Phonological Changes in Cantonese-English Code-Mixing for ESL Learners in Hong Kong and Their Attitudes Toward Code-Mixing

Tzi Dong Ng,Hsueh Chu Chen 아시아영어교육학회 2016 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.13 No.3

The purposes of this study were (a) to identify how ESL learners make phonological changes in English words in a code-mixing context; and (b) to examine ESL learners’ attitudes toward Cantonese-accented English and code-mixing in the classroom setting. Two groups of learners with high proficiency (HP) and mid-level proficiency (MP) were recruited to participate in the research. A specially designed codemixed script, an English translated version, and a list of isolated English words served as the tasks for collecting phonological data. A questionnaire survey was then used to examine participants’ opinions on code-mixing and its effects on pronunciation learning. The results showed that HP and MP learners pronounced numerous words similarly in a Cantonese-accented manner; however, MP learners were less likely to switch back to the correct pronunciation when the context of code-mixing was changed to pure English or when given a list of isolated English words. The survey results found that MP learners tended to be slightly more positive toward Cantonese-accented English and the use of a mixed code in English as a medium of instruction classrooms. Nonetheless, the use of code-mixing was less preferred in English lessons for learners of both groups. More HP learners considered Cantonese-accented English as a symbol of identity as Hongkongers than MP learners.

Biocatalysis and Bioprocess Engineering : < Note >: Improving 3`-Hydroxygenistein Production in Recombinant Pichia pastoris Using Periodic Hydrogen Peroxide-Shocking Strategy

( Tzi Yuan Wang ),( Yi Hsuan Tsai ),( I Zen Yu ),( Te Sheng Chang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.3

3`-Hydroxygenistein can be obtained from the biotransformation of genistein by the engineered Pichia pastoris X-33 strain, which harbors a fusion gene composed of CYP57B3 from Aspergillus oryzae and a cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene (sCPR) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. P. pastoris X-33 mutants with higher 3`-hydroxygenistein production were selected using a periodic hydrogen peroxide-shocking strategy. One mutant (P2-D14-5) produced 23.0 mg/l of 3`-hydroxygenistein, representing 1.87-fold more than that produced by the recombinant X-33. When using a 5 L fermenter, the P2-D14-5 mutant produced 20.3 mg/l of 3`-hydroxygenistein, indicating a high potential for industrial-scale 3`-hydroxygenistein production.

The Influence of Foreign Travel on Adult Learning

Liou Tzi Li,Chiu Zone Wang 한국문화관광학회 2009 문화관광연구 Vol.11 No.1

This study attempted to understand the influence of foreign travel on adults` learning. This study adopted qualitative interviews to collect information needed for the research. Five adults with foreign travel experience and two staffs of travel agencies were interviewed. The research results are as the following. First, the styles that adults engaged in foreign travel include ecotourism, historical remains, sports tourism, leisure and entertainment, delicious food and shopping, business tourism, and so forth. Second, the factors which influence adult to participate in foreign travel include economic condition, culture identification, health condition, language ability, adaptation ability to changes, information collection, complete plans. Third, adult participation in foreign travel has learning effects such as the knowledge acquisition, culture interaction, enhancement of sport ability, change of value standard, making new friends.

Continuous production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate): Effects of C/N ratio and dilution rate on HB/HV ratio

Shwu-Tzy Wu,Yi-Chun Lin,Jui-Rze Too 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.2

Ralstonia eutropha was cultivated in a continuous stirred fermenter with various C/N ratios (20, 30, and 40), dilution rates, and organic salt substrates (sodium propionate or sodium valerate) to explore the microbial growth and the poly(3HB-co-3HV) accumulation. When sodium propionate was used as the secondary carbon source, the HB/HV molar ratio at various C/N ratios and dilution rates did not change appreciably (approximately 90 : 10). The highest poly(3HB-co-3HV) content in biomass (41.8%) and poly(3HB-co-3HV) productivity (0.100 g/(L·h)) occurred under the condition with a C/N ratio of 20 and dilution rate of 0.06 h−1. When sodium valerate was used as the secondary carbon source, the productivity of poly(3HB-co-3HV) increased with increasing dilution rate for the C/N ratio of 30 and 40. The average HB/HV molar ratio ranged from 48 : 52 to 78 : 32. The feeding of sodium valerate promoted the accumulation of HV better than feeding sodium propionate did. This study shows that a potential strategy of manipulating by both C/N ratio and dilution rate could be used to control the HV unit fraction in poly(3HB-co-3HV) in a continuous cultivation.

