Fabrication of alignment layer free flexible liquid crystal cells using thermal nanoimprint lithography

Tzu-Chieh Lin,Shao-Chi Yu,Pei-Shiang Chen,Kai-Yuan Chi,Han-Chang Pan,Chih-Yu Chao 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

In this article, thermal nanoimprint lithography (thermal-NIL) has been utilized to transfer the microgroove pattern onto the plastic substrate. Without coating alignment polymer, the microgrooves on the flexible substrates can align liquid crystals (LCs) directly. The flexible LC cell is shown to maintain comparable electro-optical properties while bending. The plastic film and the alignment layer integrated into an alignment substrate could effectively prevent cracks of the additional polymer alignment layer during the bending process. This method is applicable to the roll-to-roll process to increase the production efficiency. In this article, thermal nanoimprint lithography (thermal-NIL) has been utilized to transfer the microgroove pattern onto the plastic substrate. Without coating alignment polymer, the microgrooves on the flexible substrates can align liquid crystals (LCs) directly. The flexible LC cell is shown to maintain comparable electro-optical properties while bending. The plastic film and the alignment layer integrated into an alignment substrate could effectively prevent cracks of the additional polymer alignment layer during the bending process. This method is applicable to the roll-to-roll process to increase the production efficiency.

Dynamic capabilities for smart manufacturing transformation by manufacturing enterprises

Lin Tzu-Chieh,Sheng Margaret L.,Jeng Wang Kung 기술경영경제학회 2020 ASIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION Vol.28 No.3

The article compares patenting patterns in China with the United States, South Korea, Japan and Europe, using the case of graphene, 2011–2015. It aims to reveal unique features of patenting in China and identify patent descriptors, diverging from international tendencies and relevant for economic modelling. Hypotheses rely on variables such as: counts of inventors, applicants, technology classes, countries selected for international patenting and geographical origins of patent citations. The research uses quantitative techniques (descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Jaccard index and social network metrics). Using multiple analytical perspectives, the study demonstrates the specificity of Chinese patents and their limited comparability with documents from other patent offices. This has important implications for the development of economic models, which need to take into account the identified incommensurability in cross-country patent data and avoid direct comparisons of data from China and other patent systems owing to the unique features and functions of patents in China.

TV 쇼핑 채널에서 판매하는 보험상품의 구매의도에 관한 연구

( Chieh Wei Hung ),( Hyun Jee Kim ),( Hui Tzu Lin ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2013 유통정보학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구에서는 인구통계학적 변수와 TV 쇼핑 구매경험, 단일 지출 최대 금액을 독립변수로 하여, 종속변수인 TV 쇼핑 채널에서 판매된 보험 상풍에 대한 소비자들의 구매 의도를 분석하였다. 인구통계학적 변수 중소비자들의 결혼상태와 소득 수준, 자녀의 수가 소비자들의 구매의도에 영향을 주는 의미 있는 변수로 분석되었다. 특히, 중산층이며 부양 자녀를 둔 소비자들은 이러한 보험 상품에 대하여 높은 구매의도를 보이고 있었다. 더불어 지금까지 TV 쇼핑 채널에서 보험 상품이나 주방기구를 구입한 경험이 있는 소비자일수록 TV 쇼핑 채널에서 판매되는 보험 상품을 재구입하고자 하는 의도를 강하게 가지고 있었다. 또한 TV 쇼핑에서 한 번에 160만 원 이상을 지출한 소비자일수록 TV 쇼핑 채널에서 판매되는 보험 상품을 구매하고자 하는 의도가 더 높았다. In this study, we investigated the determinants of consumers` purchase intention of insurance products sold On TV channel in Korea. Among the demographic variables, consumers` marital status, income level and the number of children are significant variables for consumers` purchase intention. Consumers of middle income class and having dependent children have significant intention to purchase the insurance products. Besides, consumers who have ever purchased insurance products or kitchen utensils on TV shopping channel before, have significantly high intention to buy the insurance products. The higher the amount spent on TV shopping at a single time, the higher intention of consumers to purchase insurance products sold on TV shopping channel.

Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

Tzu-Yi Lin,Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang,Shih-Chieh Shao,Edward Chia-Cheng Lai,Sunir J. Garg,Kuan-Jen Chen,Je-Ho Kang,Wei-Chi Wu,Chi-Chun Lai,Yih-Shiou Hwang 대한당뇨병학회 2023 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.47 No.3

Background: To compare risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) between patients taking sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and those taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) in routine care.Methods: This retrospective cohort study emulating a target trial included patient data from the multi-institutional Chang Gung Research Database in Taiwan. Totally, 33,021 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using SGLT2is and GLP1-RAs between 2016 and 2019 were identified. 3,249 patients were excluded due to missing demographics, age <40 years, prior use of any study drug, a diagnosis of retinal disorders, a history of receiving vitreoretinal procedure, no baseline glycosylated hemoglobin, or no follow-up data. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity scores. DR diagnoses and vitreoretinal interventions served as the primary outcomes. Occurrence of proliferative DR and DR receiving vitreoretinal interventions were regarded as vision-threatening DR.Results: There were 21,491 SGLT2i and 1,887 GLP1-RA users included for the analysis. Patients receiving SGLT2is and GLP-1 RAs exhibited comparable rate of any DR (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 1.03), whereas the rate of proliferative DR (SHR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.68) was significantly lower in the SGLT2i group. Also, SGLT2i users showed significantly reduced risk of composite surgical outcome (SHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.70).Conclusion: Compared to those taking GLP1-RAs, patients receiving SGLT2is had a lower risk of proliferative DR and vitreoretinal interventions, although the rate of any DR was comparable between the SGLT2i and GLP1-RA groups. Thus, SGLT2is may be associated with a lower risk of vision-threatening DR but not DR development.

