http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
장내세균에 의한 Trichothecene Mycotoxins의 대사 : (I) T-2 toxin의 대사
이웅수 忠州大學校 2008 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.43 No.-
Trichothecene mycotoxins are a chemically related group of toxic fungal metabolites produced by a number of species of the fungi such as Fusarium, Cephalosporium, Trichothecium, Myrothecium, Stachybotrys and Trichoderma, and are responsible for mycotoxicoses as causative agents in a wide variety of animal and human health problems. Especially, T-2 toxin is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp. such as F. tricinctum, F. poae and F. sporotrichioides etc., and is often found in agricultural products and feeds including cereals, and is a potent cytotoxic and immunodepressive trichothecene mycotoxin, and causative agent of moldy corn toxicosis and alimentary toxic aleukia(ATA), and induces acute toxicity such as leukocytosis, hemorrhage and dermal edema, followed by death in animals. In order to elucidate the possible metabolism of T-2 toxin by rat and human intestinal bacteria, this research was carried out. T-2 toxin transformed into HT-2 toxin and unknown metabolite by cultured intestinal bacteria in the anaerobic condition. The amount of HT-2 toxin was decreased, but unknown metabolite was increased by subsequent incubation. This metabolite was elucidated to deepoxy HT-2 toxin by NMR and mass spectra data. It was suggested that T-2 toxin was deepoxidized after deacetylation to HT-2 toxin by the intestinal bacteria. This deepoxy HT-2 toxin was transformed into HT-2 toxin and 15-deacetyl-deepoxy HT-2 toxin by liver microsome of PCB-treated rat in the presence of NADPH and oxygen. These results suggest that the epoxide group of trichothecene mycotoxins is reduced by intestinal bacteria and re-oxidized by hepatic microsomal enzyme of rat.
설사환자의 대변에서 분리한 세균성 병원체의 특성 조사 II. Staphylococcus aureus의 분리·동정 및 항생제에 대한 내성 조사
이웅수 忠州大學校 2010 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.45 No.-
I investigated the characterization of bacterial pathogens on 2,270 stool specimens, which was collected from dysentery patients for one year, 2007 Detection of enteric bacteria in stool of diarrheal patient was performed according to the procedure of routine protocol such as culture and multiplex PCR method. Biochemical test for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) was performed by API Staphy kit. In order to cofirm of toxin type, I also carried out serological test. Among 456 isolates of bacterial pathogen isolated from the collected stool, S. aureus was 74 isolates(toxin A type 16, C type 9, D type 1, non-toxin type 48). Detection rate of S. aureus in dysentery patients was the higher in April, August and December, and in children below 10 years old(66.2%). In addition, S. aureus in male was isolated higher rate than their in female. Antibiotics resistance rate on the each toxin type S. aureus showed that type A is AM > PC > EM, OC > TC > CP > CT > CM > GM, IP > CI > ChP > TM/SM, RP, and type C is AM, PC, EM, OC > CP, CM, TC > CT, CI, IP > GM > TM/SM, RP, and type D is only 100% on AM, PC and TC. In the present study, I focused to investigate the incidence and antibiotics resistance patterns in each toxin type S. aureus related diarrheal patients. These results were very helpful to make preventive method for infectious disease causing bacterial gastroenteritis, especially, food poisoning by enteric bacterial infection.
여주 건조분말 함유식이가 고콜레스테롤 혈증 Rat의 혈청성분에 미치는 영향
이웅수 忠州大學校 2007 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.42 No.-
This research was carried out to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effects of diets containing bitter gourd(Momordica charantia, MC; Yeoju) powder in Sprague-Dawley male rats. After 2 weeks feeding with basal diet, 6 week old rats were fed with basal diet, diets containing 1% cholesterol, and 1% MC, 5% MC and 10% MC powder with 1% cholesterol for 2, 4 and 6 week. And then I measured the levels of glucose, triglyceride, total-, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol, and the activities of GOT, GPT in the serum of rats. The levels of triglyceride and total-cholesterol in the serum of rats were decreased remarkably in the groups fed with diet contained more 5% MC powder compared to the basal diet group for 2weeks. The levels of LDL-cholesterol were decreased in the all groups fed with diet contained MC power for 4weeks, especially groups fed with contained more 5% MC powder were more effective than the other groups, but the decrease of HDL-cholesterol level was not effective in all diet groups contained MC powder. The levels of blood sugar were decreased in all MC powder diet groups, and the decreased levels were more effective in the groups fed with diet contained more MC powder. The activities of GOT and GPT were also decreased in all MC powder diet groups. In conclusion, diets contained MC powder were effective in the decrease of triglyceride, total- and LDL-cholesterol, and glucose levels, and GOT and GPT activities in the serum of rats
李雄洙 忠州大學校 1998 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.2
It has been reported that several anthraquinone compounds possess mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Emodin is one of the anthraquinone mycotoxins, and a constituent of several herb medicine used as laxative such as Rhei Rhizoma(rhubarb), Cassiae Semen(cassia seed) and Aloe. Emodin was selected as a model compound to solve a carcinogenic mechanism of the anthraquinone mycotoxins and to evaluate the safety of herb medicine. In this research, the mutagenicity and metabolic reaction of emodin were investigated with the purified cytochrome P-450s. In Ames test with the reconstituted cytochrome P-450 system derived from the hepatic microsomes of PB-induced rats, the mutagenicity of emodin activated with the fractionⅡ(P-448 type) was significantly higher than with the fraction Ⅰ(P-450 type). TLC analysis of the metabolites revealed that among 8 isozymes of P-450 type(Ⅰ-a, b, c, d) and P-448 type(Ⅱ-a, b, c, d), only ω-OH-emodin was detected on the TLC plate when emodin was incubated with 4 isozymes of P-450 type(Ⅰ-a, b, c, d). Whereas, 2-, 4-, 7-, ω-OH-emodin were detected in the metabolites produced by P-448 type(Ⅱ-a, b, c, d). Of 8 isozymes, Ⅱ-a possessed the highest activity in the production of 2-OH-emodin, a direct-acting mutagen. This Ⅱ-a was also represented to catalyze the hydroxylation of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A into aflatoxin M1 and 4(R)-4-hydroxy-ochratoxin A, respectively. It was suggested that P-448 types play an important role in the metabolic activation of emodin.