The Influence of Foreign Travel on Adult Learning

Liou,Tzi-Li,Wang,Chiu-Zone 한국문화관광학회 2009 문화관광연구 Vol.11 No.1

This study attempted to understand the influence of foreign travel on adults’ learning. This study adopted qualitative interviews to collect information needed for the research. Five adults with foreign travel experience and two staffs of travel agencies were interviewed. The research results are as the following. First, the styles that adults engaged in foreign travel include ecotourism, historical remains, sports tourism, leisure and entertainment, delicious food and shopping, business tourism, and so forth. Second, the factors which influence adult to participate in foreign travel include economic condition, culture identification, health condition, language ability, adaptation ability to changes, information collection, complete plans. Third, adult participation in foreign travel has learning effects such as the knowledge acquisition, culture interaction, enhancement of sport ability, change of value standard, making new friends.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lectin from the Wild Mushroom Oudemansiella radicata (Relhan.: Fr.) Sing.

Qin Liu,Tzi BunNg,He Xiang Wang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3

A novel lectin (ORL), with a molecular mass of 30 kDa and a unique amino acid sequence, was purified from dried fruiting bodies of the mushroom Oudemansiella radicata (Relhan.: Fr.) Sing. ORL is a dimer made of two 15-kDa subunits. The purification procedure encompassed ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and QSepharose and fast protein liquid chromatography-gel filtration on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinating activity of ORL was stable at temperatures up to 70oC and between pH 2.0 ~ 11.0, and was reduced at higher temperatures, and under acidic and alkaline conditions. The activity was activated by Cu2+, Al3+, Fe3+, and Pb2+ ions, and inhibited by Hg2+ and Fe2+ ions. ORL showed no specificity toward the carbohydrates tested. Unlike previously reported mushroom lectins, ORL had no inhibitory effect on HIV-1reverse transcriptase and proliferation of hepatoma HepG2cells, as well as breast cancer MCF7 cells, when tested up to 500 μM.

Prevalence of High Blood Pressure and its Relationship with Body Weight Factors among Inpatients with Schizophrenia in Taiwan

Yu-Li Lan,Tzy-Ling Chen 한국간호과학회 2012 Asian Nursing Research Vol.6 No.1

Purpose: The objective of this study was to document the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and to explore its relationship with weight among inpatients with schizophrenia. Additionally, other possible risk factors impacting BP levels in relation to patients’ demographic characteristics and use of atypical antipsychotic drugs and medications to reduce blood pressure were analyzed. Methods: Using medical records, demographic data, and results of physical examination, this crosssectional study investigated the prevalence of hypertension and high BP and its association with body weight among 1,030 inpatients with schizophrenia in a large psychiatric facility in Taiwan. Results: The prevalence of high BP and hypertension were found to be higher among inpatients with schizophrenia in Taiwan in comparison with those of the general population in line with the latest evidence. Hypertensionwas significantly associated with body mass index; meanwhile, other risk factors,including age, gender, length of hospital stay, time since initial schizophrenia diagnosis, medications used to reduce blood pressure, and atypical antipsychotics, were identified. However, body mass index was the most effective predictor of blood pressure in the study. Conclusion: The findings of this research shed light on the importance of developing effective weight and blood pressure monitoring and management programs for inpatients with schizophrenia. There is also a need for clinical nurses to employ multiple behavioral intervention strategies to minimize risks of high BP in patients with schizophrenia. We recommend that clinical nurses carefully monitor and control BP among inpatients with schizophrenia. Purpose: The objective of this study was to document the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and to explore its relationship with weight among inpatients with schizophrenia. Additionally, other possible risk factors impacting BP levels in relation to patients’ demographic characteristics and use of atypical antipsychotic drugs and medications to reduce blood pressure were analyzed. Methods: Using medical records, demographic data, and results of physical examination, this crosssectional study investigated the prevalence of hypertension and high BP and its association with body weight among 1,030 inpatients with schizophrenia in a large psychiatric facility in Taiwan. Results: The prevalence of high BP and hypertension were found to be higher among inpatients with schizophrenia in Taiwan in comparison with those of the general population in line with the latest evidence. Hypertensionwas significantly associated with body mass index; meanwhile, other risk factors,including age, gender, length of hospital stay, time since initial schizophrenia diagnosis, medications used to reduce blood pressure, and atypical antipsychotics, were identified. However, body mass index was the most effective predictor of blood pressure in the study. Conclusion: The findings of this research shed light on the importance of developing effective weight and blood pressure monitoring and management programs for inpatients with schizophrenia. There is also a need for clinical nurses to employ multiple behavioral intervention strategies to minimize risks of high BP in patients with schizophrenia. We recommend that clinical nurses carefully monitor and control BP among inpatients with schizophrenia.