Color and Sensory Characteristics of Chicken Patties as Affected by Irradiation and Storage Temperature

Ju Tzu Chuang(추앙제이티),Young Hyoun Yi(이영현),Tsun Chieh Chen(첸티씨) 한국식품과학회 1991 한국식품과학회지 Vol.23 No.4

Quality Change of Marinated Chicken Drummettes as Affected by Vacuum Packing, 'Rub', Storage Temperature and Additives

Ju-Tzu Chuang(추앙 제이티),Tsun Chieh Chen(첸티씨),In Hak Jeong(정인학),Young Hyoun Yi(이영현) 한국식품과학회 1991 한국식품과학회지 Vol.23 No.6

The International Development Strategy of Les Enphants Roots in China Market

Shu Tzu Huang,Hsin Ying Cho,Yin Chieh Hsu 한국복식학회 2014 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.14 No.1

Facing a mature domestic market and the challenges of the global consumer market, retailers in Taiwan are in pursuit of international development strategies for increasing its market opportunities as one of its key growth strategies. In the global market, the Chinese market becomes Taiwan retailers’ main international development milestone due to its similarity of language, culture and historical background with China. Therefore, this research uses case study method based on Eclectic paradigm (Dunning 1981) to explore the various advantages of a Taiwanese children’s clothing retailer Les Enphants, which include ownership advantage, internalization advantage, and location advantage. These advantages in turn demonstrate rationales behind Les Enphants’ internationalization necessity (Why to Go), selecting China as an expansion target (Where to Go), and management and operation strategies implemented in China (How to Go). Our study highlights a successful entry and expansion model of the Taiwanese children clothing retailer, and may have solid contribution to the practical application of internationalization strategy theory.

The International Development Strategy of Les Enphants Roots in China Market

Huang, Shu-Tzu,Cho, Hsin-Ying,Hsu, Yin-Chieh The Korean Society of Costume 2014 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.14 No.1

Facing a mature domestic market and the challenges of the global consumer market, retailers in Taiwan are in pursuit of international development strategies for increasing its market opportunities as one of its key growth strategies. In the global market, the Chinese market becomes Taiwan retailers' main international development milestone due to its similarity of language, culture and historical background with China. Therefore, this research uses case study method based on Eclectic paradigm (Dunning 1981) to explore the various advantages of a Taiwanese children's clothing retailer Les Enphants, which include ownership advantage, internalization advantage, and location advantage. These advantages in turn demonstrate rationales behind Les Enphants' internationalization necessity (Why to Go), selecting China as an expansion target (Where to Go), and management and operation strategies implemented in China (How to Go). Our study highlights a successful entry and expansion model of the Taiwanese children clothing retailer, and may have solid contribution to the practical application of internationalization strategy theory.

An Efficient Parallel Machine Learning-based Blockchain Framework

Chun-Wei Tsai,Yi-Ping Chen,Tzu-Chieh Tang,Yu-Chen Luo 한국통신학회 2021 ICT Express Vol.7 No.3

The unlimited possibilities of machine learning have been shown in several successful reports and applications. However, how to make sure that the searched results of a machine learning system are not tampered by anyone and how to prevent the other users in the same network environment from easily getting our private data are two critical research issues when we immerse into powerful machine learning-based systems or applications. This situation is just like other modern information systems that confront security and privacy issues. The development of blockchain provides us an alternative way to address these two issues. That is why some recent studies have attempted to develop machine learning systems with blockchain technologies or to apply machine learning methods to blockchain systems. To show what the combination of blockchain and machine learning is capable of doing, in this paper, we proposed a parallel framework to find out suitable hyperparameters of deep learning in a blockchain environment by using a metaheuristic algorithm. The proposed framework also takes into account the issue of communication cost, by limiting the number of information exchanges between miners and blockchain.

Bidirectional Hybrid DWDM-PON for HDTV/Gigabit Ethernet/CATV Applications

Hai-Han Lu,Wen-Shing Tsai,Tzu-Shen Chien,Shih-Hung Chen,Yu-Chieh Chi,Che-Wei Liao 한국전자통신연구원 2007 ETRI Journal Vol.29 No.2

A new scheme for bi-directional HDTV/Gigabit Ethernet/CATV transmission over a hybrid densewavelength- division-multiplexing passive optical network (DWDM-PON) is proposed and demonstrated. It is based on injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and distributed-feedback laser diodes as transmitters. Services with 129 HDTV channels, a 1.25 Gbps Gigabit Ethernet connection, and 77 CATV channels are successfully demonstrated over 40 km single-mode fiber links. Good performance of bit error rate, carrier-to-noise ratio, composite second order, and composite triple beat is achieved in our proposed bidirectional DWDM-PON.