antibiotics. ICU isolates were the most resistant followed by isolates from surgical and medical wards. The most effective antimicrobial agents were, in descending order: colistin, amikacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tigecycline, and tobramycin. Nevertheless, with the exception of colistin, no antibiotic was associated with a susceptibility rate >40% for the entire study period. The most common phenotype showed resistance against ampicillin/sulbactam, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, and tigecycline. An extremely concerning increase in colistin-resistant isolates (7.9%) was noted in 2014, the most recent study year. Conclusion: The vast majority of A. baumannii clinical isolates in our hospital are MDR. The remaining therapeutic options for critically ill patients who suffer from MDR A. baumannii infections are severely limited, with A. baumannii beginning to develop resistance even against colistin. Scrupulous application of infection control practices should be implemented in every hospital unit. Lastly, given the lack of available therapeutic options for MDR A. baumannii infections, well-controlled clinical trials of combinations of existing antibiotics are clearly needed.

Analysis of Cylindricity Error of High and Low Temperature Storage Tested Alternator Stators

Varga Gyula,Ferencsik Viktoria 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.6

This paper investigates the internal shape correctness of alternator stators occurring in high and low temperature storage tests. This kind of failure can affect the adequate operation of alternators since vibrations can occur during rotation of the other part of the alternator, the rotor. This error can reduce the efficiency of the alternator. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of different testing parameters, such as the temperature and the running time of the test, and whether or not the stator is equipped with a damping element. For the experiments we used the full factorial experimental design method. The measurement of the cylindricity of the specimens was done with a circular and position error measuring machine. From the measured data, special improvement ratios can be calculated in order to define the appropriate range of testing parameters that resulting greater deformity. A further aim is to compare the different cylindricity parameters and the features of theirs measured values.