Isolation and Characterization of a Trypsin Inhibitor and a Lectin from Glycine max cv. Large Black Soybean

Xiu Juan Ye,Tzi BunNg 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.5

Trypsin inhibitors and lectins are defense proteins produced by many organisms. From Chinese ‘Large Black Soybeans’, a 60 kDa lectin and a 20 Da trypsin inhibitor (TI) were isolated using chromatography on Q-Sepharose, Mono Q, and Superdex 75. The TI inhibited trypsin and chymotrypsin with an IC?? of 5.7 and 5 μM, respectively. Trypsin inhibitory activity of the TI was stable from pH 3 to 13 and from 0 to 65℃. Hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was stable from pH 2 to 13 and from 0 to 65℃. The TI was inhibited by dithiothreitol, signifying the importance of disulfide bond. The TI and the lectin inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC??=44 and 26 μM), and proliferation of breast cancer cells (IC??=42 and 13.5 μM) and hepatoma cells (IC??=96 and 17 μM). The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was inhibited most potently by Larabinose. Neither the lectin nor the TI displayed antifungal activity.

Relationship between Smoking and Abdominal Aorta Calcification on Computed Tomography

Jin-Gyu Jung,Li-Tzy Wu,김종성,Eung-Du Kim,Seok-Joon Yoon 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.40 No.4

Background: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of atherosclerosis, which often develops as vascular calcification on radiologic examinations. This study evaluated the relationship between smoking-related factors and incidental abdominal aorta calcification (AAC) detected by computed tomography (CT) among middle-aged and elderly men.Methods: We assessed the abdominal CT findings of 218 men aged 40 to 81 years who underwent health check-ups. The associations between smoking factors and AAC were analyzed using logistic regression analysis to adjust for confounding variables such as age, lifestyle factors, and chronic diseases.Results: Adjusting for confounding variables, the risk of AAC was significantly increased in association with smok-ing for at least 20 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82–14.93), smoking 10+ pack-years (10–20 pack-years: AOR, 4.54; 95% CI, 1.07–5.68; >20 pack-years: AOR, 5.28; 95% CI, 2.10–13.31), and a history of smoking (former smoker: AOR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.07–5.68; current smoker: AOR, 5.05; 95% CI, 2.08–12.26). In terms of the daily smoking amount, even a low smoking level increased the risk of AAC.Conclusion: These findings suggest that smoking for 20+ years, smoking 10+ pack-years, and even a low level of smoking daily increases the likelihood of developing AAC. Clinicians should recommend that patients quit smok-ing and stress the importance of smoking duration when promoting health in middle-aged and elderly patients.

Examine the moderating role of mobile technology anxiety in mobile learning: a modified model of goal-directed behavior

Huang, Rui-Ting,Jabor, Mohd Khata,Tang, Tzy-Wen,Chang, Sheng-Chun 서울대학교 교육연구소 2022 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.23 No.1

Although there are numerous mobile learning studies, limited efforts have been devoted to investigating the moderating role of mobile technology anxiety on mobile learning outcome. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study is not only to examine the key elements that could influence desire to take mobile learning and mobile learning continuance intention, but also to explore the moderating impact of mobile technology anxiety on mobile learning outcome. 676 college students participated in this study, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed to analyze the data. The study findings have demonstrated that desire to take mobile learning, attitude toward mobile learning, and perceived usefulness are positively linked to mobile learning continuance intention. Second, it has been found that attitude, positive anticipated emotion, negative anticipated emotion, and subjective norm play a key role in determining better desire to take mobile learning, whereas perceived behavioral control has no impact on desire to take mobile learning. Additionally, it has been shown that perceived usefulness, and personal learning initiative are two critical antecedents of attitude toward mobile learning. Finally, the study findings have shown that mobile technology anxiety would moderate the relationship between attitude toward mobile learning and mobile learning continuance intention.