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周翠蘭 慶熙大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.20 No.-
본 論文은 中國三十年代文學에서 큰비중을 차지하는 有名한 長篇小設作家 茅盾의 "子夜"란 作品의 創作過程에 대해 살펴봤다. 茅盾은 一九二○年代初期부터 有名한 現實主義文藝評論家로 活動해왔지만 그의 小說創作은 늦은 一九二七年때 始作했다. 물론 그의 創作家로서의 成功은 오랫동안 批評家로 硏究하여 얻은 풍부한 文學理論의 뒷받침때문에 가능하게 되었다. 그래서 筆者는 먼저 茅盾의 "子夜"가 創作되기 직전의 現實文學理論의 變遷에 대해 살펴봤고 다음에 "子夜"의 創作動機와 "子夜"의 이야기에 담긴 의미를 분석했다. 結論은 創作技巧面에 있어서 西方自然主義作家Zola의 影響을 크게 받았으며, "眞實性"과 "客觀性"을 講究했고, 內容에 있어서 마치 "子夜"의 이름자체에 담긴 뜻과 같이 어두운 黑暗의 舊中國이 곧 滅亡하고 밝은 黎明의 新中國(共産主義時代)이 곧 온다는 논지이다. 이런 점에서 茅盾의 작품 "子夜"는 當時 "左翼作家聯盟"이 要求하는 無産階級文學의 觀點으로 創作되었고 그리고 그의 자신이 政治信仰(마르크스主義)를 宣揚하는 프로레타리아 文學作品으로 여겨질 수 있다. 프러레타리아文學이 표방하는 것은 反帝國主義·反封建·反國民黨政府이고 共産黨作家들은 이런 文學을 투쟁의 武器로 삼고 있었다. 물론 이런 文學은 中國新文學에 있어서 하나의 逆流의 文學으로 여겨지고 있다. 茅盾의 작품 "子野"는 그것의 政治思想의 옳고 그름을 고려하지 않고 成熟한 創作技巧의 觀點에서 보면 成功한 作品이라고 볼수가 있다.
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Tsuey, Liew Shiau,Ariff, Arbakariya Bin,Mohamad, Rosfarizan,Rahim, Raha Abdul The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.4
A study on the feasibility of using improved computer-controlled HPLC and GC systems was carried out to shorten the time needed for measuring levels of the substrates (glucose, maltose, and glycerol) and products (acetone, butanol ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) produced by Clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 during direct fermentation of sago starch to solvent. The use of HPLC system with a single injection to analyse the composition of culture broth (substrates and products) during solvent fermentation was achieved by raising the column temperature to $80^{\circ}C$. Although good separation of the components in the mixture was achieved, a slight overlap was observed in the peaks for butyric acid and acetone. The shape of the peak obtained and the analysis time of 26.66 min were satisfactory at a fixed flow rate of 0.8mL/min. An improved GC system was developed, that was able to measure the products of solvent fermentation (acetone, butanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) within 19.28 min. Excellent resolution for each peak was achieved by adjusting the oven temperature to $65^{\circ}C$.
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Teik Hin Tan,Ew-Jun Chen,Ming Tsuey Chew,Ping Ching Chye,Ming Wong 대한핵의학회 2021 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.55 No.3
Tumour-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that manifests as chronic hypophosphataemia, non-specific bone pain and muscle weakness. It is generally caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour (PMT), which is uncommonly associated with synchronous tumours. However, diagnosis is often delayed for several years due to the rarity, indolent growing nature and non-specific symptoms of the disease, often resulting in an overlook by clinicians during assessments. The patient initially presented with hypophosphataemia and generalised skeletal pain with multiple atraumatic fractures. Blood tests revealed serum calcium levels at the upper limit and extremely low inorganic phosphate levels. Herein, we report a case where two synchronous PMTs from two different sites were detected by ‘extended’ whole-body Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT, leading to remission of the disease after complete surgical removal. Early detection and diagnosis of PMT neoplasm is crucial, as complete surgical resection of this tumour is the only definitive treatment currently known. Upon excision, this curable disease will result in complete resolution of symptoms and blood parameters, leading to remission of the disease which significantly improves the patient’s quality of life. PMT often over-expresses somatostatin receptors (SSTR), predominantly subtype 2A, and Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT is a selective SSTR imaging that targets this characteristic over-expression in these tumours. The high diagnostic accuracy of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT should be the primary imaging modality for full evaluation of this disease.
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Arbakariya Bin Ariff,Liew Shiau Tsuey,Rosfarizan Mohamad,Raha Abdul Rahim 한국생물공학회 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.4
A study on the feasibility of using improved computer-controlled HPLC and GC systems was carried out to shorten the time needed for measuring levels of the substrates (glucose, maltose, and glycerol) and products (acetone, butanol ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) produced by Clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 during direct fermentation of sago starch to solvent. The use of HPLC system with a single injection to analyse the composition of culture broth (substrates and products) during solvent fermentation was achieved by raising the column temperature to 80oC. Although good separation of the components in the mixture was achieved, a slight overlap was observed in the peaks for butyric acid and acetone. The shape of the peak obtained and the analysis time of 26.66 min were satisfactory at a fixed flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. An improved GC system was developed, that was able to measure the products of solvent fermentation (acetone, butanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) within 19.28 min. Excellent resolution for each peak was achieved by adjusting the oven temperature to 65oC.
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Madihah Md Salleh,Liew Shiau Tsuey,Arabakariya Bin Ariff 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1
The profile of enzymes relevant to solvent production during direct fermentation of sago starch by Clostridium saccharobutylicum P262 in a 2 L stirred tank fermenter was determined utilizing different pH control strategies. During fermentation without pH control (initial pH of 6), the specific activity of crotonase, thiolase, and β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase increased proportionally with solvent production. The highest crotonase (3,450.7 kat) and phosphotransbutyrylase activity (1,475.6 kat) was observed in fermentation where pH was maintained at 5 during the acidogenic phase and corresponded to a fairly high acid accumulation but low solvent production. During fermentation with a controlled pH of 5.25 during the solventogenic phase, the highest thiolase specific activity (255.7 kat) was obtained and corresponded to the highest production of acetone. On the other hand, the highest specific activities of crotonase, β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and phosphotransbutyrylase were observed at pH 5.5 and corresponded to the highest production of ethanol and butanol. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase had no significance role in solvent fermentation. These results suggested that pH control strategies were important for improvement of solvent production during direct fermentation of sago starch by C. saccharobutylicum.
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