Fusarium 속 곰팡이가 생산하는 Mycotoxin인 Nivalenol의 발암성에 관한 연구
李雄洙 충주대 산업과학기술연구소 2000 産業科學論文集 Vol.8 No.-
Nivalenol(NIV), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp., was significantly contaminated to cereals such as barley, polished barley, wheat, malt and corn, and animal feeds at high level and high frequency throughout the world. Therefore, I was carried out this research to evaluate the toxicological effects especially carcinogenicity of NIV in mice during 2 years feeding trial. In 2 years feeding period, the survival rates were 52, 52, 48 and 69% in the groups given 0, 6, 12 and 30ppm NIV, respectively. Lethal case was not observed in the 30ppm group until 18 months feeding period. Mean survival days in each group for 2 years feeding period were 565, 629, 654 and 719 days. These results indicated the increase of life span in the NIV-treated groups. The incidence rates of total tumor after 2 years feeding trial were 50, 66, 59 and 56% in each groups, respectively. Most of tumors observed in control and NIV-treated groups were lymphomas which spontaneously occurred at high frequency. There was no significant difference in the tumor incidence rate between control and NIV-treated groups. The results of this research showed that NIV was not carcinogenic substance, and reversely increased life scan according to the concentration of NIV in mice.
김정민,이문수 한국의류산업학회 2004 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.6 No.4
We studied on the bleaching properties of silk fabric by vapor type ozone processing using ozone's strong oxidation instead of 28% H202 chemical treatment. When vapor type ozone processing was directly treated to fabrics retaining water to 50?70% pick up ratio, high concentration ozone was generated 14,000ppm(168 mg/h) approximately and finally its bleaching improved. The fabric's bleaching effect was improved because vapor type ozone generated the highest decomposition to oxidation of surface and inter molecules. The experiment revealed that fabric's bleaching was improved by change of the pick-up ratio of vapor type ozone processing. However, tensile strength and elongation were reduced by increase of time, and the time that was assumed as the most optimized time to minimize the reduction of fabric's tensile strength and elongation as well as maximizing the fabric's bleaching was 30 minutes.
李雄洙 충주대 2000 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.2
In order to survey the contamination of Fusarium mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol(DON), nivalenol (NIV), fusarenon-X(FX), 3-acetyl -DON, zeararenone (ZEN), fumonisin B1(FB1) and B2 (FB2) in cereals harvested in 1999, 61 samples (barley : 15, polished barley : 20, wheat : 10, corn : 16) were collected from the different farms and markets in Chungju city. The results of this survey showed that 87%, 93% and 93% of the barley samples were contaminates with DON, NIV and ZEN, respectively.Average concentrations(㎍/㎏) in barley were 83(DON), 229(NIV) and 55(ZEN).In polished barley samples, incidences of DON, NIV and ZEN were 85%, 90% and 55%, and average concentrations of those were 27ppb,55ppb and 9ppb, respectively.In wheat samples, incidences of those were 60%(DON), 90%(NIV) and 60%(ZEN), and average concentrations of those were 29ppb(DON), 106ppb(NIV) and 28ppb(ZEN).In corn Samples, incidences of DON, NIV, ZEN, FB1 and FB2 were 75%, 81%, 75%, 50% and 44%, and average concentrations of those were 114ppb, 107ppb, 136ppb, 265ppb and 312ppb, respectively.Neither FX nor 3-acetyl-DON was detected from all the samples.FB1 and FB2 were only detected from the corn samples.
이웅수 忠州大學校 2003 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.38 No.2
In this research, whether dietary vitamin E has a direct functional effect on the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in mitchondria, and whether dietary vitamin E influence the formation of free iron in rat tissues were determined. Additionally, if altered iron release is linked to the degree of peroxidative damage was determined. The results clearly showed that dietary vitamin E markedly reduced hydrogen peroxide production in the mitochondria of liver and skeletal muscle of both male and female rats in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the data showed that deprivation of vitamin E resulted in an increase of free iron in the skeletal muscle and spleen of male rats and liver, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, and spleen of female rats. Supplementation with vitamin E significantly decreased the levels of free iron in the skeletal muscle of both male and female rats. Also, the levels of free iron were significantly inversely related to the concentration of supplemented vitamin E in the skeletal muscle, kidney, and spleen of male rats and liver, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, and spleen of female rats. Deprivation of vitamin E caused a significant increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactants(TBARS) in the liver, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, and spleen of both male and female rats. Vitamin E does-dependently decreased TBARS in the liver and kidney of male rats and liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney of female rats. The results obtained from this research indicate that vitamin E regulates mitochondrial generation of ROS and attenuates the release of iron from its protein complexes. The results also suggest that the overprodution of mitochondrial ROS is the first event leading to tissue damage observed in vitamin E-deficiency syndromes and that formation of free iron is the first event of oxidative tissue damage.