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Uduak-Obong I. Ekanem,Łukasz Olewnik,Andrea Porzionato,Veronica Macchi,Joe Iwanaga,Marios Loukas,Aaron S. Dumont,Raffaele De Caro,R. Shane Tubbs 대한해부학회 2022 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.55 No.2
Although adequate venous drainage from the cranium is imperative for maintaining normal intracranial pressure, the bony anatomy surrounding the inferior petrosal sinus and the potential for a compressive canal or tunnel has, to our knowledge, not been previously investigated. One hundred adult human skulls (200 sides) were observed and documented for the presence or absence of an inferior petrosal groove or canal. Measurements were made and a classification developed to help better understand their anatomy and discuss it in future reports. We identified an inferior petrosal sinus groove (IPSG) in the majority of specimens. The IPSG began anteriorly where the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone articulated with the sphenoid part of the clivus, traveled posteriorly, in a slight medial to lateral course, primarily just medial to the petro-occipital fissure, and ended at the anteromedial aspect of the jugular foramen. When the IPSGs were grouped into five types. In type I specimens, no IPSG was identified (10.0%), in type II specimens, a partial IPSG was identified (6.5%), in type III specimens, a complete IPSG (80.0%) was identified, in type IV specimens, a partial IPS tunnel was identified (2.5%), and in type V specimens, a complete tunnel (1.0%) was identified. An improved knowledge of the bony pathways that the intracranial dural venous sinuses take as they exit the cranium is clinically useful. Radiological interpretation of such bony landmarks might improve patient diagnoses and surgically, such anatomy could decrease patient morbidity during approaches to the posterior cranial fossa.
Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa- A Review of Epidemiology, Genetics and Access to Care.
Uduak Williams,Olivier Bandmann,Richard Walker 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2018 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.11 No.2
A low prevalence of Parkinson’s disease has been reported in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. Genetic causes and indeed the clinical features of Parkinson’s disease are poorly described. Very few reports have examined the availability and access to evidence-based quality care for people living with Parkinson’s disease in the region. We reviewed all publications focusing on idiopathic Parkinson’s disease from Sub-Saharan Africa published up to May 2016 and observed a prevalence of Parkinson’s disease ranging between 7/100,000 in Ethiopia to 67/100,000 in Nigeria. The most recent community based study reported a mean age at onset of 69.4 years. Infrequent occurrence of mutations in established Parkinson’s disease genes was also observed in the region. Treatments were non-existent or at best irregular. There is also a lack of well trained medical personnel and multidisciplinary teams in most countries in the region. Drugs for treating Parkinson’s disease are either not available or unaffordable. Large-scale genetic and epidemiological studies are therefore needed in Sub-Saharan Africa to provide further insight into the role of genetics and other aetiological factors in the pathogenesis Parkinson’s disease. The quality of care currently available also needs urgent improvement to meet the basis level of care required by Parkinson’s disease patients.