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Julius Cesar Imperial Trajano 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.6
This paper conducts a qualitative policy analysis of current challenges to safety culture and securityculture in Southeast Asia and emerging best practices in Northeast Asia that are aimed at strengtheningboth cultures. It analyses lessons, including strengths and limitations, that can be derived from NortheastAsian states, given the long history of nuclear energy in South Korea, China and Japan. It identifies andexamines best practices from Northeast Asia’s Nuclear Security Centres of Excellence in terms of boostingnuclear security culture and their relevance for Southeast Asia. The paper accentuates the important roleof the State in adopting policy and regulatory frameworks and in institutionalising nuclear education andtraining programmes to deepen the safety-security cultures. Best practices in and challenges to developing a nuclear safety culture and a security culture in EastAsia are examined using three frameworks of analysis (i) a comprehensive nuclear policy framework; (ii)a proactive and independent regulatory body; and (iii) holistic nuclear education and training programmes. The paper argues that Southeast Asian states interested in harnessing nuclear energy and/orutilising radioactive sources for non-power applications must develop a comprehensive policy frameworkon developing safety and security cultures, a proactive regulatory body, and holistic nucleartraining programmes that cover both technical and human factors. Such measures are crucial in order tomitigate human errors that may lead to radiological accidents and nuclear security crises. Key lessonsfrom Japan, South Korea and China such as best practices and challenges can inform policy recommendationsfor Southeast Asia in enhancing safety-security cultures.
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Bottom-up Peacebuilding: Role of Grassroots and Local Actors in the Mindanao Peace Process
Julius Cesar I. Trajano 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2020 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.8 No.2
The people of Muslim Mindanao in the southern Philippines overwhelmingly approved, in a plebiscite in 2019, the creation of a new and more autonomous region, raising hopes that the decades-long conflict in Mindanao would soon end. This article asserts that the Mindanao peace process is not just about peace talks between the government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, but it should also include the effective participation of grassroots organizations and community-based peace advocates in resolving local conflicts. It evaluates four significant contributions of grassroots-level, local organizations and NGOs to the peace process: (1) combating violent extremism, (2) broadening peacebuilding by local women’s organizations, (3) solving local conflicts and rido (clan wars), and (4) ceasefire monitoring and civilian protection.
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The State of Nuclear Energy in ASEAN: Regional Norms and Challenges
( Mely Caballero Anthony ),( Julius Cesar I. Trajano ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2015 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.39 No.4
The Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011 did not dampen plans by Southeast Asian countries to develop nuclear power plants, despite safety concerns. The strong interest in nuclear power development is being driven by strategic considerations as states view nuclear power as an alternative energy source that can help address the dual objectives of energy security and mitigation of climate change effects. Our article examines the prospects for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to build a stronger regional normative framework to promote nuclear safety and security and prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons. In light of ASEAN``s vision to establish a political and security community in 2015, we argue that member states that plan to use nuclear energy need to address critical issues such as legislative and regulatory frameworks, human resource development, radioactive waste management, nuclear safety, emergency planning, and security and physical protection.
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Mely Caballero-Anthony,Julius Cesar Trajano 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2022 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.10 No.2
Member-states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) supportthe norms of nuclear disarmament and nuclear security through diplomatic effortsat the global level and regional efforts to promote nuclear safety and security. This is demonstrated in how ASEAN helped push for negotiation of the Treaty onthe Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) and its eventual passage, as well asongoing efforts to promote regional cooperation in advancing nuclear security andnuclear safety. Regional frameworks and mechanisms like the ASEAN Networkof Regulatory Bodies on Atomic Energy (ASEANTOM), the ASEAN RegionalForum, and the East Asia Summit provide the platforms for ASEAN to advance itsdiplomacy in promoting the norms of nuclear governance.
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